SERIAL ASSAYS OF PLASMA GROWTH HORMONE IN TREATED AND UNTREATED ACROMEGALY

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. HUNTER ◽  
F. J. GILLINGHAM ◽  
P. HARRIS ◽  
J. A. KANIS ◽  
F. M. McGURK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
External Irradiation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Partial Suppression

SUMMARY Assays for human growth hormone (HGH) were carried out on 89 acromegalic patients, 81 of whom were studied before any treatment had been given. Serial studies were undertaken, generally at 6-monthly intervals, with the same test procedure, using a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) and identical assay conditions over a period of 8 years. Twenty-three patients were assessed at intervals during periods of up to 4 years whilst they remained untreated. The general picture was one of unchanging HGH levels. Ten patients were studied before and after external irradiation. HGH levels showed a slow continuing fall for as long as 4 years and thereafter they stabilized at one-third of pretreatment values. HGH levels in 12 patients treated with radioactive implants showed an immediate fall to one-third, and thereafter a further slow decline to one-tenth of pretreatment levels. The response in eight patients treated by surgical removal of pituitary tissue and subsequent radiotherapy varied considerably. No patient, treated or untreated, showed evidence of partial suppression of HGH secretion during the GTT although three patients consistently responded to glucose with paradoxical hypersecretion.

scholarly journals Premature Adrenarche in Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome Treated with Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Seems to Not Influence the Course of Central Puberty and the Efficacy and Safety of the Therapy

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lecka-Ambroziak ◽  
Marta Wysocka-Mincewicz ◽  
Kamila Marszałek-Dziuba ◽  
Agnieszka Rudzka-Kocjan ◽  
Mieczysław Szalecki
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Recombinant Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Premature Adrenarche

Puberty in children with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is usually delayed and/or incomplete but in some patients premature/early adrenarche is observed. We assessed the premature adrenarche (PA) in PWS patients during the recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy and influence of PA on the course of central puberty (CP), rhGH efficacy and safety, and patients’ metabolic state. Forty-nine PWS patients were treated with rhGH, 11 presented with PA (group 1) and 14 had normal course of adrenarche (group 2). PA was observed in 22.5% of the PWS children treated with rhGH. The mean time between the rhGH start and the adrenarche, the rhGH dose, the growth velocity and the insulin-like growth factor 1 SD (IGF1 SD) during the treatment, as well as the time of CP, final height SD and BMI SD were similar in both groups. There were also no significant differences in the metabolic assessment—the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and lipid profile results. PA may be a part of the clinical picture of PWS, apart from hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism and it seems to have no influence on CP in PWS patients. The rhGH efficacy and safety were comparable in the patients with PA and the normal course of adrenarche.

scholarly journals Incretin Hormones, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Human Growth Hormone Responses During Ogtt in Newly Diagnosed T2DM Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
KA Jhuma ◽  
ASM Giasuddin ◽  
MS Hossain ◽  
AMM Haq
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Incretin Hormones ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Altered Thyroid ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Several research groups have reported variable results about incretin effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1), altered thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) status, human growth hormone (hGH) deficiency and perturbed cytokines balances in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).The present case-control prospective interventional study was conducted investigating responses of incretin hormones (GIP, GLP-1), TSH and hGH to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in newly diagnosed Bangladeshi T2DM patient. Blood samples were collected from 36 OGTT positive newly diagnosed T2DM patients as cases and 30 normal adults as controls at '0' minute (fasting) and at 2 hours after OGTT. Laboratory investigations were done and special parameters in serum, i.e. hGH, TSH, Insulin, GIP and GLP-1 were analyzed using enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits. Statistical analyses were made by Student's 't' test using SPSS programm. T2DM patients (cases) had FBG and BG2Hr levels much higher than controls (p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between controls and cases for F-TSH (p=0.927), TSH2HrA (p=0.413), F-hGH (p=0.532) and hGH2HrA (p=0.773) levels. It was observed that F-GIP (p=0.309) and F-GLP-1 (p=0.984) levels were similar between cases and controls. Interestingly, control subjects responded to OGTT by increasing GIP2HA and GLP-1, 2HR levels about 3 times compared to F-GIP and F-GLP-1 (p<0.001). In cases, F-GIP and F-GLP-1 levels were also raised responding to OGTT but by about 1.5 times only compared to F-GIP and F-GLP-1 (p<0.025). Although no significant differences were observed for F-TSH, TSH2HrA, F-hGH and hGH2HrA between cases and controls, F-GIP and F-GLP-1 levels were raised responding to OGTT in cases by about 1.5 times only compared to about 3.0 times in controls subjects. But responses of GIP and GLP-1 to glucose load were lower leading to reduced insulin levels in these T2DM patients reported earlier. Further studies with a larger sample size including cytokines are warranted. Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2018; 11(1): 9-16

scholarly journals Glucose Homeostasis in Patients with Pheochromocytoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Rucsandra Dănciulescu Miulescu ◽  
Denisa Margină ◽  
Mirela Culman ◽  
Sorin Păun ◽  
Cătălina Poiană
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background and Aims. Previous studies have shown that impaired glucose tolerance is present in patients with pheochromocytoma with a prevalence of 25- 75%. The aim of this study was to examine glucose tolerance in 12 patients with pheochromocytoma, before and after medical and surgical treatment. Material and Methods. We evaluated 12 patients aged between 44 and 60 years with confirmed pheochromocytoma. Plasma insulin, fasting blood glucose and 2h glucose levels during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured before and three months after surgical removal of the tumor. Results. Surgical removal of the tumor generated significant changes in plasma and urinary metanephrines (plasma normetanephrine 191.15±13.22 pg/ml after treatment vs. 792.54±86.74 pg/ml at baseline, p<0.0001, plasma metanephrine 86.69±4.48 pg/ml vs. 363.62.±21.69 pg/ml, p<0.0001, urinary normetanephrine 718.54±37.59 μg/day after treatment vs. 1855.77±116.54 μg/day at baseline and urinary metanephrine of 258.31±34.00 μg/day vs. 745.38±65.14 μg/day, p<0.0001) but not in insulin, fasting and 2h glucose levels during OGTT. Conclusion. In our study, the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with confirmed pheochromocytoma was 8.33% (1 patient with a previous family history of diabetes). After surgical removal of the tumor, normalization of mean glucose levels of OGTT was not achieved.

THE EFFECT OF THE PROGESTOGEN ETHYNODIOL DIACETATE ON GLUCOSE, INSULIN, AND GROWTH HORMONE AFTER SIX MONTHS TREATMENT

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. N. Spellacy ◽  
W. C. Buhi ◽  
S. A. Birk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Ethynodiol Diacetate ◽  
Tolerance Curve

ABSTRACT Seventy-one women were treated with a daily dose of 0.25 mg of the progestogen ethynodiol diacetate. They were all tested with a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test before beginning the steroid and then again during the sixth month of use. Measurements were made of blood glucose and plasma insulin and growth hormone levels. There was a significant elevation of the blood glucose levels after steroid treatment as well as a deterioration in the tolerance curve in 12.9% of the women. The plasma insulin values were also elevated after drug treatment whereas the fasting ambulatory growth hormone levels did not significantly change. There was a significant association between the changes in glucose and insulin levels and the subject's age, control weight, or weight gain during treatment. The importance of considering the metabolic effects of the progestogen component of oral contraceptives is stressed.

scholarly journals Obese Older Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Muscle Insulin Resistance Benefit from an Enriched Protein Drink during Combined Lifestyle Intervention: The PROBE Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilrike J. Pasman ◽  
Robert G. Memelink ◽  
Johan de Vogel-Van den Bosch ◽  
Mark P. V. Begieneman ◽  
Willem J. van den Brink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Before And After

(1) Background: Recent research showed that subtypes of patients with type 2 diabetes may differ in response to lifestyle interventions based on their organ-specific insulin resistance (IR). (2) Methods: 123 Subjects with type 2 diabetes were randomized into 13-week lifestyle intervention, receiving either an enriched protein drink (protein+) or an isocaloric control drink (control). Before and after the intervention, anthropometrical and physiological data was collected. An oral glucose tolerance test was used to calculate indices representing organ insulin resistance (muscle, liver, and adipose tissue) and β-cell functioning. In 82 study-compliant subjects (per-protocol), we retrospectively examined the intervention effect in patients with muscle IR (MIR, n = 42) and without MIR (no-MIR, n = 40). (3) Results: Only in patients from the MIR subgroup that received protein+ drink, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, whole body, liver and adipose IR, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass improved versus control. Lifestyle intervention improved body weight and fat mass in both subgroups. Furthermore, for the MIR subgroup decreased systolic blood pressure and increased VO2peak and for the no-MIR subgroup, a decreased 2-h glucose concentration was found. (4) Conclusions: Enriched protein drink during combined lifestyle intervention seems to be especially effective on increasing muscle mass and improving insulin resistance in obese older, type 2 diabetes patients with muscle IR.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Analysis of the Effects of Leptin Replacement Therapy in Patients with Lipodystrophy

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivraj Grewal ◽  
Sriram Gubbi ◽  
Andin Fosam ◽  
Caroline Sedmak ◽  
Shanaz Sikder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract Context and Objective Leptin treatment has dramatic clinical effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in leptin-deficient patients with lipodystrophy. Further elucidation of metabolic effects of exogenous leptin therapy will shed light on understanding leptin physiology in humans. Our objective was to utilize metabolomic profiling to examine the changes associated with administration of short-term metreleptin therapy in patients with lipodystrophy. Study Design We conducted a pre-post-treatment study in 19 patients (75% female) with varying forms of lipodystrophy (congenital generalized lipodystrophy, n = 10; acquired generalized lipodystrophy, n = 1; familial partial lipodystrophy, n = 8) who received daily subcutaneous metreleptin injections for a period of 16 to 23 weeks. A 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test and body composition measurements were conducted before and after the treatment period, and fasting blood samples were used for metabolomic profiling. The study outcome aimed at measuring changes in physiologically relevant metabolites before and after leptin therapy. Results Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in pathways involving branched-chain amino acid metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, protein degradation, urea cycle, tryptophan metabolism, nucleotide catabolism, vitamin E, and steroid metabolism. Fold changes in pre- to post-treatment metabolite levels indicated increased breakdown of fatty acids, branched chain amino acids proteins, and nucleic acids. Conclusions Leptin replacement therapy has significant effects on important metabolic pathways implicated in patients with lipodystrophy. Continued metabolomic studies may provide further insight into the mechanisms of action of leptin replacement therapy and provide novel biomarkers of lipodystrophy. Abbreviations: 1,5-AG, 1,5-anhydroglucitol; 11βHSD1, 11-β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1; BCAA, branched-chain amino acid; FFA, free fatty acid; GC-MS, gas chromatography mass spectrometry; IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; IFN-γ, interferon-γ; m/z, mass to charge ratio; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; TDO, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; UPLC-MS/MS, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Asprosin, a Novel Adipokine, Are Significantly Lowered in Patients with Acromegaly

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xiaoan Ke ◽  
Lian Duan ◽  
Fengying Gong ◽  
Yuelun Zhang ◽  
Kan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Cell Adenoma ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. Asprosin is a novel identified adipokine secreted mainly by white adipose tissue, which is elevated in metabolic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. Acromegaly is a syndrome caused by pituitary growth hormone (GH) cell adenoma with excessive GH secretion. Serum adipocytokines levels may be involved in abnormal glycolipid metabolism in acromegaly patients. Objectives. To investigate serum asprosin levels in acromegaly patients and its correlation with high GH levels and glucolipid metabolic parameters. Methods. A retrospective case-control study was conducted and 68 acromegaly patients and 121 controls were included in this study. Clinical information and laboratory examinations were collected and serum asprosin levels were measured by commercial ELISA kits. Results. Serum asprosin levels in acromegaly patients were significantly lower than controls ( P < 0.001 ). Serum asprosin levels in patients with the course of acromegaly ≥5 years (compared with <5 years), high area under curve of growth hormone (GH-AUC) after 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (compared with low GH-AUC patients), and high IGF-1 SDS group (compared with low IGF-1 SDS group) were significantly reduced (all P < 0.05 ). Serum asprosin levels in acromegaly patients were negatively correlated with the course of acromegaly, IGF-1 SDS, nadir growth hormone value (GH-Nadir), and GH-AUC after OGTT. Multiple stepwise linear regression indicated that acromegaly was an independent influencing factor of serum asprosin levels. According to serum asprosin levels tertiles, the risk of acromegaly in the lowest group was 2.67 times higher than the highest group (OR ＝ 3.665, 95% CI 1.677 ∼ 8.007, P = 0.001 ), and the increased risk of the lowest group still existed after adjusting for gender, age, BMI, and TC (Model 2). Conclusions. Serum asprosin levels in acromegaly patients are lowered, which may be related to increased blood glucose and reduced body fat mass caused by long-term high GH levels exposure.

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