scholarly journals Developing the common law crime murder in relation to physician-assisted suicide and physician-assisted euthanasia: Revisiting the missteps of Stransham-Ford v Minister of Justice and Correctional Development 2015 (4) SA 50 (G)

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntokozo Mnyandu
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Artificial Immune ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Internet Of Things

SUMMARY Digitisation of information compels a revision of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and its associated technologies. This arises because 4IR technologies, for example, the Internet of Things (IoT), Big or Massive Data, Artificial intelligence (AI), augmented or virtual reality and machine learning, drastically adjust the manner in which an information society operates. Specifically, they present unprecedented opportunities for business, economy and online user or consumers. Furthermore, they profoundly model and re-model productions. As a result, the conventional lines between the physical, digital and biological spheres become imprecise. Given the extent of the transformation that 4IR technologies bring to society, it has become necessary to refer to them as the disruptive technologies. However, the inquiry is to what extent is the information society ready to take advantage of disruptive technologies and control some of the setbacks that emanate from therefrom? For regulatory purposes, how electronic or e-ready regulators are to control the adverse consequences that are associated with disruptive technologies? To address these questions, this paper discusses some of the selected theories for technology regulations (artificial immune system (AIS) theory and theory for Lex Informatica). The theories are not technology regulations, as such. Simply, they concede that technology regulations should encourage a proper scrutiny of the position of the technologies in the information society.

scholarly journals Disruptive technologies and the future of regulations - ICT regulatory structure(s) determined

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mzukisi N Njontini
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Artificial Immune System ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Artificial Immune ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Digitisation of information compels a revision of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and its associated technologies. This arises because 4IR technologies, for example, the Internet of Things (IoT), Big or Massive Data, Artificial intelligence (AI), augmented or virtual reality and machine learning, drastically adjust the manner in which an information society operates. Specifically, they present unprecedented opportunities for business, economy and online user or consumers. Furthermore, they profoundly model and re-model productions. As a result, the conventional lines between the physical, digital and biological spheres become imprecise. Given the extent of the transformation that 4IR technologies bring to society, it has become necessary to refer to them as the disruptive technologies. However, the inquiry is to what extent is the information society ready to take advantage of disruptive technologies and control some of the setbacks that emanate from therefrom? For regulatory purposes, how electronic or e-ready regulators are to control the adverse consequences that are associated with disruptive technologies? To address these questions, this paper discusses some of the selected theories for technology regulations (artificial immune system (AIS) theory and theory for Lex Informatica). The theories are not technology regulations, as such. Simply, they concede that technology regulations should encourage a proper scrutiny of the position of the technologies in the information society.

scholarly journals Diseño de un Modelo Predictivo en el Contexto Industria 4.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Inés Sittón Candanedo ◽  
Sarah Rodríguez González ◽  
Lilia Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Bayes Algorithm ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Maintenance Model ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT), the development and installation of advanced sensors for data collection, computer solutions for remote connection and other disruptive technologies are marking a transformation process in the industry; giving rise to what various sectors have called the fourth industrial revolution or Industry 4.0. With this process of change, organizations face both new opportunities and challenges. This article focuses on the modeling and integration of industrial data, generated by sensors installed in machines. The extraction of patterns is proposed, using data fusion techniques that allow the design of a predictive maintenance model. Finally, a case study is presented with a database that is applied to the Naive Bayes Algorithm to obtain predictions.Keywords: Industry 4.0, Sensors, Internet of Things, Pattern Extraction, Omnibus Models. 

scholarly journals Using Augmented Reality and Internet of Things for Control and Monitoring of Mechatronic Devices

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Erich Stark ◽  
Erik Kučera ◽  
Oto Haffner ◽  
Peter Drahoš ◽  
Roman Leskovský
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Mechatronic Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
Machine Interface ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Internet Of Things

At present, computer networks are no longer used to connect just personal computers. Smaller devices can connect to them even at the level of individual sensors and actuators. This trend is due to the development of modern microcontrollers and singleboard computers which can be easily connected to the global Internet. The result is a new paradigm—the Internet of Things (IoT) as an integral part of the Industry 4.0; without it, the vision of the fourth industrial revolution would not be possible. In the field of digital factories it is a natural successor of the machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. Presently, mechatronic systems in IoT networks are controlled and monitored via industrial HMI (human-machine interface) panels, console, web or mobile applications. Using these conventional control and monitoring methods of mechatronic systems within IoT networks, this method may be fully satisfactory for smaller rooms. Since the list of devices fits on one screen, we can monitor the status and control these devices almost immediately. However, in the case of several rooms or buildings, which is the case of digital factories, ordinary ways of interacting with mechatronic systems become cumbersome. In such case, there is the possibility to apply advanced digital technologies such as extended (computer-generated) reality. Using these technologies, digital (computer-generated) objects can be inserted into the real world. The aim of this article is to describe design and implementation of a new method for control and monitoring of mechatronic systems connected to the IoT network using a selected segment of extended reality to create an innovative form of HMI.

scholarly journals INTRODUCING INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) FOR A COMMUNITY VILLAGE BASED ON INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Sri Ratna Sulistiyanti ◽  
F.X. Arinto Setyawan ◽  
M. Komarudin ◽  
Warsono Warsono
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Gathering Place ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
And Training ◽  
Share Information

AbstractA house is a gathering place for a family, where each family member has a different passion and busyness. If at any time a family member is traveling and wants to monitor and control conditions from a distance, an electronic device is used. One solution to determine the condition of home security at all times, an internet connection is needed by using the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT is a concept of using an internet network to transfer data or share information with certain applications. The IoT concept is one of the IR 4.0 based systems. In Indonesia, the system has not been widely implemented, especially for village areas. The purpose of this activity is to introduce the concept of IoT in a region as a system of monitoring and controlling homes. The method used is socialization and training of IoT-based smart home models. The system that is introduced is setting lights, monitoring gas (kitchen security), and monitoring using a camera. The results obtained were an increase in knowledge from 45.4% to 79%, and increased skills from 33% to 63%.Keywords: IoT, Village, Industrial Revolution 4.0.

scholarly journals The Instability of the Standard Justification for Physician-Assisted Suicide

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
THOMAS A. CAVANAUGH
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Natural Connection ◽  
The Common

Proponents commonly justify the legalization of physician-assisted suicide (PAS) in terms of a patient's wanting to die (autonomy) and the patient's having a medically established good reason for suicide. These are the common elements of the standard justification offered for the legalization of PAS. In what follows, I argue that these two conditions exist in significant tension with one another, operating according to distinct dynamics that render the justification for PAS an unstable “let it be so” basis for public policy. Moreover, no natural connection keeps these two criteria united. Indeed—as I argue—the two elements of the justification oppose and threaten to exclude one another. Thus, the PAS justification is too labile a basis for sound public policy.

scholarly journals Digital Scientist 2035—An Outlook on Innovation and Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Barbazzeni ◽  
Michael Friebe
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
New Era ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
To Come ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Internet Of Things

With the advent of the fourth industrial revolution accompanied by the Internet of Things, the implementation of smart technologies and digitalization already had a great impact in our society, especially when considering exponential innovation and human development. In this context, some types of employment have already been replaced or have been enhanced by the use of robots, human-machines interfaces and Artificial Intelligence systems. And there is likely more to come. If innovation can be viewed as a direct or indirect outcome of scientific research, which role will a scientist play in 2035? We developed a survey to investigate the opinions of scientists with respect to the possible future implementation of disruptive technologies, their feelings and approaches to digitalization, and particularly the impact of digital transformation on scientific education. In a futuristic scenario, we can imagine that scientists will be supported by technologies, carrying out numerous experiments, managing big datasets, producing accurate results, increasing communication, openness and collaboration among the worldwide scientific community, where ethics, regulations and social norms will always be observed. The new era of Digital Science is coming, in which humans will start to incorporate more disruptive and advanced technologies into their daily life; essential aspects for exponential innovation and development.

Euthanasia and Related Practices Worldwide

Crisis ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Kelleher † ◽  
Derek Chambers ◽  
Paul Corcoran ◽  
Helen S Keeley ◽  
Eileen Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
International Association ◽  
Active Euthanasia ◽  
Physician Assisted Suicide ◽  
Passive Euthanasia ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
General Acceptance ◽  
International Importance ◽  
Controversial Area ◽  
Active And Passive Euthanasia

The present paper examines the occurrence of matters relating to the ending of life, including active euthanasia, which is, technically speaking, illegal worldwide. Interest in this most controversial area is drawn from many varied sources, from legal and medical practitioners to religious and moral ethicists. In some countries, public interest has been mobilized into organizations that attempt to influence legislation relating to euthanasia. Despite the obvious international importance of euthanasia, very little is known about the extent of its practice, whether passive or active, voluntary or involuntary. This examination is based on questionnaires completed by 49 national representatives of the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP), dealing with legal and religious aspects of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, as well as suicide. A dichotomy between the law and medical practices relating to the end of life was uncovered by the results of the survey. In 12 of the 49 countries active euthanasia is said to occur while a general acceptance of passive euthanasia was reported to be widespread. Clearly, definition is crucial in making the distinction between active and passive euthanasia; otherwise, the entire concept may become distorted, and legal acceptance may become more widespread with the effect of broadening the category of individuals to whom euthanasia becomes an available option. The “slippery slope” argument is briefly considered.

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