scholarly journals El ambiente de la semilla en el suelo: su efecto en la germinación y en la sobreviviencia de la plántula

2017 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Lourdes González-Zertuche ◽  
Alma Orozco-Segovia ◽  
Carlos Vázquez Yanes
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Ecological Traits ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Adverse Conditions

<p>Conservation and ecological restoration propose the use of native plants, the knowledge of their physiological and ecological traits and the proper techniques which ameliorate seedling survival in adverse conditions. Priming consists of a regulated hydration in water or osmotic solutions; this permits the improvement of some metabolic processes, but prevents germination. This treatment increased seed vigor with a rapid and uniform germination and development. These advantages induce a valuable improvement on the seed response<br />for applied purposes in agriculture. Because the advantages obtained during priming are kept after seed d e hydration. Seeds develop a natural priming when they lie in the soil. During soil burial , molecular and physiological responses are induced and which are very similar to those mechanisms reported in priming. Burial and natural priming enhancing germination and emergence could have an ecological significance. Effects produced by natural priming probably were selected during the evolution of plants which forms soil<br />seed banks.</p>

Ecological Restoration and Productive Recovery of Saline Environments from the Argentine Monte Desert Using Native Plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 313-338
Author(s):  
Pablo E. Villagra ◽  
Carlos B. Passera ◽  
Silvina Greco ◽  
Carmen E. Sartor ◽  
Pablo A. Meglioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Monte Desert ◽  
Saline Environments

scholarly journals Native generalist consumers interact strongly with seeds of the invasive wild cucumber (Echinocystis lobata)

NeoBiota ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Łukasz Dylewski ◽  
Łukasz Myczko ◽  
Dean E. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Garrulus Glandarius ◽  
Echinocystis Lobata ◽  
Survival Of Seedlings

When alien plant species arrive in a new environment, they develop novel interactions with native biota that can range from negative to positive. Determining the nature and strength of these interactions is integral to understanding why some aliens are suppressed and others become highly invasive pests. For introduced terrestrial plants, seed and seedling interactions with native biota are crucial, because most nascent populations start from seed. Herein, we explored interactions between native generalist rodent and bird consumers and seeds of the invasive wild cucumber Echinocystis lobata by conducting seed-offering experiments in Poland. We also evaluated how interspecific competition from native plants and intraspecific competition from clustering of E. lobata seed (clustering resembling consumer seed caching) affected survival of seedlings and young plants. Native consumers interacted strongly with E. lobata seeds, with rodents removing 98% of seeds from ground locations and birds removing 24% of elevated seeds. Camera and live traps indicated that striped field mice Apodemus agrarius were the predominant rodent removing seeds. Camera traps and visual observations indicated that great tits Parus major and European jays Garrulus glandarius were the primary bird species removing elevated seeds. While some level of seed removal was likely attributable to seed predation, as indicated by seed coat remains, we also observed evidence that rodents may cache E. lobata seeds and Garrulus glandarius are known to cache and disperse seeds. Monitoring of seedlings indicated that increasing cover of native plants and clustering of E. lobata seedlings both reduced survival of seedlings and young plants due to inter- and intraspecific competition, respectively. Hence, caching by generalist consumers may disperse E. lobata seeds, which are heavy and lack dispersal adaptations, but such caching may also reduce individual seedling survival rates. Fully understanding invasion success of the E. lobata will require evaluating the net effects of generalist consumers on its recruitment and dispersal.

Seed-bank contributions to regeneration of shrub species after clear-cutting and burning

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Morgan ◽  
L. F. Neuenschwander
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Seed Density ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Clear Cutting

Seed banks contributed significantly to regeneration of early seral shrubs after clear-cutting and fall broadcast burning of dense coniferous forests of the Thuja plicata/Clintonia uniflora habitat type in northern Idaho. Seeds were separated from 36 samples of soil and surface organic matter from 15 uncut forest stands. Total seed density averaged 1151 ± 1896 seeds/m2, and seed density for individual shrub species ranged from 1 ± 3 to 690 ± 1728 seeds/m2. Canopy cover of the "obligate" seed bank species, such as Ceanothus sanguineus and Prunus emarginata, was low or nonexistent in uncut forests, seed constancy and density in seed bank were high, and seedling regeneration on 2-year-old burns was abundant. Species that were "non-reliant" on seed banks, including Symphoricarpos albus and Rosa gymnocarpa, resprouted and no seedlings were found after burning. Response of "opportunistic" seed-bank species such as Rubus parviflorus and Rubus ursinus was intermediate; both seedling and sprout regeneration occurred after cutting and burning. These species existed in uncut stands both in the seed bank and in the understory. Burn severity affected germination and (or) seedling survival of Ceanothus sanguineus. Its percent canopy cover was greater on high-severity than on low-severity 2-year-old burns.

scholarly journals Seed encrusting with salicylic acid: A novel approach to improve establishment of grass species in ecological restoration

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0242035
Author(s):  
Simone Pedrini ◽  
Jason C. Stevens ◽  
Kingsley W. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Survival And Growth

To achieve global ambitions in large scale ecological restoration, there is a need for approaches that improve the efficiency of seed-based interventions, particularly in overcoming the bottleneck in the transition from germination to seedling establishment. In this study, we tested a novel seed-based application of the plant stress modulator compound salicylic acid as a means to reduce seedling losses in the seed-to-seedling phase. Seed coating technology (encrusting) was developed as a precursor for optimising field sowing for three grass species commonly used in restoration programs, Austrostipa scabra, Microlaena stipoides, and Rytidosperma geniculatum. Salicylic acid (SA, 0.1mM) was delivered to seeds via imbibition and seed encrusting. The effects of SA on seed germination were examined under controlled water-limited conditions (drought resilience) in laboratory setting and on seed germination, seedling emergence, seedling growth and plant survival in field conditions. Salicylic acid did not impact germination under water stress in controlled laboratory conditions and did not affect seedling emergence in the field. However, seedling survival and growth were improved in plants grown from SA treated seeds (imbibed and encrusted) under field conditions. When SA delivery methods of imbibing and coating were compared, there was no significant difference in survival and growth, showing that seed coating has potential to deliver SA. Effect of intraspecific competition as a result of seedling density was also considered. Seedling survival over the dry summer season was more than double at low seedling density (40 plants/m2) compared to high seedling density (380 plants/m2). Overall, adjustment of seeding rate according to expected emergence combined with the use of salicylic acid via coating could improve seed use efficiency in seed-based restoration.

scholarly journals (306) Growing Native Plants from Seed in Public Workshops

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1060C-1060
Author(s):  
Margaret Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Plant Propagation ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Seed Propagation

Five Utah Native Plant Propagation workshops during Mar. 2005 supplied 100 participants with specialized containers and potting mix, native plant seed, resource booklet, lecture, and instructor supervision during the hands-on workshop portion. Forty-three participants responded to a Sept. 2005 follow-up survey. Seedling survival averaged 6.4 seedlings per tray of 72 cells, or 8.8%. Only 36% of the participants used the resource booklet after the workshop. Most survey respondents did not cite particular reasons for seedling failure. Seed propagation workshops are challenging due to: 1) wide variance in participants' horticultural experience; 2) limited materials and resources; and 3) inherent inconsistencies in native plant seed viability. Before attending future seed propagation workshops, registrants will receive seedling cultivation information to improve success rates.

Longevity and germination ecology of seeds of endemic Cactaceae species from high-altitude sites in south-eastern Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Loureiro Cheib ◽  
Queila Souza Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Absolute Requirement ◽  
Germination Behaviour ◽  
Germination Experiments

AbstractThe influence of light and temperature on germination behaviour and the longevity of seeds were evaluated in four taxa of the genusArthrocereus(Cactaceae). Germination experiments were conducted at six constant temperatures with a 12-h photoperiod and in continuous darkness. Forin situstorage tests, the seeds were buried in the soil where the species naturally occur, and germination experiments were performed for 14 months. Seeds were also stored dry at room temperature in the laboratory for 12 months. The results indicated that, in spite of the variations between the four taxa studied, there is a consistent pattern in their germination behaviour. The seeds are small, with an absolute requirement of light for germination. In the presence of light, we obtained high germinability at temperatures between 20 and 30°C and low germination percentages at 10, 15 and 35°C. This behaviour may represent an adaptive mechanism during seasons when environmental conditions in open rocky fields are not favourable for seedling survival. In general, germination was relatively slow, which would favour establishment during the rainy season. Dry storage did not significantly alter seed germination behaviour, and buried seeds, likewise, remained viable and retained high germination percentages. We can therefore infer that the seeds of the species studied here are able to form persistent soil seed-banks. All studied species are threatened with extinction, so their ability to form soil seed-banks, together with the possibility ofex situseed preservation, will possibly give support for future conservation efforts.

Interaction of soil burial and smoke on germination patterns in seeds of selected Australian native plants

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 69-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tieu ◽  
K. W. Dixon ◽  
K. A. Meney ◽  
K. Sivasithamparam
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Soil Burial ◽  
Australian Native Plants

scholarly journals Physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds harvested at different periods and submitted to storage1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Joacir Mario Zuffo Júnior ◽  
Everton Vinicius Zambiazzi ◽  
Fábio Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Plant Dry Mass

ABSTRACT Delayed harvesting may affect the physiological quality of soybean seeds, due to adverse conditions in the field. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds (BRS 820 RR® cultivar) harvested at eight periods (0; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; and 35 days after the R8 phenological stage - full maturity) and stored for two periods (0 and 8 months). The following evaluations were carried out: moisture content, germination and emergence rate, emergence speed index, total plant dry mass, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, mechanical damage, vigor and viability (tetrazolium) and sanitary quality of the seeds. The delayed harvesting of soybean seeds from 10 days after R8 impairs seed vigor and germination, in addition to increase the incidence of pathogens. Regardless of the harvesting period, the soybean seeds stored for eight months showed a reduction in their physiological quality, with an increase in the incidence of Phomopsis spp.

Seed banks of an Arizona Pinus ponderosa landscape: responses to environmental gradients and fire cues

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 552-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott R. Abella ◽  
Judith D. Springer ◽  
W. Wallace Covington
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Seed Density ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Tree Canopies ◽  
Dense Tree

We measured soil seed banks in 102 plots within a 110 000 ha Arizona Pinus ponderosa landscape, determined seed-bank responses to fire cues and tree canopy types (open or densely treed patches), compared seed-bank composition among ecosystem types, and assessed the utility of seed banks for ecological restoration. Liquid smoke was associated with increased community-level emergence from seed banks in greenhouse experiments, whereas heating to 100 °C had minimal effect and charred P. ponderosa wood decreased emergence. We detected 103 species in seed-bank samples and 280 species in aboveground vegetation. Erigeron divergens was the commonest seed-bank species; with the exception of Gnaphalium exilifolium , species detected in seed banks also occurred above ground. Although a dry, sandy-textured black-cinder ecosystem exhibited the greatest seed density, seed-bank composition was more ecosystem-specific than was seed density. Native graminoids (e.g., Carex geophila and Muhlenbergia montana ) were common in seed banks, whereas perennial forbs were sparse, particularly under dense tree canopies. Our results suggest that (i) smoke may increase emergence from seed banks in these forests, (ii) seed banks can assist establishment of major graminoids but not forbs during ecological restoration, and (iii) seed-bank composition is partly ecosystem-specific across the landscape.

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