Plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol-17β and 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin F2α in the pregnant wallaby (Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus)

1983 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Walker ◽  
R. T. Gemmell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Birth Process ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Uterine Secretions ◽  
Mean Concentration

The concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol-17β in the maternal plasma of Bennett's wallaby, Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus, were measured daily throughout gestation after reactivation of the diapausing corpus luteum by removal of the suckling pouch young (RPY). Progesterone increased from mean concentrations of 382–424 pmol/l (120–133 pg/ml) during lactation to reach peak concentrations of 908 ± 172 (s.e.m.) pmol/l (285 ± 54 pg/ml) (n = 8) 4 days after RPY and 971 ± 220 and 971 ± 229 pmol/l (305 ± 69 and 305 ± 72 pg/ml) (n = 7) 24 and 25 days after RPY respectively. The mean gestation length (RPY to birth) was 26·8 ± 0·6 (s.d.) days (n = 6, range 25·75–27·50 days). Immediately after birth the plasma progesterone concentration declined to 299 ± 51 (s.e.m.) pmol/l (94 ± 16 pg/ml) (n=6). Oestradiol-17β increased from mean concentrations of 291–553 pmol/l (80–152 pg/ml) during lactation to reach a peak concentration of 967 ± 331 pmol/l (266 ± 91 pg/ml) (n = 9) 1 day after RPY. The concentration declined from 7 days after RPY and fluctuated between mean concentrations of 273 and 480 pmol/l before reaching a minimum of 207 ± 69 pmol/l (57 ± 19 pg/ml) (n = 6) 19 days after RPY. A transient increase to 542 ± 207 pmol/l (n = 7) occurred at 22 days after RPY. Plasma concentrations declined to a low of 156 ± 55 pmol/l (43 ± 15 pg/ml) (n = 6) 5 days after parturition. The mean concentration of plasma 13,14-dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin F2α was less than 2·8 nmol/l (1 ng/ml) for all samples from 13 days after RPY until 4 days after parturition. The results suggest that oestradiol-17β may be important in the early stages of blastocyst reactivation to synergize with progesterone in stimulating uterine secretions. 13,14-Dihydro-15-oxo-prostaglandin F2α is unlikely to be involved in the birth process and any luteolytic effect is likely to be from a local production of PGF2α.

Effects of luteectomy on the maintenance of pregnancy, circulating progesterone concentrations and lambing performance in sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Al-Gubory ◽  
A. Solari ◽  
B. Mirman
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

In sheep, there have been few and conflicting data regarding the necessity of the corpus luteum (CL) for the maintenance of pregnancy. The aims of the present study were to examine the effect of luteectomy on and after Day 50 of pregnancy on maternal plasma progesterone concentrations and the progression of pregnancy, to determine the minimum placental progesterone support required for the maintenance of pregnancy, and to evaluate the effect of luteectomy on lambing performance. In Experiment 1, four ewes luteectomized on Day 50 of pregnancy aborted 2–7 days after surgery, whereas pregnancy progressed and parturition occurred between Days 143 and 149, with live lambs, in three of four ewes and in four ewes luteectomized on Days 60 and 70 of pregnancy respectively. The mean ( SEM) progesterone concentrations on the day before and one day after luteectomy decreased from 4.87 0.85 to 0.42 0.06 ng mL –1 (P<0.01), from 4.57 0.51 to 0.80 0.12 ng mL –1 (P<0.02) and from 6.05 0.52 to 1.67 0.11 ng mL –1 (P<0.01), respectively, for the ewes luteectomized on Days 50, 60 and 70 of pregnancy. The fall in progesterone concentrations was 90%, 80% and 71%, respectively, for the ewes luteectomized on Days 50, 60 and 70 of pregnancy. In Experiment 2, pregnancy progressed in four ewes luteectomized on Day 70 and parturition occurred between Days 146 and 149, with live lambs. The mean progesterone concentrations declined (P<0.01) from 6.9 0.7 ng mL –1 on the day before luteectomy to 2.1 0.3 ng mL –1 the day after surgery. The concentrations of progesterone in blood collected every 3 h during a 24-h period were stable on Days 60 and 80 of pregnancy, but they were lower (P<0.03) on Day 80 than on Day 60 of pregnancy, for each time period examined. In Experiment 3, the gestation length and birthweights of single, twin and triplet lambs were not different between the control intact ewes (n = 111) and the ewes luteectomized on Days 70–80 of pregnancy (n = 71). Lamb mortality was not different between the two groups (7.2% v. 8.4%, control v. luteectomized). In conclusion, these results showed that (1) the sheep CL is necessary to maintain pregnancy until at least Day 60, (2) progesterone withdrawal induced by luteectomy on and after Day 50 of pregnancy must be of a critical magnitude to provoke abortion, (3) after Day 60 of pregnancy, the CL and the placenta together secrete more progesterone than required for pregnancy maintenance, (4) there is no apparent 24- hour rhythm in maternal plasma progesterone concentrations before and after luteectomy, and (5) luteectomy at mid pregnancy has no apparent effect on gestation length, lamb birthweight or lamb mortality.

CHANGES IN OVARIAN AND PITUITARY FUNCTION IN NON-PREGNANT WOMEN DURING THE INFUSION OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2α

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Elias ◽  
J. R. Newton ◽  
W. P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Serial Samples ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Venous Plasma

ABSTRACT The concentrations of prostaglandin F2α, progesterone, oestradiol, LH and cortisol have been determined in serial samples of peripheral venous plasma, before, during and after, the intravenous administration of prostaglandin F2α (50 μg/min, for 5 h) to 8 women in the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle. The results show that the mean concentrations of prostaglandin F2α and cortisol increased during the infusion by factors of 8.8 and 2.6 respectively. The highest levels of cortisol occurred after 3 h, and were significantly different (P < 0.0005, Student's t-test) from those obtained before the infusion. There were progressive decreases in the concentrations of LH and progesterone. After 3 h the values for LH were significantly lower (P < 0.0025) than those before the administration of prostaglandin F2α, and the lowest mean value was 26 % of the control. The values for progesterone were significantly lower (P < 0.025) after 5 h, and the mean value at this time was 38 % of the control. The pattern of the mean concentration for oestradiol was similar to that for progesterone. The levels of all 5 compounds had returned to normal within 1 h after completion of the infusion. The findings are discussed.

PROGESTERONE IN THE HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN THE PREOVULATORY PERIOD OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benno Runnebaum ◽  
Josef Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Graafian Follicle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

ABSTRACT Progesterone was determined and identified in human peripheral blood during the preovulatory period of the menstrual cycle, by combined isotope derivative and recrystallization analysis. The mean concentration of progesterone in 1.095 ml of plasma obtained 9 days before ovulation was 0.084 μg/100 ml. However, the mean concentration of progesterone in 1.122 ml of plasma obtained 4 days before ovulation was 0.279 μg/100 ml. These data demonstrate a source of progesterone secretion other than the corpus luteum. The higher plasma-progesterone concentration 4 days before ovulation may indicate progesterone secretion of the ripening Graafian follicle of the ovary.

EFFECT OF LOW ZINC INTAKE DURING PREGNANCY ON PLASMA PROLACTIN, PROGESTERONE, PROSTAGLANDIN, CORTISOL AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS OF EWES DURING THE PERIPARTURIENT PERIOD

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. FITZGERALD ◽  
G. A. EVERETT ◽  
J. APGAR
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pregnant Ewe

The effect of low dietary Zn intake upon several plasma endocrine and metabolic profiles was examined during late gestation in the ewe. Thirty adult, primiparous Finncross ewes were fed a low Zn diet with (+Zn, n = 14) or without (0Zn, n = 16) supplemental Zn in the drinking water starting day 1 of pregnancy. Although the mean prepartum progesterone and prolactin concentrations were lower (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in 0Zn than in +Zn ewes, the peak prolactin concentrations in 0Zn ewes at lambing were similar to +Zn ewes. Both basal and thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH)-induced prolactin release were less (P < 0.01) in 0Zn ewes 2 d postpartum. Plasma concentrations of 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F2α (PGFM) of ewes sampled within 45 min post-lambing were lower (P < 0.05) in 0Zn ewes. There was no difference in cortisol concentrations within 45 min after lambing between 0Zn and + Zn ewes. Plasma protein concentrations in 0Zn ewes were higher (P < 0.01) than those in +Zn ewes during pregnancy. In summary, these data show that low Zn intake in the pregnant ewe affected several endocrine and metabolic plasma parameters associated with normal pregnancy and parturition. Key words: Zinc, parturition, dystocia, feed intake, ovine

scholarly journals Comparative changes in plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol and LH during the ovulatory cycle in a multiple ovulating male line and a single ovulating traditional line of turkeys

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Buchanan ◽  
GW Robertson ◽  
PM Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Multiple Ovulation ◽  
Male Line ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to compare the profile of circulating concentrations of LH, progesterone and oestradiol in a multiple ovulating male line with that of a single ovulating line of traditional turkeys. Plasma samples from seven traditional and 12 male-line turkeys were obtained every 3 h for 36 h. Male-line and traditional turkeys had single peaks of LH and progesterone that were of similar duration in both lines. The mean height of the plasma peaks of LH and progesterone were similar in the two lines and there was no detectable peak plasma oestrogen concentration. Mean plasma concentrations of LH and oestrogen were higher in single compared with multiple ovulating turkeys, whereas there were no differences in mean plasma progesterone concentrations. The results indicate that the multiple ovulation state in genetically selected high-growth lines of turkey may be the result of a correlated response in the steroidogenic capacity of ovarian tissue associated with low plasma concentrations of oestrogen rather than of a disturbance in the hormone profile of the ovulatory cycle.

Effect of alteration of maternal plasma progesterone concentrations on fetal behavioural state during late gestation

1997 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Nicol ◽  
J J Hirst ◽  
D Walker ◽  
G D Thorburn
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Fetal Plasma ◽  
Progesterone Synthesis ◽  
Progesterone Metabolites ◽  
Vascular Catheters

Placental progesterone synthesis exposes the fetus to high levels of progesterone and progesterone metabolites during late gestation which may influence fetal behaviour. To determine the role of maternal progesterone synthesis in the control of fetal arousal state and fetal breathing movements (FBM), the effect of raising and lowering maternal progesterone concentrations was examined in chronically catheterised fetal sheep. Fetal and maternal vascular catheters, fetal tracheal and amniotic fluid catheters as well as electrodes for recording fetal electrocortical (ECoG), electro-ocular (EOG) and nuchal muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity were implanted between 118 and 122 days gestational age (GA). Progesterone, 100 mg, administered twice daily i.m. for 3 days (130–133 days GA) resulted in a marked elevation in maternal plasma progesterone concentrations (370 ± 121%, n=5, P<0·05), but had no effect on fetal plasma concentrations. Fetal EOG episodes and the duration of fetal behavioural arousal were significantly suppressed throughout the progesterone treatment period (74·4–81·1% and 58–65% respectively, P<0·05, n=5). Four ewes received Trilostane (25 mg i.v.), a 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor, between 136 and 140 days GA. Maternal and fetal progesterone concentrations were significantly lowered by 60 min after treatment (19·8 ± 8·0% and 39·5 ± 24·3% respectively, P<0·05). The incidence of fetal EOG activity increased from a pretreatment level of 26·8 ± 1·5 min/h to 30·3 ± 2·8 min/h at 1–6 h and to 35·0 ± 1·7 min/h (P<0·05) during the 7–12 h after Trilostane treatment. The duration of FBM episodes was significantly higher at 1–6 h and 7–12 h after Trilostane treatment (19·5 ± 3·0 and 23·6 ± 5·5 min/h respectively, P<0·05) compared with pretreatment levels (11·2 ± 1·2 min/h). We conclude that increasing maternal progesterone levels suppresses fetal EOG activity and behavioural arousal, whereas reducing maternal progesterone synthesis leads to an elevation of EOG activity and FBM. Journal of Endocrinology (1997) 152, 379–386

PLASMA PROGESTERONE LEVELS IN GUINEA-PIGS ACTIVELY IMMUNIZED AGAINST PROSTAGLANDIN F2α, HYSTERECTOMIZED OR TREATED WITH INTRA-UTERINE INDOMETHACIN

1975 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. POYSER ◽  
E. W. HORTON
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin Conjugate ◽  
Prostaglandin F

SUMMARY Five guinea-pigs actively immunized against a prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α)–bovine serum albumin conjugate showed elongated oestrous cycles. During these, corpora lutea were maintained in a functional secretory state as indicated by plasma progesterone levels. The results are compatible with the view that the PGF2α antibodies neutralized the PGF2α released from the uterus and thus prevented its normal luteolytic effect. Similar patterns of progesterone secretion were observed in two hysterectomized animals and in two animals with intra-uterine implants of indomethacin.

Effect of long-term infusion of ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor in the immature ovine fetus

1986 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Wintour ◽  
R. J. Bell ◽  
R. S. Carson ◽  
R. J. MacIsaac ◽  
G. W. Tregear ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Fetal Plasma ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor ◽  
Ovine Fetus

ABSTRACT Synthetic ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor (oCRF) was infused continuously into the jugular veins of six ovine fetuses for 5–11 days. Two fetuses receiving 0·1 and 1·0 μg oCRF/h from gestational days 134 and 135 respectively, lambed prematurely on days 141 and 140 respectively. Three out of four fetuses receiving oCRF at 2·4 μg/h, from 125 days of gestation, delivered spontaneously at 131, 131 and 136 days, whilst one died in utero at 132 days. Two fetuses receiving vehicle only or oCRF intra-amniotically, were born at 148 and 145 days respectively, whilst six fetuses chronically cannulated but not infused were born at 149·8 ±2·1 (s.d.) days. In ewes lambing at term, maternal plasma progesterone concentrations were 41·4±11·4 (s.e.m.; n = 5), 28·8±7·8 (n = 6), 17·1 ±4·8 (n = 5) and 7·9± 1·1 (n = 4) nmol/l on 3, 2, 1 and 0 days respectively before the lambs were born. No such decrease in maternal plasma progesterone concentrations was seen in the oCRF-infused fetuses. Fetal plasma concentrations of immunoreactive ACTH were maintained above normal in oCRF-infused fetuses, but some desensitization to bolus oCRF injections occurred in these fetuses. Four of the five fetuses born prematurely were sufficiently mature to survive, being able to stand, breathe and suckle. It is concluded that continuous oCRF infusions into immature fetuses can accelerate maturation of a number of organs and systems culminating in the premature delivery of viable lambs. J. Endocr. (1986) 111, 469–475

THE CONCENTRATION OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2α IN MATERNAL PLASMA, FOETAL PLASMA AND AMNIOTIC FLUID DURING PREGNANCY IN WOMEN

1975 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Johnson ◽  
P. A. Manning ◽  
J. F. Hennam ◽  
J. R. Newton ◽  
W. P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Serial Samples ◽  
Considerable Individual Variation ◽  
Venous Plasma

ABSTRACT The concentration of prostaglandin F2α has been determined in serial samples of peripheral venous plasma from women at defined times during labour, and studied in detail throughout two consecutive uterine contractions. In addition, the same compound has been measured in single samples of uterine venous plasma, cord venous plasma, and amniotic fluid in groups of patients during early and late pregnancy, labour and at delivery of the baby. The results from the analysis of peripheral venous plasma show that there is considerable individual variation in the concentration of prostaglandin F2α during labour (mean ± sd, 33.1 ± 11.6 pg/ml). However, it is not possible to establish a definite correlation with either the latent or accelerated phases or with the time of delivery. Furthermore, there is no apparent temporal relationship between the concentrations in peripheral venous plasma and the contractile state of the uterus as assessed by external tocography. In early pregnancy (16th to 20th week) the concentration of prostaglandin F2α (pg/ml, mean ± sd) in peripheral venous plasma is 26.3 ± 4.3 and in amniotic fluid 32.7 ± 26.5. At the 36th week to the start of labour the corresponding values are 27.1 ± 8.1 and 110.0 ± 73.8. At the same time the levels in cord plasma and uterine venous plasma are 100.4 ± 74.9 and 87.9 ± 55.0 respectively. During labour there is a significant increase (P < 0.005, Student's t-test) in the concentration in amniotic fluid (335.1 ± 171.0). The results are discussed in relation to the possible role of prostaglandin F2α in the process of parturition.

THE METABOLISM OF INJECTED PROGESTERONE IN THE EWE

1963 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. BRUSH
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

SUMMARY Plasma levels of progesterone and 20 α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one have been studied after intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) injections of progesterone in sheep. I.v. injected progesterone was removed from the bloodstream very rapidly and it was necessary to give 50 mg. before it was possible to detect progesterone at times up to 10 min. after the injection. With 100 mg. amounts of progesterone injected i.v. the mean concentration in samples taken up to 10 min. after the injection was 34·7 μg./100 ml. plasma (range 4–110 μg./100 ml. in 9 samples), but after 1 hr. the mean level was 2·2 μg./100 ml. plasma (range 0–10 μg./100 ml. in 10 samples). The concentrations of 20 α-hydroxypregn-4-en-3-one were usually, but not always, less than those of progesterone. When progesterone was given by i.m. injection it was not possible to establish detectable blood levels. The effect of the injection vehicle was also studied for each injection route. Some new modifications of Short's method (1958) for the determination of plasma progesterone are described and discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document