scholarly journals Flight pattern of Archips podana (Lep.: Tortricidae) based on data from pheromone traps

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
J. Stará ◽  
F. Kocourek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Richards Function

In 9 years of the period 1993–1999 and 2001–2003 the flight activity of <I>Archips podana</I> was investigated by pheromone traps placed in four apple orchards in Central and East Bohemia. The cumulative catches of <I>A. podana</I> males were plotted against time of the catch expressed in sum of degree-days (DD) above 10°C and approximated by Richards’ function. Common parameters of Richards’ function could be found for the overwintering generation of <I>A. podana</I> from all localities. The beginning, peak and end of flight activity of the overwintering generation of the <I>A. podana </I>population in Central and East Bohemia can be predicted by use of DD. <I>Archips podana </I>is usually bivoltine in the Czech Republic, rarely univoltine in cold years or cold localities. Construct the flight pattern of the summer generation could of <I>A. podana </I>not be constructed, because the course of flight of this generation in dependence on DD differed significantly in particular years and localities.

Flight patterns of Hedya dimidioalba, Spilonota ocellana and Pandemis heparana (Lep.: Tortricidae) based on data from pheromone traps

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stará ◽  
F. Kocourek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Richards Function ◽  
Pandemis Heparana

During 1992–1999 the flight activity of Hedya dimidioalba, Spilonota ocellana and Pandemis heparana was investigated by pheromone traps placed in six apple orchards and a plum orchard in Central and East Bohemia. The cumulative catches of each species were plotted against time of the catch expressed as the sum of degree-days above 10°C (H. dimidioalba and S. ocellana) and 8°C (P. heparana) and approximated by Richards’ function. Common parameters of Richards’ function could be found for Hedya dimidioalba and Spilonota ocellana from all localities. In Pandemis heparana the flight pattern was different for groups of localities with similar climatic conditions. It was found that the beginning, peak and end of the flight activity of these species in the Czech Republic can be reasonably predicted.

scholarly journals Prediction of profitability of topworking in older apple orchards under contemporary economic conditions of the Czech Republic  

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Blažek ◽  
V. Falta ◽  
R. Vávra ◽  
V. Beneš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Health State ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Good Health State

: In the Czech Republic, there is still a predominance of obsolete apple orchards that were established more than 15 years ago and that are not profitable under contemporary conditions. Typical features of these orchards are low or medium tree densities, freely growing semi-standard trees or hedgerows on semi-dwarf, or sometimes also on vigorous, rootstocks. The farmers are not always in a position to completely renovate them, and therefore they are interested in their topworking. The present paper studied the effectiveness of this measure under the current economic and market conditions of this country, using 3 types of orchards with different spacings and rootstocks and 5 groups of tree densities. Four cultivars were chosen as examples of different starting statuses for the modelling of subsequent development in three time horizons and for the prediction of profitability of this treatment. The profitability is based on an increase in farmer prices for cultivars that are presently recommended for replacement of the older ones according to the recent development of these prices on the fresh market. In the case of topworking for Spartan cv., an economic return of the measure can be expected at the earliest after 8 years of running the treated orchard. The greatest increase in profit can be achieved in orchards on the rootstock M 9. Nevertheless, with the decline of tree numbers in the orchard, or with the increase in tree losses, the general economic effectiveness of topworking notably falls. In the case of trees on the rootstock MM 106, this measure can have an economic effect only if at least 80% of the trees is in a good health state and it is presumed that the orchard will be used for another 10 years at least. A list of recommended cultivars to be used for replacement of the old ones is given.

scholarly journals Effect of insecticide-treated trap logs and lure traps for Ips typographus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) management on nontarget arthropods catching in Norway spruce stands

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lubojacký ◽  
J. Holuša
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Entire Period ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Thanasimus Formicarius ◽  
Spruce Stands

The numbers of nontarget arthropods captured by Theysohn pheromone traps (TPTs) and insecticide-treated tripod trap logs (TRIPODs) were compared; both kinds of traps were baited with pheromone lures Pheagr IT for Ips typographus. In 2010, 15 TPTs and 15 TRIPODs were deployed (with a 10-m spacing) in a forest in the northeastern Czech Republic. The TPTs and TRIPODs were inspected weekly during the entire period of I. typographus flight activity (30 April&ndash;1 October). The TRIPODs were sprayed with Vaztak 10 SC insecticide every 7 weeks; at each spraying, the pheromone evaporators were renewed. Higher numbers of entomophagous arthropods, including the predacious beetles Thanasimus formicarius and T. femoralis, were captured by the TRIPODs than by the TPTs. The number of Thanasimus spp. captured by TRIPODs was especially high at the end of April. The efficacy of TRIPODs for the control of I. typographus could be maintained while the kill of nontarget organisms could be reduced by deploying the evaporators 1 week later (in early May rather than in late April) in relation to the recommended date of dispenser installation. &nbsp;

scholarly journals Harmful occurrence of Rosy rustic moth (Hydraecia micacea) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on hop in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 150-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Šedivý ◽  
P. Born ◽  
J. Vostřel
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Effective Temperatures

The Rosy rustic moth (<I>Hydraecia micacea</I>) has been a pest of hop in Czech hop regions for a long time. It causes most severe damages in hop gardens infested by quackgrass (<I>Elytrigia repens</I>) on waterlogged<B> </B>areas. Larvae emerge from the second half of April to the middle of May. The sum of effective temperatures (SET) necessary for hatching larvae has been determined to be 78.6C over a 4-year average. Young larvae first feed on leaves of quackgrass, and later move to hop plants where they feed inside the shoots and rootstocks. Occurrence and damage are<B> </B>most frequent at the edges of hop gardens and in places with anchorages between two hop gardens. The ichneumonid wasp <I>Ichneumon sarcitorius</I> and the fly <I>Lidella thompsoni</I> are the most common parasitoids of this pest. Numbers of males caught in pheromone traps were very low. More males were trapped near hop gardens typical for repeated harmful occurrence of the rosy rustic moth. Females trapped in a light trap from the second half of August to the last decade of September had already full-developed eggs in their ovaries.

scholarly journals Extremely low infection levels of pathogens and nematodes in Trypodendron spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Rudolf Wegensteiner ◽  
Karolina Lukášová ◽  
Hana Vanická ◽  
Soňa Zimová ◽  
Magdalena Kacprzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Trypodendron Lineatum ◽  
Ambrosia Beetles ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Palearctic Region ◽  
Midgut Lumen

Abstract The striped ambrosia beetles Trypodendron lineatum and T. domesticum are timber forest pests in the Palearctic region and North America. Because only a few pathogens are known for Trypodendron species, the aim of this work was to determine the spectrum of pathogen species of T. lineatum, T. laeve, and T. domesticum. Trypodendron species were collected in pheromone traps at nine localities in the Czech Republic, five localities in Poland, and one locality in Austria. In total, 2,439 T. lineatum, 171 T. domesticum, and 17 T. laeve beetles were dissected and examined. Infection was found in only two of the 17 specimens of T. laeve and in only two of the 171 specimens of T. domesticum; in all four cases, the parasites were nematodes. Parasitisation of T. lineatum by nematodes was found in T. lineatum at eight localities with a mean (± SE) parasitisation level of 8.1 ± 4.7%. A Chytridiopsis sp. was detected in cells of the midgut epithelium of one T. lineatum specimen, and Gregarina sp. was detected in the midgut lumen of two T. lineatum specimens; no other pathogens were found in T. lineatum. The low infection rates and the tendency for infection by nematodes can be explained by the monogamy of Trypodendron spp. and their feeding on fungi in short galleries that are not connected to the galleries of conspecifics.

scholarly journals Chrysopids and Hemerobiids (Plannipenia) of young spruce forests in the eastern part of the Czech Republic 

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 432-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Holuša ◽  
Ľ. Vidlička
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Chrysopa Carnea ◽  
Malaise Traps

Chrysopids and Hemerobiids were studied using Malaise traps in young spruce forests in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. A total of 12 species were found. The most abundant species were eurytopic Chrysopa carnea, Chrysopa perla, Hemerobius humulinus and Hemerobius pini associated with conifers. The seasonal flight activity of these species is discussed.

scholarly journals Flight activity of Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera: Anthribidae) and notes to its life history

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Holuša ◽  
M. Trýzna
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowland Forests ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Malaise Traps

In the Czech Republic, <I>A. nebulosus</I> occurs in coniferous, deciduous as well as in mixed forests, in lowland forests and even on forest-steppe habitats. Larvae occur mainly on <I>Picea</I> sp., Pinus</I> sp. and<I> Abies</I> sp.; adults occur on the same tree species and also on <I>Larix</I> sp., <I> Quercus</I> sp., <I>Salix</I> sp. and<I> Fagus</I> sp. Adults overwinter in the bark of several coniferous trees with thicker bark (mainly <I>Pinus sylvestris</I> L. and <I>Larix decidua</I> Mill.) where they are hidden in cracks. Woodpeckers attack such trees with masses of<I>A. nebulosus</I> very intensively. In five localities with Malaise traps in the Nízký Jeseník Hills, the flight activity started at the beginning of May and ended in mid-June with the peak at the end of May and beginning of June in 2005. In 2006, the flight activity started later in mid-May and lasted to the beginning of July but was interrupted by cold and rainy weather. At higher altitudes were beetles sampled only in the first half of June in 2006. The size of males and females is very similar. In total, pronotum width of males varied between 0.85 mm and 2.40 mm, and females between 1.00 mm and 2.30 mm. There is no statistically significant difference between them. The equal sex ratio found in our material could confirm the fact that the flight activity of both sexes is the same.

scholarly journals Distribution of Apple stem grooving virus in apple trees in the Czech Republic

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Polák ◽  
J. Zieglerová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Apple Stem Grooving Virus ◽  
Apple Stem ◽  
High Incidence

From 1997 to 2000 the distribution of Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in selected intensive apple orchards was investigated at six sites in the Czech Republic. Detection of ASGV was by ELISA. The virus was found to be commonly distributed; it was detected in over 50 % of the tested trees. Some cultivars were infected up to 100 %, while several were found to be virus-free. A high incidence of infected trees appeared in both older (20 years) and younger (7 to 8 years) orchards. This emphasizes the necessity to initiate the certification of the health condition of nursery material according to the system recommended by the EPPO.

Seasonal flight activity of Platycerus caprea (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) in the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts (Czech Republic)

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Holuša ◽  
Petr Kočárek ◽  
Karel Drápela
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractThe seasonal flight activity of Platycerus caprea was studied at two sites in the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts in 2002–2004 using bark beetle pheromone traps of Theysohn® type. Platycerus caprea occurred at altitudes of 400 m up to 1200 m a.s.l. Seasonal flight activity in both males and females started at the beginning of May and continued until mid-June. At lower altitudes (up to ca 900 m a.s.l.), adults flew in the first half of May, at altitudes about 1000 m a.s.l. in the second half of May and in the highest sites more than 1200 m a.s.l. in the first half of June.

scholarly journals The importance of monitoring the Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus female flight activity for the timing of insecticidal treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Seidenglanz ◽  
E. Poslušná J Hrudová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Water Traps ◽  
Insecticidal Treatment ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Pallidactylus

The effects of two pyrethroids and one combination of organophosphate and pyrethroid (alpha-cypermethrin, etofenprox, chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin) on <I>Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus</I> (Marsham, 1802) (<I>Coleoptera: Curculionidae</I>) were tested under field conditions in the Czech Republic in 2006–2008. Significant differences in the effects of the compared insecticides on <I>C. pallidactylus</I> were recorded in the particular years (2006, 2007, 2008). It was less important and somewhat less complicated to establish the most suitable time for spraying in the case of the chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin combination in comparison with the pyrethroids applied separately. The effectiveness of the tested insecticides was markedly influenced by the time of spraying. The effects of the pyrethroids applied singly achieved results comparable to those of the chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin combination only at the optimal spraying time. The most suitable time for spraying varied from the point when the first females appeared in yellow water traps in somewhat higher quantities to the time when a substantial proportion of caught females was able to lay eggs.

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