scholarly journals Performance of the MP570T pulse oximeter in volunteers participating in the controlled desaturation study: a comparison of seven probes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
Byung-Moon Choi ◽  
Bong Jin Kang ◽  
Ho-Yong Yun ◽  
Bokyoung Jeon ◽  
Ji-Yeon Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Breathing Circuit ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Hypoxic Gas Mixture ◽  
Finger Probe

Background: The performance of the pulse oximeter was evaluated based on the ISO 80601-2-61:2011 (E) guidelines. This study aimed to determine whether the various finger probes of the MP570T pulse oximeter (MEK-ICS Co., Ltd., Korea) would provide clinically reliable peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) readings over a range of 70100% arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) during non-motion conditions.Methods: Each volunteer (n = 12) was connected to a breathing circuit for the administration of a hypoxic gas mixture. For frequent blood sampling, an arterial cannula was placed in a radial artery. The following seven pulse oximeter probes were simultaneously attached to each volunteer’s fingers: (1) WA-100 reusable finger probe (MEDNIS Co., Ltd., Korea), (2) MDNA disposable finger probe (MEDNIS Co., Ltd.), (3) IS-1011 disposable finger probe (Insung Medical Co., Ltd., Korea), (4) CJ340NA disposable finger probe (CHUN JI IN Medical Co., Ltd., Korea), (5) NellcorTM OxiMax DS-100A reusable finger probe (Medtronic, USA), (6) NellcorTM OxiMax MAX-N disposable finger probe (Medtronic), and (7) OXI-PRO DA disposable finger probe (Bio-Protech Inc., Korea). Results: A total of 275 SpO2-SaO2 pairs were included in the analysis. The accuracy of the root mean square (Arms) of each probe was 2.83%, 3.98%, 3.75%, 6.84%, 3.43%, 5.17%, and 3.84%, respectively.Conclusions: The MP570T pulse oximeter with WA-100 reusable, MDNA disposable, IS-1011 disposable, NellcorTM OxiMax DS-100A reusable, and OXI-PRO DA disposable finger probes meets an acceptable standard of SpO2 accuracy under non-motion conditions.

scholarly journals Is pulse oximeter a reliable tool for non-critically ill patients with COVID-19?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslıhan Gürün Kaya ◽  
Miraç Öz ◽  
İREM AKDEMİR KALKAN ◽  
Ezgi Gülten ◽  
güle AYDIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Introduction: Guidelines recommend using a pulse oximeter rather than arterial blood gas (ABG) for COVID-19 patients. However, significant differences can be observed between oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in some clinical conditions. We aimed to assess the reliability of pulse oximeter in patients with COVID-19 Methods: We retrospectively reviewed ABG analyses and SpO2 levels measured simultaneously with ABG in patients hospitalized in COVID-19 wards. Results: We categorized total 117 patients into two groups; in whom the difference between SpO2 and SaO2 was 4% (acceptable difference) and >4% (large difference). Large difference group exhibited higher neutrophil count, C-reactive protein, ferritin, fibrinogen, D-dimer and lower lymphocyte count. Multivariate analyses revealed that increased fibrinogen, increased ferritin and decreased lymphocyte count were independent risk factors for large difference between SpO2 and SaO2. The total study group demonstrated the negative bias of 4.02% with the limits of agreement of −9.22% to 1.17%. The bias became significantly higher in patients with higher ferritin, fibrinogen levels and lower lymphocyte count. Conclusion: Pulse oximeters may not be sufficient to assess actual oxygen saturation especially in COVID-19 patients with high ferritin and fibrinogen levels and low lymphocyte count low SpO2 measurements.

scholarly journals First Evaluation of a Newly Constructed Underwater Pulse Oximeter for Use in Breath-Holding Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Mulder ◽  
Erika Schagatay ◽  
Arne Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Dropout Rate ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Pulse Oximeters

Studying risk factors in freediving, such as hypoxic blackout, requires development of new methods to enable remote underwater monitoring of physiological variables. We aimed to construct and evaluate a new water- and pressure proof pulse oximeter for use in freediving research. The study consisted of three parts: (I) A submersible pulse oximeter (SUB) was developed on a ruggedized platform for recording of physiological parameters in challenging environments. Two MAX30102 sensors were used to record plethysmograms, and included red and infra-red emitters, diode drivers, photodiode, photodiode amplifier, analog to digital converter, and controller. (II) We equipped 20 volunteers with two transmission pulse oximeters (TPULS) and SUB to the fingers. Arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) were recorded, while breathing room air (21% O2) and subsequently a hypoxic gas (10.7% O2) at rest in dry conditions. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate bias and precision of SUB relative to SpO2 values from TPULS. (III) Six freedivers were monitored with one TPULS and SUB placed at the forehead, during a maximal effort immersed static apnea. For dry baseline measurements (n = 20), SpO2 bias ranged between −0.8 and −0.6%, precision between 1.0 and 1.5%; HR bias ranged between 1.1 and 1.0 bpm, precision between 1.4 and 1.9 bpm. For the hypoxic episode, SpO2 bias ranged between −2.5 and −3.6%, precision between 3.6 and 3.7%; HR bias ranged between 1.4 and 1.9 bpm, precision between 2.0 and 2.1 bpm. Freedivers (n = 6) performed an apnea of 184 ± 53 s. Desaturation- and resaturation response time of SpO2 was approximately 15 and 12 s shorter in SUB compared to TPULS, respectively. Lowest SpO2 values were 76 ± 10% for TPULS and 74 ± 13% for SUB. HR traces for both pulse oximeters showed similar patterns. For static apneas, dropout rate was larger for SUB (18%) than for TPULS (<1%). SUB produced similar SpO2 and HR values as TPULS, both during normoxic and hypoxic breathing (n = 20), and submersed static apneas (n = 6). SUB responds more quickly to changes in oxygen saturation when sensors were placed at the forehead. Further development of SUB is needed to limit signal loss, and its function should be tested at greater depth and lower saturation.

Four Types of Pulse Oximeters Accurately Detect Hypoxia during Low Perfusion and Motion

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Louie ◽  
John R. Feiner ◽  
Philip E. Bickler ◽  
Laura Rhodes ◽  
Michael Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square Error ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pulse Oximeters

Abstract Background Pulse oximeter performance is degraded by motion artifacts and low perfusion. Manufacturers developed algorithms to improve instrument performance during these challenges. There have been no independent comparisons of these devices. Methods We evaluated the performance of four pulse oximeters (Masimo Radical-7, USA; Nihon Kohden OxyPal Neo, Japan; Nellcor N-600, USA; and Philips Intellivue MP5, USA) in 10 healthy adult volunteers. Three motions were evaluated: tapping, pseudorandom, and volunteer-generated rubbing, adjusted to produce photoplethsmogram disturbance similar to arterial pulsation amplitude. During motion, inspired gases were adjusted to achieve stable target plateaus of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) at 75%, 88%, and 100%. Pulse oximeter readings were compared with simultaneous arterial blood samples to calculate bias (oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry [SpO2] − SaO2), mean, SD, 95% limits of agreement, and root mean square error. Receiver operating characteristic curves were determined to detect mild (SaO2 < 90%) and severe (SaO2 < 80%) hypoxemia. Results Pulse oximeter readings corresponding to 190 blood samples were analyzed. All oximeters detected hypoxia but motion and low perfusion degraded performance. Three of four oximeters (Masimo, Nellcor, and Philips) had root mean square error greater than 3% for SaO2 70 to 100% during any motion, compared to a root mean square error of 1.8% for the stationary control. A low perfusion index increased error. Conclusions All oximeters detected hypoxemia during motion and low-perfusion conditions, but motion impaired performance at all ranges, with less accuracy at lower SaO2. Lower perfusion degraded performance in all but the Nihon Kohden instrument. We conclude that different types of pulse oximeters can be similarly effective in preserving sensitivity to clinically relevant hypoxia.

scholarly journals Cerebral Arterial Oxygen Saturation Measurements Using a Fiber-Optic Pulse Oximeter

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Phillips ◽  
R. M. Langford ◽  
S. H. Chang ◽  
K. Maney ◽  
P. A. Kyriacou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen

EVALUATION OF THE OHMEDA BIOX 3700 PULSE OXIMETER DURING RAPID CHANGES IN ARTERIAL OXYGEN SATURATION

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (Supplement 3A) ◽  
pp. A131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Berko ◽  
D. M. Kagle ◽  
C. M. Alexander ◽  
M. Giuffre ◽  
J. B. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Rapid Changes

scholarly journals Exercise peripheral oxygen saturation (Spo2) accurately reflects arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) and predicts mortality in systemic sclerosis

Thorax ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Swigris ◽  
X Zhou ◽  
F S Wamboldt ◽  
R du Bois ◽  
R Keith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation

scholarly journals Accuracy and precision of pulse oximeter at different sensor locations in patients with heart failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Thabet Hassan ◽  
Soher Mostafa Ahmed ◽  
Azza Salah AbdelHaffeez ◽  
Sherif A.A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Background: Despite its wide use in clinical practice, few studies had assessed the role of pulse oximetry in patients with heart failure. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the pulse oximeter in patients with heart failure and to determine this accuracy at three different sensor locations.Methods: Comparison of pulse oximetry reading (SpO2) with arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) was reported in 3 groups of patients with heart failure (HF); those with ejection fraction (EF) >40%, those with EF <40%, and those with acute HF (AHF) with ST and non-ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI and non-STEMI).Results: A total of 235 patients and 90 control subjects were enrolled. There were significant differences in O2 saturation between control and patients’ groups when O2 saturation is measured at the finger and toe, but not the ear probes; p=0.029, p=0.049, and 0.051, respectively. In HF with EF>40% and AHF with O2 saturations >90%, finger oximetry is the most accurate and reliable, while in HF with EF<40% and in patients with AHF with O2 saturations <90%, ear oximetry is the most accurate.Conclusion: Pulse oximetry is a reliable tool in assessing oxygen saturation in patients with heart failure of different severity. In HF with EF>40% and in AHF with O2 saturations >90%, finger oximetry is the most accurate and reliable, while in HF with EF<40% and in patients with AHF with O2 saturations <90%, ear oximetry is the most accurate. Further studies are warranted.

scholarly journals Learning about reflective PPG for SpO2 determination using Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Idoia Badiola Aguirregomezcorta ◽  
Vladimir Blazek ◽  
Steffen Leonhardt ◽  
Christoph Hoog Antink
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Gradient Descent ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation

Abstract Reflective Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors are less obtrusive than transmissive sensors, but they present patient-dependent variations in the so-called “Ratio of Modulation” (R). Thus, the conventionally employed calibration curves for determining peripheral oxygen saturation ( SpO2) may report inaccurate values. In this paper, we study the possibility of overcoming these limitations through Machine Learning (ML). For that, we show the results of applying several algorithms and feature combinations to PPG data from a human hypoxia study. The study was performed on ten healthy subjects. Their target oxygen saturation was reduced in five steps from 98- 100% to 70-77% through an oral mask. Blood Gas Analysis (BGA) was performed five times for each saturation level to measure the arterial oxygen saturation. PPG data were acquired from a reflective pulse oximeter placed in the subjects’ ear canals. PPG signals were pre-processed, and several features in the frequency and temporal domain were calculated. For the ML algorithms’ input, we explored different combinations of the features. We trained and validated the algorithms with the data from seven patients, and we tested them on three. Finally, we performed leaveone- out cross-validation to ensure the universality of the methods. The results show a good agreement of the predictions with the BGA values for Linear Regression, k- Nearest Neighbors, Stochastic Gradient Descent, and Neural Network for all input feature combinations with an average RMSE in the range of 3%. However, the performance of the Linear Regression was not beaten by the Neural Network, even for overfitting with 2000 hidden layers. The combination of R calculated with a Fast-Fourier Transform and ACRMS.red/ACRMS.irsignificantly improved the results, reducing the RMSE by 25%. This work demonstrates that a straight-forward Linear Regression is capable of determining SpO2with reflective PPG independently of the subject if the ratio ACRMS.red/ACRMS.ir is considered simultaneously with the Ratio of Modulation.

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