Three-Dimensional Printing in Cardiovascular Disease: Verification of Diagnostic Accuracy of 3D Printed Models

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is increasingly used in medical applications with most of the studies focusing on its applications in medical education and training, pre-surgical planning and simulation, and doctor-patient communication. An emerging area of utilising 3D printed models lies in the development of cardiac computed tomography (CT) protocols for visualisation and detection of cardiovascular disease. Specifically, 3D printed heart and cardiovascular models have shown potential value in the evaluation of coronary plaques and coronary stents, aortic diseases and detection of pulmonary embolism. This review article provides an overview of the clinical value of 3D printed models in these areas with regard to the development of optimal CT scanning protocols for both diagnostic evaluation of cardiovascular disease and reduction of radiation dose. The expected outcomes are to encourage further research towards this direction.

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Influence of the Infill Geometry of 3D-Printed Tablets on Drug Dissolution

Medical Sciences Forum ◽

10.3390/msf2021005015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Nuno Venâncio ◽

Gabriela G. Pereira ◽

João F. Pinto ◽

Ana I. Fernandes

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Drug Dissolution ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

3D Printed ◽

Dimensional Printing ◽

Hot Melt ◽

Patient Centric

Patient-centric therapy is especially important in pediatrics and may be attained by three-dimensional printing. Filaments containing 30% w/w of theophylline were produced by hot-melt extrusion and printed using fused deposition modelling to produce tablets. Here, preliminary results evaluating the effect of infill geometry (cross, star, grid) on drug content and release are reported.

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Three-dimensional printed degradable splint in the treatment of pulmonary artery sling associated with severe bilateral bronchus stenosis

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951118001579 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1477-1480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yuehu Han ◽

Qiang Yin ◽

Yuan Wang ◽

Hongliang Zhao ◽

Jiankang He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Pulmonary Artery ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Pulmonary Artery Sling ◽

Tracheobronchial Stenosis ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Dimensional Printing

AbstractPulmonary artery sling is a congenital cardiovascular disease and is usually accompanied by tracheobronchial stenosis. Generally, infants diagnosed with pulmonary artery sling should have surgery. However, the treatment of tracheobronchial stenosis is still controversial. Our team developed a customised, degradable, three-dimensional printed splint and successfully applied it in the treatment of pulmonary artery sling associated with severe bilateral bronchus stenosis. We suggested that three-dimensional printing may be a novel and effective way to treat tracheobronchial stenosis and other diseases in children.

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3D-Printed Conductive Filaments Based on Carbon Nanostructures Embedded in a Polymer Matrix

Research Anthology on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-8591-7.ch072 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1725-1742

Author(s):

Diogo José Horst ◽

Pedro Paulo Andrade Junior

Keyword(s):

Polymer Matrix ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Full Potential ◽

Electrically Conductive ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Current State ◽

3D Printed ◽

The Subject ◽

Dimensional Printing

Conductive and magnetic filaments are revolutionizing three-dimensional printing (3DP) to a new level. This review study presents the current state of the art on the subject, summarizing recent high impact studies about main advances regarding the application of 3DP filaments based on carbon nanostructures such as graphene, carbon fibers, nanotubes, and conductive carbon black embedded in a polymer matrix, by reviewing its main characteristics and showing the main producers and also the products available on the market. The availability of inexpensive, reliable, and electrically conductive material will be indispensable for the fabrication of circuits and sensors before the full potential of 3DP for customized products incorporating electrical elements can be fully explored.

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3D-Printed Soft Structure of Polyurethane and Magnetorheological Fluid: A Proof-of-Concept Investigation of its Stiffness Tunability

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi10100655 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 655 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Seong-Woo Hong ◽

Ji-Young Yoon ◽

Seong-Hwan Kim ◽

Sun-Kon Lee ◽

Yong-Rae Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Permanent Magnets ◽

Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Magnetorheological Fluid ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

3D Printed ◽

Dimensional Printing

In this study, a soft structure with its stiffness tunable by an external field is proposed. The proposed soft beam structure consists of a skin structure with channels filled with a magnetorheological fluid (MRF). Two specimens of the soft structure are fabricated by three-dimensional printing and fused deposition modeling. In the fabrication, a nozzle is used to obtain channels in the skin of the thermoplastic polyurethane, while another nozzle is used to fill MRF in the channels. The specimens are tested by using a universal tensile machine to evaluate the relationships between the load and deflection under two different conditions, without and with permanent magnets. It is empirically shown that the stiffness of the proposed soft structure can be altered by activating the magnetic field.

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Three-Dimensional Printing of Prenatal Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Cleft Lip and Palate: Presenting the Needed “Know-How” and Discussing Its Use in Parental Education

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1177/1055665620926348 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (8) ◽

pp. 1041-1044

Author(s):

Matthias Schlund ◽

Jean-Marc Levaillant ◽

Romain Nicot

Keyword(s):

Parental Education ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Cleft Lip And Palate ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Prenatal Counseling ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

3D Printed ◽

3D Information ◽

Dimensional Printing

Parental prenatal counseling is of paramount significance since parents often experience an emotional crisis with feelings of disappointment and helplessness. Three-dimensional (3D) printed model of the unborn child’s face presenting with cleft lip and palate, based on ultrasonographic information, could be used to provide visual 3D information, further enhancing the prospective parent’s comprehension of their unborn child’s pathology and morphology, helping them to be psychologically prepared and improving the communication with the caretaking team. Prospective parents appreciate if prenatal counseling is available with the most detailed information as well as additional resources. The technique necessary to create 3D models after ultrasonographic information is explained, and the related costs are evaluated. The use of such models in parental education is then discussed.

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3D-Printed Conductive Filaments Based on Carbon Nanostructures Embedded in a Polymer Matrix

International Journal of Applied Nanotechnology Research ◽

10.4018/ijanr.2019010103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 26-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diogo José Horst ◽

Pedro Paulo Andrade Junior

Keyword(s):

Polymer Matrix ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Full Potential ◽

Electrically Conductive ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Current State ◽

3D Printed ◽

The Subject ◽

Dimensional Printing

Conductive and magnetic filaments are revolutionizing three-dimensional printing (3DP) to a new level. This review study presents the current state of the art on the subject, summarizing recent high impact studies about main advances regarding the application of 3DP filaments based on carbon nanostructures such as graphene, carbon fibers, nanotubes, and conductive carbon black embedded in a polymer matrix, by reviewing its main characteristics and showing the main producers and also the products available on the market. The availability of inexpensive, reliable, and electrically conductive material will be indispensable for the fabrication of circuits and sensors before the full potential of 3DP for customized products incorporating electrical elements can be fully explored.

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Utility of Three-Dimensional Printing for Preoperative Assessment of Children with Extra-Cranial Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review

Pediatric Reports ◽

10.3390/pediatric14010006 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39

Author(s):

Sachit Anand ◽

Nellai Krishnan ◽

Prabudh Goel ◽

Anjan Kumar Dhua ◽

Vishesh Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

3D Printing ◽

Solid Tumors ◽

Surgical Planning ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Printing Technology ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

3D Printed ◽

Dimensional Printing

Background: In cases with solid tumors, preoperative radiological investigations provide valuable information on the anatomy of the tumor and the adjoining structures, thus helping in operative planning. However, due to a two-dimensional view in these investigations, a detailed spatial relationship is difficult to decipher. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) printing technology provides a precise topographic view to perform safe surgical resections of these tumors. This systematic review aimed to summarize and analyze current evidence on the utility of 3D printing in pediatric extra-cranial solid tumors. Methods: The present study was registered on PROSPERO—international prospective register of systematic reviews (registration number: CRD42020206022). PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases were explored with appropriate search criteria to select the relevant studies. Data were extracted to study the bibliographic information of each article, the number of patients in each study, age of the patient(s), type of tumor, organ of involvement, application of 3D printing (surgical planning, training, and/or parental education). The details of 3D printing, such as type of imaging used, software details, printing technique, printing material, and cost were also synthesized. Results: Eight studies were finally included in the systematic review. Three-dimensional printing technology was used in thirty children with Wilms tumor (n = 13), neuroblastoma (n = 7), hepatic tumors (n = 8), retroperitoneal tumor (n = 1), and synovial sarcoma (n = 1). Among the included studies, the technology was utilized for preoperative surgical planning (five studies), improved understanding of the surgical anatomy of solid organs (two studies), and improving the parental understanding of the tumor and its management (one study). Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were either performed alone or in combination for radiological evaluation in these children. Different types of printers and printing materials were used in the included studies. The cost of the 3D printed models and time involved (range 10 h to 4–5 days) were reported by two studies each. Conclusions: 3D printed models can be of great assistance to pediatric surgeons in understanding the spatial relationships of tumors with the adjacent anatomic structures. They also facilitate the understanding of families, improving doctor–patient communication.

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Clinical Applications of Three-Dimensional Printing in Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular Imaging Asia ◽

10.22468/cvia.2018.00094 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Akira Kurata ◽

Yasushi Koyama ◽

Takashi Shirakawa ◽

Toru Miyoshi

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Dimensional Printing

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Metabolism Control in 3D Printed Living Materials

10.1101/2021.01.15.426505 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tobias Butelmann ◽

Hans Priks ◽

Zoel Parent ◽

Trevor G. Johnston ◽

Tarmo Tamm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Microbial Cell Factories ◽

Cell Factories ◽

Brewing Process ◽

3D Printed ◽

Dimensional Printing ◽

Living Materials

AbstractThe three-dimensional printing of cells offers an attractive opportunity to design and develop innovative biotechnological applications, such as the fabrication of biosensors or modular bioreactors. Living materials (LMs) are cross-linked polymeric hydrogel matrices containing cells, and recently, one of the most deployed LMs consists of F127-bis-urethane methacrylate (F127-BUM). The material properties of F127-BUM allow reproducible 3D printing and stability of LMs in physiological environments. These materials are permissible for small molecules like glucose and ethanol. However, no information is available for oxygen, which is essential— for example, towards the development of aerobic bioprocesses using microbial cell factories. To address this challenge, we investigated the role of oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor in the budding yeast’s respiratory chain and determined its permissibility in LMs. We quantified the ability of cell-retaining LMs to utilize oxygen and compared it with cells in suspension culture. We found that the cells’ ability to consume oxygen was heavily impaired inside LMs, indicating that the metabolism mostly relied on fermentation instead of respiration. To demonstrate an application of these 3D printed LMs, we evaluated a comparative brewing process. The analysis showed a significantly higher (3.7%) ethanol production using 3D printed LMs than traditional brewing, indicating an efficient control of the metabolism. Towards molecular and systems biology studies using LMs, we developed a highly reliable method to isolate cells from LMs for flow cytometry and further purified macromolecules (proteins, RNA, and DNA). Our results show the application of F127-BUM-based LMs for microaerobic processes and envision the development of diverse bioprocesses using versatile LMs in the future.

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