On the Use of Parallel Processing for Interactive Analysis of Large GIS Datasets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Marciano ◽  
Marc P. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Parallel Processing ◽  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Interpolation Algorithm ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Decomposition Strategies ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Gis Software

The computational intensity of analytical operations provided in GIS software can introduce disruptive computationally-induced latencies into decision-making processes. Though parallel processing can be used to improve the performance of GIS operations, the geographical configuration of input datasets can degrade performance when particular data decomposition strategies are used. We outline this problem and demonstrate its effects in a set of computational experiments. These experiments use a spatial interpolation algorithm to process datasets that contain three levels of control point density that are arranged in different geographical orientations. Finally, we suggest strategies to overcome the problem that are based on a preliminary assessment of input datasets.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Precise Fertilization Prescription Rates to a Conventional Approach Based on the Open Source GIS Software

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Mladen Jurišić ◽  
◽  
Dorijan Radočaj ◽  
Ivan Plaščak ◽  
Irena Rapčan
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Conventional Approach ◽  
Optimal Interpolation ◽  
Phosphorous Pentoxide ◽  
Open Source Gis ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Gis Software

Fertilization is one of the most important components of precision agriculture, ensuring high and stable crop yields. The process of spatial interpolation of soil sample data is recognized as a reliable method of determining the prescription rates for precise fertilization. However, the application of a free open-source geographic information system (GIS) software was often overlooked in the process. In this study, a method of precise fertilization prescription map creation was developed using an open-source GIS software to enable a wider and cheaper availability of its application. The study area covered three independent locations in Osijek-Baranja County. A method was developed for the fertilization of sugar beet with phosphorous pentoxide, but its application is universal with regard to the crop type. An ordinary kriging was determined as an optimal interpolation method for spatial interpolation, with the mean RMSE of 1.8754 and R2of 0.6955. By comparing the precision fertilization prescription rates to a conventional approach, the differences of 4.1 kg ha-1 for Location 1, 15.8 kg ha-1 for Location 2, and 11.2 kg ha-1 for Location 3 were observed. These values indicate a general deficit in soil phosphorous pentoxide, and precise fertilization could ensure its optimal content in the future sowing seasons.

Constitutionalizing Public Participation in Kenya

2018 ◽  
pp. 189-216
Author(s):  
Jill Cottrell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
National Level ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Public Input ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
History Of ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Examining the Constitution of Kenya 2010, the chapter picks up its concept of public participation in decision-making and a more active form of democracy than simply voting once in five years. In Kenya, Parliament and other legislatures, as well as executive bodies and the judiciary’s administration regularly invite public input into their decision-making processes. The courts have held some legislation, though not at the national level, invalid for want of adequate participation, while the Supreme Court, rather the chief justice, has set out principles of participation in a major judgment. The chapter traces the rationale and the history of this development, and attempts a preliminary assessment of its impact on Kenyan democracy. Suggestions are also made for making public participation more effective.

A calibration method for enhancing robot accuracy through integration of kinematic model and spatial interpolation algorithm

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Junde Qi ◽  
Bing Chen ◽  
Dinghua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Residual Error ◽  
Compensation Method ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Interpolation Algorithm ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Spatial Error ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Absolute Positioning ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Industrial robots are finding their niche in the field of machining due to their advantages of high flexibility, good versatility and low cost. However, limited by the low absolute positioning accuracy, there are still huge obstacles in high precision machining processes such as grinding. Aiming at this problem, a compensation method combining analytical modeling for quantitative errors with spatial interpolation algorithm for random errors is proposed based on the full consideration of the source and characteristics of positioning errors. Firstly, as for the quantitative errors, namely geometric parameter and compliance error in this paper, a kinematics-based error model is constructed taking the coupling effect of errors into consideration. Then avoiding the impact of random errors, the extended Kalman filtering algorithm (EKF) is adopted to identify the error parameters. Secondly, based on the similarity principle of spatial error, spatial interpolation algorithm is used to model the residual error caused by temperature, gear clearance etc. Based on the spatial anisotropy characteristics of robot motion performance, an adaptive mesh division algorithm was proposed to balance the accuracy and efficiency of mesh division. Then, an inverse distance weighted interpolation algorithm considering the influence degree of different joints on the end position was established to improve the approximation accuracy of residual error. Finally, the rough-fine two-stage serial error compensation method was carried out. Experimental results show the mean absolute positioning accuracy is improved from 1.165 mm to 0.106 mm, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the method in this paper.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN INTERPOLASI SPASIAL DENGAN METODE ORDINARY DAN ROBUST KRIGING PADA DATA SPASIAL BERPENCILAN (Studi Kasus: Curah Hujan di Kabupaten Karangasem)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
NI MADE SUMA FRIDAYANI ◽  
I PUTU EKA NILA KENCANA ◽  
KOMANG GDE SUKARSA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Mean Absolute Deviation ◽  
Kriging Method ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Kriging Estimation ◽  
Extreme Observation

Kriging as optimal spatial interpolation can produce less precise predictive value if there are outliers among the data. Outliers defined as extreme observation value of the other observation values that may be caused by faulty record keeping, improper calibration equipment or other posibbilities. Development of Ordinary Kriging method is Robust Kriging which transforms weight of clasic variogram thus become variogram that robust to outlier. The spatial data that used in this research is the spatial data that contains outliers and meet the assumptions of Ordinary Kriging. The analysis showed that the estimation value of Ordinary Kriging and Robust Kriging method is not much different in terms of Mean Absolute Deviation values which generated by both methods. An increase value of Mean Absolute Deviation on Robust Kriging estimation does not indicate that the Ordinary Kriging method is more precise than Robust Kriging method in the rainfall estimates of Amlapura control point remind that Robust Kriging does not eliminate the data of observation such as the Ordinary Kriging method. In general, Ordinary Kriging and Robust Kriging method can estimate the rainfall value of Amlapura control point quite well although it is not able to cover the changes in rainfall value that occurs due to the behavior geographic data.

scholarly journals Studying the growth characteristics of urban trees using an example from Szeged, Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Csenge Kacsova ◽  
Márton Kiss ◽  
Ágnes Gulyás
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Urban Trees ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Gis Software

The spatial expansion of urbanised areas and the steady increase in the urban population, as well as climate change trends, are increasing the need for the development of adequate urban green infrastructure. The social demand for combating climate change is accompanied by the revaluation of green spaces, and in this context woody vegetation plays a key role. In a changing climatic context and under intense anthropogenic stress, the challenge of developing a tree population that is climate-friendly and resistant to disturbance is a major one. In our research, we investigate all growth parameters of the newly planted trees from the start of a street reconstruction involving a complete tree replacement (Gutenberg Street, Szeged). The structural analysis of the revealed not only the growth rate over the 8 years since planting, but also the significant differences between the two sides of the street. In order to find a possible reason for this, we examined (using SAGA GIS software) potential incoming solar radiation of the street, which could explain the significant difference in growth rate. The data collected also provided an opportunity to analyse the allometric relationships. This will partly allow the prediction of the growth rate and can provide baseline data for planning and decision-making processes in the dilemma of whether to retain older trees or plant new stocks.

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