scholarly journals Onion Storage Decomposition Unaffected by Late-season Irrigation Reduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Long-day onion (Allium cepa L.) `Vision' was submitted to four soil water potential (SWP) treatments using subsurface drip irrigation in 1997 and 1998. Onions were grown on two double rows spaced 22 inches (56 cm) apart on 44-inch (112-cm) beds with a drip tape buried 5 inches (13 cm) deep in the bed center. SWP was maintained at four levels by automated, high frequency irrigations based on SWP measurements at an 8-inch (20-cm) depth. The check treatment had SWP maintained at -20 cbar (kPa) during the entire season. The other three treatments had SWP maintained at -20 cbar until 15 July, then reduced to -30, -50, or -70 cbar. Reducing the SWP level after 15 July below -20 cbar failed to reduce onion bulb decomposition in storage, but reduced colossal onion yield in 1997, and marketable and total yield in 1998.

scholarly journals Irrigation Criteria for Drip-irrigated Onions

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Long-day onion (Allium cepa L. `Vision') was subjected to five soil water potential (SWP) treatments (–10, –20, –30, –50, and –70 kPa) using subsurface drip irrigation in 1997 and 1998. Onions were grown on 1.1-m beds with two double rows spaced 0.56 m apart and a drip tape buried 13 cm deep in the bed center. Soil water potential was maintained at the five levels by automated, high-frequency irrigations based on SWP measurements at 0.2-m depth. Onions were evaluated for yield and grade after 70 days of storage. In 1997, total and colossal (bulb diameter ≥102 mm) yield increased with increasing SWP, but marketable yield was highest at a calculated –21 kPa because of greater decomposition in storage in wetter treatments. In 1998 total, marketable, and colossal-grade onion yield increased with increasing SWP. Onion profits were highest with a calculated SWP of –17 kPa in 1997, and at the wettest level tested in 1998. Storage decomposition was not affected by SWP in 1998. Maintenance of SWP at –10 and –20 kPa required, respectively, 912 and 691 mm of water in 1997 and 935 and 589 mm of water in 1998. Onion crop evapotranspiration from emergence to the last irrigation totaled 681 mm in 1997 and 716 mm in 1998.

scholarly journals Effects of soil water potential on the growth and physiological characteristics ofPopulus tomentosapulpwood plantation under subsurface drip irrigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (17) ◽  
pp. 5318-5329 ◽  
Author(s):  
席本野 XI Benye ◽  
王烨 WANG Ye ◽  
邸楠 DI Nan ◽  
贾黎明 JIA Liming ◽  
李广德 LI Guangde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals SUSCETIBILIDADE À INTRUSÃO RADICULAR DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS NA IRRIGAÇÃO SUBSUPERFICIAL DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

Irriga ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Souza Resende ◽  
Rubens Duarte Coelho ◽  
Maria De Lourdes da Silva Leal ◽  
Samuel Silva da Mata
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Subsurface Drip

SUSCETIBILIDADE À INTRUSÃO RADICULAR DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS NA IRRIGAÇÃO SUBSUPERFICIAL DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR   Ronaldo Souza Resende1; Rubens Duarte Coelho1; Maria de Lourdes da Silva Leal2; Samuel Silva da Mata21Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo,  Piracicaba,  SP, [email protected] de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, SE.    1 RESUMO  Foram avaliados, quanto à ocorrência do processo de intrusão de raízes sob irrigação subsuperficial, sete modelos de gotejadores, sendo esses submetidos a duas profundidades de instalação no solo, P15 (0,15m) e P30 (0,3m), e três condições de enraizamento para a cultura da cana-de-açúcar: a) Úmido, no qual o solo era irrigado quando o potencial da água no solo alcançava -30 kPa b) Seco, quando esse potencial atingia -80 kPa e c) Sem Cultivo (SC), usado como controle e com esquema de irrigação idêntico ao tratamento Úmido. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos e em condição de estufa. A vazão dos gotejadores foi medida mensalmente e por um período de 270 dias, o que correspondeu ao ciclo completo da cultura. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os modelos avaliados e indicaram não ser o regime de umidade do solo determinante para a ocorrência da intrusão de raízes nos gotejadores.  UNITERMOS: gotejamento; intrusão de raízes; entupimento    RESENDE, R. S.; COELHO, R. D.; LEAL, M. de L. da S.; MATA, S. S. da ROOT INTRUSION SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CONVENTIONAL DRIPPERS IN SUBSUPERFICIAL DRIP IRRIGATION OF SUGAR CANE CROP   2 ABSTRACTS  In order to evaluate root intrusion potential in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) of sugar cane crop, seven emitters were tested under controlled environment (greenhouse and vase conditions). The drippers were installed at two different depths: 0.15m and 0.30m from soil surface (P15 and P30) and analyzed under three watering conditions: 1. Moist :  irrigation  started when the water potential in soil reached -30 kPa (tensiometer);  2. Dry: irrigation started when the water potential in soil reached -80 kPa; and 3. No crop / Moist (NOC): where the vases were kept without any crop (Control) with the same irrigation level of condition 1, isolated from other factors, which could disturb emitters flow rate.  Flow rate readings were taken every month in the sugar cane crop (270 days cycle). The results showed remarkable statistically significant differences among tested emitters. Irrigation frequency and soil water potential did not show significant correlation to root intrusion inside the buried emitters.  KEYWORDS: Drip irrigation; root intrusion; clogging

Effect of high frequency surface and subsurface drip irrigation on root distribution of sweet corn

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Phene ◽  
K.R. Davis ◽  
R.B. Hutmacher ◽  
B. Bar-Yosef ◽  
D.W. Meek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals Effect of Moistube and subsurface drip irrigation on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (l.) Walp) production in South Africa

Water SA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 April) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Kimutai Kanda ◽  
Aidan Senzanje ◽  
Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Moistube irrigation (MTI) is a new subsurface irrigation technology where the water emits from a semi-permeable membrane at a slow rate depending on applied pressure and soil water potential. There is lack of information on how various crops respond to MTI. This study determined growth, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) under varying water regimes under MTI and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI), using field and glasshouse experiments in summer and winter of 2018, respectively. A split-plot design arranged in randomized complete blocks, replicated 3 times, with SDI as the control experiment was used. The main plot was irrigation type while the sub-plots were the water regimes. The water treatments consisted of full irrigation (100% of crop water requirement (ETc)), and deficit irrigation (DI) of 70% ETc and 40% ETc. Water deficit had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on time to flowering; plants under 40% ETc flowered 14 days earlier than plants at 100% ETc. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in yield components. Grain yields were 1 280 kg∙ha-1, 2 401 kg∙ha-1 and 3 189 kg∙ha-1 for 40% ETc, 70% ETc and 100% ETc, respectively, but no significant (p > 0.05) differences were recorded between SDI and MTI. However, at 40% ETc, SDI had 15% higher yield than MTI. Biomass varied significantly (p < 0.05) with irrigation type and water treatment. Grain WUE varied significantly (p < 0.05) among the water regimes. The highest WUE was achieved under SDI at 70% ETc but was not significantly different from that under MTI at 70% ETc.  In conclusion, performance of cowpea was similar under the two irrigation systems under moderate DI but was better for SDI under severe DI with respect to biomass and WUE for the summer trial. Moderate DI improved the grain WUE while all the DI conditions improved the biomass WUE.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Onion Production Under Sprinkler, Subsurface Drip, and Furrow Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 839A-839
Author(s):  
Erik B.G. Feibert ◽  
Clinton C. Shock ◽  
Lamont D. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Granular Matrix ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Onion yield and grade were compared under sprinkler, subsurface drip, and furrow irrigation in 1992, 1993, and 1994. Furrow-irrigated onions were planted on two double rows on 1.12-m-wide beds at 352,000 seeds/ha. Sprinkler- and drip-irrigated onions were planted in nine single rows on a 2.24-m-wide bed at 432,100 seeds/acre. Drip plots had three drip lines buried 0.10 m deep in each 2.24-m bed. Soil water potential at 0.2-m depth was measured by tensiometers and granular matrix sensors (Watermark Model 200SS, Irrometer Co., Riverside, Calif.). Furrow irrigations were started when the soil water potential at the 0.2-m depth reached –25 kPa. Drip-irrigated onions had soil water potential at the 0.2-m depth kept wetter than –25 kPa by daily replacement of crop evapotranspiration (Etc). Sprinkler irrigations were started when the accumulated Etc reached 25 mm. Sprinkler irrigation resulted in significantly higher onion yield than furrow irrigation in 1993 and 1994. Sprinkler irrigation resulted in higher marketable onion yield than furrow irrigation in 1993. Drip irrigation resulted in significantly higher onion yield than furrow irrigation every year. Drip irrigation resulted in higher marketable onion yield than furrow irrigation in 1992 and 1994. Marketable onion yield was reduced in 1993 due to rot during storage.

scholarly journals Backpressure effects on the flow-pressure relation of driplines

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S Thebaldi ◽  
Luiz A Lima ◽  
Willian F. de Almeida ◽  
Rafaella R Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Behavior ◽  
Irrigation Design ◽  
Flow Pressure ◽  
Subsurface Drip

ABSTRACT For drip irrigation design and management, it is necessary to know the relation between flow and pressure acting on emitters. In the case of subsurface drip irrigation, the backpressure phenomenon may change the hydraulic characteristics of emitters. Thus, this study aimed at determining such relationship between flow and pressure of different driplines in surface and subsurface conditions; aiming to find possible differences in hydraulic behavior. We tested four emitter types; two pressure compensating (D5000 and Hydro PCND) and two non-pressure compensating (TalDrip and Jardiline). Emitter flow rates were attained in atmospheric conditions and submerged in water, in which submergence levels represented backpressure. Assays were performed using inlet pressures of 80, 100, 120, and 150 kPa for the Hydro PCND dripline and 25, 50, 100, and 150 kPa for the other ones; the backpressures were of 0.49, 1.47, 2.45, 4.41 and 6.37 kPa with four replications. The emitters had their proportionality constants and discharge exponents changed in submerged applications, representing backpressure effect. Non-pressure compensating emitters had their discharge exponent decreased, while in pressure compensating ones, it was increased. Backpressure reduced emitter flow rates at all evaluated pressures.

THE ROLE OF COMPOST AND WATER STRESS AND THE SYSTEM OF SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION VEGETATIVE AND PLANT GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF POTATO PLANT

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-58
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Potato Plant ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Subsurface Drip

A field experiment was conducted in Ramadi, Anbar province, western Iraq, in soil with a Silt Loam soil during the autumn season 2018, to study the role of compost, water stress and the surface and subsurface drip irrigation system. 50, 75 and 100% of the net irrigation depth. In the design of the splintered splinters, the transactions were divided according to the design of the complete random sections and by three replicates. Each sector was divided into two main parts, in which the compost was distributed. 1 - Without adding 2 - Addition of 10 tons’ e- 1. Each was divided into two secondary pieces. 2. Sub-surface irrigation Each secondary subdivision was divided into three sub-sub-sections as experimental units where irrigation levels 50, 75 and 100% of the net depth of the irrigation were distributed. Use the American Type A evaporation pond at the irrigation time. The results showed that the level of addition of 10 tons e-1 led to a significant increase in all indicators of the study number of air legs and paper area and the weight of the tuber and the number of tubers and the marketable and the total number of 2.38 stem plant -1, 72.75 dm 2, 124.2 g and 4.84 darn plant - 131.46 tons e-1 and 42.95 tons e-1 sequentially. The average number of air stems, paper area, weight of tuber, number of tubers, marketable value and total yield of potato plant at the irrigation level were significantly higher than 100% of the net depth of the broth, reaching 2.41 stem plant-1, 65.92 dm 2, 136.7 g, 4.89, Ton e-1 and 42.55 tons e-1 sequentially. The average number of air stems, paper area, weight of tuber, tubers, marketable, and total of subsurface irrigation was also higher than 2.34 stem plant -1,68.04 dm 2, 147.7 g, 4.79,32.39 tons e-1, and 42. 13 tons e-1 sequentially, genotype and seed priming in improving seedling performance to tolerate salt stress.

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