scholarly journals Effect of Moistube and subsurface drip irrigation on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (l.) Walp) production in South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Kimutai Kanda ◽  
Aidan Senzanje ◽  
Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Moistube irrigation (MTI) is a new subsurface irrigation technology where the water emits from a semi-permeable membrane at a slow rate depending on applied pressure and soil water potential. There is lack of information on how various crops respond to MTI. This study determined growth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) under varying water regimes under MTI and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), using field and glasshouse experiments in summer and winter of 2018, respectively. A split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks, replicated 3 times, with SDI as the control experiment was used. The main plot was irrigation type while the sub-plots were the water regimes. The water treatments consisted of full irrigation (100% of crop water requirement (ETc)), and deficit irrigation (DI) of 70% ETc and 40% ETc. Water deficit had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on time to flowering; plants under 40% ETc flowered 14 days earlier than plants at 100% ETc. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in yield components. Grain yields were 1 280 kg∙ha-1, 2 401 kg∙ha-1 and 3 189 kg∙ha-1 for 40% ETc, 70% ETc and 100% ETc, respectively, but no significant (p > 0.05) differences were recorded between SDI and MTI. However, at 40% ETc, SDI had 15% higher yield than MTI. Biomass varied significantly (p < 0.05) with irrigation type and water treatment. Grain WUE varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the water regimes. The highest WUE was achieved under SDI at 70% ETc but was not significantly different from that under MTI at 70% ETc.  In conclusion, performance of cowpea was similar under the two irrigation systems under moderate DI but was better for SDI under severe DI with respect to biomass and WUE for the summer trial. Moderate DI improved the grain WUE while all the DI conditions improved the biomass WUE.

scholarly journals Effect of Moistube and subsurface drip irrigation on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (l.) Walp) production in South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Kimutai Kanda ◽  
Aidan Senzanje ◽  
Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Moistube irrigation (MTI) is a new subsurface irrigation technology where the water emits from a semi-permeable membrane at a slow rate depending on applied pressure and soil water potential. There is lack of information on how various crops respond to MTI. This study determined growth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) under varying water regimes under MTI and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), using field and glasshouse experiments in summer and winter of 2018, respectively. A split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks, replicated 3 times, with SDI as the control experiment was used. The main plot was irrigation type while the sub-plots were the water regimes. The water treatments consisted of full irrigation (100% of crop water requirement (ETc)), and deficit irrigation (DI) of 70% ETc and 40% ETc. Water deficit had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on time to flowering; plants under 40% ETc flowered 14 days earlier than plants at 100% ETc. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in yield components. Grain yields were 1 280 kg∙ha-1, 2 401 kg∙ha-1 and 3 189 kg∙ha-1 for 40% ETc, 70% ETc and 100% ETc, respectively, but no significant (p > 0.05) differences were recorded between SDI and MTI. However, at 40% ETc, SDI had 15% higher yield than MTI. Biomass varied significantly (p < 0.05) with irrigation type and water treatment. Grain WUE varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the water regimes. The highest WUE was achieved under SDI at 70% ETc but was not significantly different from that under MTI at 70% ETc.  In conclusion, performance of cowpea was similar under the two irrigation systems under moderate DI but was better for SDI under severe DI with respect to biomass and WUE for the summer trial. Moderate DI improved the grain WUE while all the DI conditions improved the biomass WUE.

scholarly journals Irrigation Criteria for Drip-irrigated Onions

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Long-day onion (Allium cepa L. `Vision') was subjected to five soil water potential (SWP) treatments (–10, –20, –30, –50, and –70 kPa) using subsurface drip irrigation in 1997 and 1998. Onions were grown on 1.1-m beds with two double rows spaced 0.56 m apart and a drip tape buried 13 cm deep in the bed center. Soil water potential was maintained at the five levels by automated, high-frequency irrigations based on SWP measurements at 0.2-m depth. Onions were evaluated for yield and grade after 70 days of storage. In 1997, total and colossal (bulb diameter ≥102 mm) yield increased with increasing SWP, but marketable yield was highest at a calculated –21 kPa because of greater decomposition in storage in wetter treatments. In 1998 total, marketable, and colossal-grade onion yield increased with increasing SWP. Onion profits were highest with a calculated SWP of –17 kPa in 1997, and at the wettest level tested in 1998. Storage decomposition was not affected by SWP in 1998. Maintenance of SWP at –10 and –20 kPa required, respectively, 912 and 691 mm of water in 1997 and 935 and 589 mm of water in 1998. Onion crop evapotranspiration from emergence to the last irrigation totaled 681 mm in 1997 and 716 mm in 1998.

scholarly journals Effects of soil water potential on the growth and physiological characteristics ofPopulus tomentosapulpwood plantation under subsurface drip irrigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (17) ◽  
pp. 5318-5329 ◽  
Author(s):  
席本野 XI Benye ◽  
王烨 WANG Ye ◽  
邸楠 DI Nan ◽  
贾黎明 JIA Liming ◽  
李广德 LI Guangde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals Stalk yield of sugarcane cultivars under different water regimes by subsurface drip irrigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aderson S. de Andrade Junior ◽  
Edson A. Bastos ◽  
Valdenir Q. Ribeiro ◽  
Candido Athayde Sobrinho ◽  
Paulo H. S. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Stalk Yield ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Water Surplus

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the stalk yield of ten sugarcane cultivars (RB962962, RB931011, RB931530, RB98710, RB92579, RB867515, RB863129, SP791011, RB72545 and VAT90212) subjected to water deficit, full irrigation and water surplus by subsurface drip irrigation, during three cropping seasons (2011-2014). The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field of Embrapa Meio-Norte, Teresina, Piauí State, Brazil, in dystrophic Red Yellow Argisol. The cultivars RB962962 (162.3 Mg ha-1) and RB867515 (158.5 Mg ha-1) have better stalk yield compared with other cultivars in all water regimes and cropping seasons.

scholarly journals Onion Storage Decomposition Unaffected by Late-season Irrigation Reduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Long-day onion (Allium cepa L.) `Vision' was submitted to four soil water potential (SWP) treatments using subsurface drip irrigation in 1997 and 1998. Onions were grown on two double rows spaced 22 inches (56 cm) apart on 44-inch (112-cm) beds with a drip tape buried 5 inches (13 cm) deep in the bed center. SWP was maintained at four levels by automated, high frequency irrigations based on SWP measurements at an 8-inch (20-cm) depth. The check treatment had SWP maintained at -20 cbar (kPa) during the entire season. The other three treatments had SWP maintained at -20 cbar until 15 July, then reduced to -30, -50, or -70 cbar. Reducing the SWP level after 15 July below -20 cbar failed to reduce onion bulb decomposition in storage, but reduced colossal onion yield in 1997, and marketable and total yield in 1998.

Subsurface Drip Irrigation and Fertigation of Broccoli

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Thompson ◽  
Thomas A. Doerge ◽  
Ronald E. Godin
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Behaviour of the fecal pollution indicators in a soil irrigated with treated wastewater under onsurface and subsurface drip irrigation

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Campos ◽  
G. Oron ◽  
M. Salgot ◽  
L. Gillerman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Fecal Pollution ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Pollution Indicators ◽  
Subsurface Drip

A critical objective for any wastewater reuse programme is to minimise health and environmental hazard. When applying wastewater to soil–plant systems, it is to be noted that the passage of water through the soil considerably reduces the number of microorganisms carried by the reclaimed wastewater. Factors that affect survival include number and type of microorganisms, soil organic matter content, temperature, moisture, pH, rainfall, sunlight, protection provided by foliage and antagonism by soil microflora. The purpose of this work was to examine the behaviour of fecal pollution indicators in a soil irrigated with treated wastewater under onsurface and subsurface drip irrigation. The experiment was conducted in a vineyard located at a commercial farm near the City of Arad (Israel). Wastewater and soil samples were monitored during the irrigation period and examined for fecal coliforms, somatic and F+ coliphages and helminth eggs. Physico-chemical parameters were controlled in order to determine their relationship with removal of microorganisms. The results showed high reduction of the concentration of microorganisms when wastewater moves through the soil; and a good correlation between the reduction of fecal pollution indicators and moisture content, organic matter concentration and pH. The application of secondary treated domestic wastewater in this specific soil and under these irrigation systems affect the survival of microorganisms, thus reducing the health and environmental risk.

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