scholarly journals The relationship between intraperitoneal volume and solute transport in pediatric patients. Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Study Consortium.

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1935-1939
Author(s):  
B A Warady ◽  
S Alexander ◽  
S Hossli ◽  
E Vonesh ◽  
D Geary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Solute Transport ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
The Other ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reliable Interpretation ◽  
The Relationship

A multicenter study was conducted to determine the relationship between intraperitoneal volume and solute (e.g., urea, creatinine) transport as determined by the dialysate to plasma (D/P) ratio and mass transfer area coefficient (MTAC). Two 4-h peritoneal equilibration tests were conducted on each of 12 pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients (mean age, 10.8 yr; range, 0.2 to 19.2 yr). One test exchange volume was 900 mL/m2 body surface area (BSA), and the other was 1,100 mL/m2 BSA. Dialysate samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min. Blood samples were drawn at 0 and 240 min. Solute equilibration was significantly more rapid with the 900 mL/m2 BSA exchange volume than with the 1,100 mL/m2 exchange volume when evaluated by the D/P ratio. In contrast, no differences in solute transport were noted with either exchange volume when assessed with the MTAC. In conclusion, solute D/P ratios vary with changes in the intraperitoneal volume, necessitating the use of a standardized exchange volume for the reliable interpretation of evaluations such as the peritoneal equilibration tests. In contrast, the use of the MTAC allows for an accurate assessment of solute transport over a wide range of exchange volumes.

scholarly journals SP507EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOLUTE TRANSPORT CHARACTERISTICS AND DEGREE OF HYDRATION IN PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. i519-i519
Author(s):  
Fansan Zhu ◽  
Samer Abbas ◽  
Roxana Bologa ◽  
Bambi Lanto ◽  
Nathan Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Solute Transport ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Degree Of Hydration ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Dialysate interleukin-6 predicts increasing peritoneal solute transport rate in incident peritoneal dialysis patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeoungjee Cho ◽  
David W Johnson ◽  
David A Vesey ◽  
Carmel M Hawley ◽  
Elaine M Pascoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Solute Transport ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Transport Rate ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Peritoneal Solute Transport Rate

Rate of Synthetic Oligosaccharide Degradation as a Novel Measure of Amylase Activity in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvia García–López ◽  
Andrzej Werynski ◽  
Olof Heimbürger ◽  
José C. Divino Filho ◽  
Bengt Lindholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Uremic Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Background Plasma α–amylase activity is elevated in uremic patients but lower in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients using icodextrin in comparison to healthy controls. We studied the rate by which an exogenous oligosaccharide (maltoheptaose; G7) is degraded ex vivo by amylase in plasma from PD patients treated with glucose or icodextrin PD solutions. Methods Plasma amylase (pancreatic and total) activity and concentration were measured in 11 controls and in PD patients treated with glucose ( n = 11) and icodextrin ( n = 19). The plasma was spiked with G7 and/or synthetic amylase and the metabolites formed were measured by HPLC following incubation at 37°C for 4 hours. Results The relationship between amylase activity and amylase concentration was similar in all patients and controls. The G7 degradation rate was slower in plasma from icodextrin patients but it was also reduced in patients using glucose compared with the controls, in spite of the higher amylase activity in the glucose group. Normalization (by spiking) of patient plasma with porcine amylase increased but did not normalize the speed of G7 degradation. At a given endogenous amylase activity level, the efficiency of G7 degradation was similar for both patient groups. Conclusions An ex vivo model to study the relationship between amylase activity and the actual rate of carbohydrate (represented by G7) breakdown was developed and showed that PD patients using glucose and icodextrin degrade G7 at a slower speed than controls. This suggests that amylase-mediated carbohydrate metabolism is reduced in PD patients. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm if these findings hold true also in other groups of uremic patients with varying degrees of kidney failure, as well as in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

The Relationship between Kt/VUrea and Npna in Anuric Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Comparison with Predialysis Patients

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 509-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Maarten A.M. Jansen ◽  
Johanna C. Korevaar ◽  
Friedo W. Dekker ◽  
Kitty J. Jager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Urea Clearance ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urine Production ◽  
The Relationship

Objective It is unknown whether a given level of urea clearance by the native kidneys provides better or similar control of uremia than the same level of urea clearance by continuous peritoneal dialysis (PD). More insight into possible differences between renal and peritoneal urea clearances is warranted. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between Kt/Vurea and protein equivalent of total nitrogen appearance normalized to body weight (nPNA), the relationship between urea clearance and creatinine appearance, and other nutritional parameters in PD patients without residual renal function, and in predialysis end-stage renal disease patients. Patients All patients participated in the Netherlands Cooperative Study on the Adequacy of Dialysis. This is a prospective cohort study of incident dialysis patients, in whom regular assessments of renal function are done. A group of 75 PD patients was identified at the first follow-up assessment in which their urine production was less than 100 mL/day. These patients were considered the anuric group. This group was compared with a control group of 97 predialysis patients studied 0 – 4 weeks before the start of dialysis treatment. Results Linear relationships were present between Kt/Vurea and nPNA, in both the predialysis patients and the anuric PD patients. A significant difference was present between the slopes of the two regression lines (0.40 vs 0.18, p = 0.007). When Kt/Vurea exceeded 1.3/week, a given level of Kt/Vurea was associated with a higher nPNA in predialysis than in anuric PD patients. Similar relationships were found between Kturea and PNA. Kturea was also significantly related to urine or dialysate creatinine appearance. A significant difference existed between the slopes of the regression lines in the two groups of patients ( p < 0.001). A weekly Kturea of 70 L was associated with a urine creatinine appearance of 11.0 mmol/day and a dialysate creatinine appearance of 8.4 mmol/day. Nutritional status measured with creatinine appearance and Subjective Global Assessment was better in the predialysis population, despite much lower values for Kt/Vurea in these patients. Conclusions The relationship between Kt/Vurea and nPNA in anuric PD patients is different from that in a predialysis population. It follows from our results that, when Kt/Vurea is above 1.3/week, a given level of Kt/Vurea is associated with a higher nPNA in predialysis than in anuric PD patients. This challenges the concept of equivalency between renal and peritoneal Kt/Vurea with respect to control of uremic morbidity.

Low Seroconversion with Hepatitis B Vaccination in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul N. Khan ◽  
Judy Bernardini ◽  
Raymond M. Rault ◽  
Beth Piraino
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Seroconversion Rate ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Recombinant Hepatitis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Main Outcome Measure

Objective To compare seroconversion using hepatitis B vaccine between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Design Data on PD patients vaccinated were collected retrospectively for the period 1992 to 1995. The data on HD patients were collected prospectively from 1991 to 1994. Setting A university outpatient dialysis center. Participants All adult patients who received all four doses of hepatitis B vaccine while on dialysis were included (47 PD and 50 HD patients). Intervention Recombinant hepatitis B vaccine (Engerix), 40 μg IM was administered at 0, 1, 2, and 6 months. Main Outcome Measure Seroconversion was measured after completion of the vaccination series. Results 74% of the HD patients seroconverted compared to 53 % of PD patients (p = 0.03). Older, heavier patients compared to all the other patients had a lower seroconversion rate in both the HD patients (55 % vs. 78 %) and PD patients (38 % vs. 59 %) (p = 0.03). Conclusion The seroconversion rate to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine is lower in patients on PD than on HD for unclear reasons. Further studies are required to determine the etiology of this difference.

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