scholarly journals Absorption of red clover isoflavones in human subjects: results from a pilot study

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1569-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Maul ◽  
Sabine E. Kulling
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
First Time ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Present Pilot Study

In addition to soya-derived preparations, red clover-based dietary supplements have gained considerable interest as an alternative isoflavone (IF) source. While metabolism and bioavailability of the main IF from both sources have already been investigated, studies are still lacking on the biokinetic behaviour of IF, which are present in red clover in minor amounts. In the present pilot study, in which seven volunteers ingested a single dose of a commercial red clover dietary supplement, we focused on the absorption of three such IF, irilone (IRI), prunetin (PRUN) and pseudobaptigenin (PBAP). The compounds were measured as aglycones after enzymatic hydrolysis. A single intake of an amount of as low as 3·8 mg IRI (out of 38·8 mg IF in total) resulted in an IRI plasma concentration of 0·35 (sd 0·16) μm at 6.5 h post-ingestion. Compared to the plasma concentrations found for daidzein (0·39 μm) and genistein (0·06 μm), expected to be the main IF metabolites in plasma, the present findings indicate that IRI might possess a relatively high bioavailability. Furthermore, PRUN and PBAP were detected in human plasma for the first time.

scholarly journals Effects of Vitamin D Plus Calcium Supplements on Pharmacokinetics of Isoflavones in Thai Postmenopausal Women

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supanimit Teekachunhatean ◽  
Paveena Pongnad ◽  
Noppamas Rojanasthein ◽  
Maleeya Manorot ◽  
Chaichan Sangdee
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Calcium Supplements ◽  
Maximal Plasma Concentration ◽  
Maximal Plasma ◽  
To Receive

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of vitamin D3plus calcium supplements (D3-calcium) on pharmacokinetics of isoflavones in Thai postmenopausal women. This study was an open-labeled, randomized three-phase crossover study. Twelve healthy subjects were randomized to receive one of the following regimens: (a) a single dose of isoflavones, (b) a single dose of isoflavones, and D3-calcium, or (c) continuous D3-calcium for 7 days followed by a single dose of isoflavones on the 8th day. After a washout period, subjects were switched to receive the 2 remaining regimens according to their randomized sequences. Blood samples were collected before dose and at specific time points until 32 hours after isoflavone administration. Plasma was treated with β-glucuronidase/sulfatase to hydrolyze glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of daidzein and genistein. Plasma concentrations of daidzein and genistein were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The estimated pharmacokinetic parameters of isoflavones were time to maximal plasma concentration (Tmax), maximal plasma concentration (Cmax), half-life (t1/2) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC).Tmaxof daidzein and genistein after regimen B was significantly longer than that of regimen A. Other pharmacokinetic parameters of daidzein and genistein obtained following the three regimens were not significantly different.

scholarly journals A Single Dose of Marine Chlorella vulgaris Increases Plasma Concentrations of Lutein, β-Carotene and Zeaxanthin in Healthy Male Volunteers

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1164
Author(s):  
Ana Teresa Serra ◽  
Sandra D. Silva ◽  
Luís Pleno de Gouveia ◽  
Agostinho M. R. C. Alexandre ◽  
Carolina V. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
First Time ◽  
Β Carotene

The beneficial health effects of Chlorella vulgaris have been associated with the presence of several nutrients and antioxidants, including carotenoids. However, the in vivo bioavailability of Chlorella is still poorly evaluated. In this work, a human intervention study was conducted in 11 healthy men to evaluate the bioavailability of carotenoids within 3 days after the intake of a single dose (6 g) of dried marine Chlorella vulgaris containing lutein (7.08 mg), β-carotene (1.88 mg) and zeaxanthin (1.47 mg). Subjects were instructed to follow a low carotenoid diet during the experimental phase, starting 1 week earlier. On the day of the experiment, dried microalgae formulated in vegetarian hard capsules were ingested, and blood samples were collected up to 72 h for the analysis of plasma carotenoids concentration by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. For all carotenoids, the estimated AUC and Cmax values were significantly different from zero (p < 0.05), indicating that a single dose of marine Chlorella vulgaris increased plasma concentrations of lutein (Cmin-corrected AUC = 1002 µg·h/L, Cmax = 20.4 µg/L), β-carotene (AUC = 1302 µg·h/L, Cmax = 34.9 µg/L) and zeaxanthin (AUC = 122.2 µg·h/L, Cmax = 3.4 µg/L). The bioavailability of other compounds, namely, polyunsaturated fatty acids and trace elements, was also assessed post-prandial for the first time, showing that linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and iodine were absorbed after microalgae intake. These findings support the use of Chlorella vulgaris as a source of carotenoids, PUFA and essential trace elements with associated health benefits.

Bioavailability of Three Commercial Preparations of Ibuprofen 600 mg

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Källström ◽  
M. Heikinheimo ◽  
H. Quiding
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Analgesic Efficacy ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Extent Of Absorption

The pharmacokinetic variables of ibuprofen 600 mg were investigated after administration of Brufen and compared to administration of Burana and Ibumetin. The investigation was carried out as a randomized single-dose crossover study in 17 healthy volunteers. The mean maximum plasma concentrations of ibuprofen were 58, 45 and 54 μg/ml after administration of Brufen, Burana and Ibumetin, respectively, the time to reach this being 1.4, 2.1 and 1.6 h, respectively, after administration. The differences between Brufen and Burana were significant. The relative bioavailability was very similar between Brufen and Burana but about 8% lower for Ibumetin and this difference between Brufen and Ibumetin was significant. Thus, different brands of ibuprofen may not be pharmacokinetically interchangeable and the results show that Brufen is superior to either Burana or Ibumetin when considering both the rate and extent of absorption. These findings are clinically interesting since a high and early plasma concentration of ibuprofen seems to be related to increased analgesic efficacy.

Desipramine Plasma Concentration and Therapeutic Response in Elderly Depressives: A Naturalistic Pilot Study

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 752-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Kutcher ◽  
K.I. Shulman ◽  
K. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Initial Results

This naturalistic pilot study of desipramine hydrochloride treatment in elderly DSM III diagnosed depressives demonstrated that therapeutic response was related to desipramine plasma levels and that a desipramine plasma concentration of 200 nmol/l significantly differentiated responders from non-responders. Plasma concentrations of 2-Hydroxydesipramine were not related to therapeutic response. This finding suggests that monitoring of desipramine plasma levels has utility in certain clinical situations. Further fixed dosage studies are necessary to confirm these initial results.

scholarly journals Bioavailability of strawberry antioxidants in human subjects

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1165-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Azzini ◽  
Paola Vitaglione ◽  
Federica Intorre ◽  
Aurora Napolitano ◽  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Protocatechuic Acid ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
First Time ◽  
Meal Consumption

Strawberries contain many antioxidant phytochemicals such as vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolic compounds including anthocyanins (ACN). In the present study, antioxidant composition of fresh strawberries (FS) and stored strawberries (SS) and the bioavailability of the main strawberry bioactive compounds were determined in human subjects. Thirteen healthy volunteers consumed 300 g of FS and SS on two separate occasions. Blood, before and at different time points from meal consumption, as well as 24 h urine, was collected, and parent compounds and metabolites of the different compounds were determined by HPLC or LC/MS/MS. A reduction in α-carotene plasma concentrationsv.baseline values was recorded after the consumption of FS, although the amount of this carotenoid was higher in the SS. On the contrary, a significant increase of plasma vitamin C after 2, 3 and 5 h (P < 0·05) of FS and SS consumption was recorded. No quercetin and ACN were found in plasma, while coumaric acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA, 56 and 54 % of pelargonidin-3-glucoside (Pel-glc) ingested with FS and SS, respectively) and protocatechuic acid (59 and 34 % of cyanidin-3-glucoside ingested with FS and SS, respectively) over 8 h from strawberry consumption were retrieved in the plasma. Pelargonidin glucuronide, pelargonidin glucoside and pelargonidin aglycone peaked in urine within 2 h of strawberry consumption, and the 24 h amount excreted was always approximately 0·9 % of the Pel-glc dose ingested. The data indicated that the content of phytochemicals in strawberries may influence the bioavailability of individual compounds. Furthermore, in the present study, the metabolism of Pel-glc was elucidated, and, for the first time, 4HBA was suggested to be a major human metabolite of Pel-glc.

scholarly journals Influence of concomitant medication on plasma concentration of amiodarone in patients with atrial fibrillation - A pilot study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Adriana Neag ◽  
Dana Maria Muntean ◽  
Alexandra Nacu ◽  
Adrian Catinean ◽  
Anca Farcas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Concomitant Medications

Background. Although amiodarone is a drug with many side effects, it is one of the most commonly used drugs in the treatment and prophylaxis of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Aim. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate plasma concentrations of amiodarone in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and to identify possible drug-drug interactions between amiodarone and concomitant medications. Method. A prospective observational study was conducted in 27 consecutive patients treated with amiodarone from May to July 2017 in a Clinical University Hospital. The patients included met our inclusion criteria. HPLC-UV was the device used to determine the plasma concentration of amiodarone. Results. Only 51.8% of the patients had amiodarone plasma concentration within therapeutic interval (500-2500 ng/ml). The drugs associated to amiodarone in the therapeutic plan were diuretics, beta blockers, statins, antiplatelets, fluoroquinolones, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. We observed a statistically significant difference between the plasmatic concentrations of amiodarone in patients treated with furosemide vs. patients concomitantly treated with other drugs. Interactions between other mentioned drugs and amiodarone were not registered. We can report an underuse of amiodarone for more than 50% of the patients. Also, we found a significant interaction between furosemide and amiodarone, most likely through the interaction with MDR. Conclusion. Furosemide may influence the pharmacokinetics of P-gp-interfering drugs. However, the relevance of these findings needs to be confirmed and further research is needed to characterize the interaction between amiodarone and furosemide.

THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF CORTISONE AND CORTISOL UPON RENAL FUNCTION IN MAN

1958 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. MILLS ◽  
S. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Reabsorptive Capacity ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Filtered Load

SUMMARY Renal function has been studied in normal human subjects over some hours after the administration of 250 mg cortisone acetate orally or of 100 mg cortisol intravenously. Increased output of potassium without elevation of plasma concentration, and retention of sodium, were observed regularly both in the course of and without a phosphate infusion. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were sometimes markedly elevated, sometimes unaltered. When phosphate was infused in amounts sufficient to saturate tubular reabsorptive capacity, phosphate tubular maximum was often depressed by the hormones, but sometimes unaltered. At normal plasma concentrations the usual relationship between phosphate excretion and plasma concentration or filtered load was undisturbed.

Mother's MILK Messaging: A PILOT Study of an APP to Support Breastfeeding in First Time Mothers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 218A-218A ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Bunik ◽  
Jennifer Leifermann ◽  
Jessica R. Ryan ◽  
Anna Furniss ◽  
Sheana Bull
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
First Time Mothers ◽  
Mother's Milk ◽  
Mother’S Milk ◽  
First Time

Clinical Impact of Co-medication of Levetiracetam and Clobazam with Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Drug Interaction Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Bhuvanachandra Pasupuleti ◽  
Vamshikrishna Gone ◽  
Ravali Baddam ◽  
Raj Kumar Venisetty ◽  
Om Prakash Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Cytochrome P 450

Background: Clobazam (CLBZ) metabolized primarily by Cytochrome P-450 isoenzyme CYP3A4 than with CYP2C19, Whereas Levetiracetam (LEV) is metabolized by hydrolysis of the acetamide group. Few CYP enzymes are inhibited by Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole, and Rabeprazole in different extents that could affect drug concentrations in blood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of these PPIs on the plasma concentrations of LEV and CLBZ. Methods: Blood samples from 542 patients were included out of which 343 were male and 199 were female patients and were categorized as control and test. Plasma samples analyzed using an HPLC-UV method. Plasma concentrations were measured and compared to those treated and those not treated with PPIs. One way ANOVA and games Howell post hoc test used by SPSS 20 software. Results: CLBZ concentrations were significantly 10 folds higher in patients treated with Pantoprazole (P=0.000) and 07 folds higher in patients treated with Esmoprazole and Rabeprazole (P=0.00). Whereas plasma concentration of LEV control group has no statistical and significant difference when compared to pantoprazole (P=0.546) and with rabeprazole and esomeprazole was P=0.999. Conclusion: The effect of comedication with PPIs on the plasma concentration of clobazam is more pronounced for pantoprazole to a greater extent when compared to esomeprazole and rabeprazole. When pantoprazole is used in combination with clobazam, dose reduction of clobazam should be considered, or significance of PPIs is seen to avoid adverse effects.

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