scholarly journals The importance of monitoring the Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus female flight activity for the timing of insecticidal treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Seidenglanz ◽  
E. Poslušná J Hrudová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Water Traps ◽  
Insecticidal Treatment ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Pallidactylus

The effects of two pyrethroids and one combination of organophosphate and pyrethroid (alpha-cypermethrin, etofenprox, chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin) on <I>Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus</I> (Marsham, 1802) (<I>Coleoptera: Curculionidae</I>) were tested under field conditions in the Czech Republic in 2006–2008. Significant differences in the effects of the compared insecticides on <I>C. pallidactylus</I> were recorded in the particular years (2006, 2007, 2008). It was less important and somewhat less complicated to establish the most suitable time for spraying in the case of the chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin combination in comparison with the pyrethroids applied separately. The effectiveness of the tested insecticides was markedly influenced by the time of spraying. The effects of the pyrethroids applied singly achieved results comparable to those of the chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin combination only at the optimal spraying time. The most suitable time for spraying varied from the point when the first females appeared in yellow water traps in somewhat higher quantities to the time when a substantial proportion of caught females was able to lay eggs.

scholarly journals Flight pattern of Archips podana (Lep.: Tortricidae) based on data from pheromone traps

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
J. Stará ◽  
F. Kocourek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Richards Function

In 9 years of the period 1993–1999 and 2001–2003 the flight activity of <I>Archips podana</I> was investigated by pheromone traps placed in four apple orchards in Central and East Bohemia. The cumulative catches of <I>A. podana</I> males were plotted against time of the catch expressed in sum of degree-days (DD) above 10°C and approximated by Richards’ function. Common parameters of Richards’ function could be found for the overwintering generation of <I>A. podana</I> from all localities. The beginning, peak and end of flight activity of the overwintering generation of the <I>A. podana </I>population in Central and East Bohemia can be predicted by use of DD. <I>Archips podana </I>is usually bivoltine in the Czech Republic, rarely univoltine in cold years or cold localities. Construct the flight pattern of the summer generation could of <I>A. podana </I>not be constructed, because the course of flight of this generation in dependence on DD differed significantly in particular years and localities.

scholarly journals Ovicidal effects of thiacloprid, acetamiprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and alpha-cypermethrin on Bruchus pisorum L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) eggs

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Seidenglanz ◽  
J. Rotrekl ◽  
J. Poslušná ◽  
P. Kolařík
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Real Effects ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Ovicidal Effects ◽  
Bruchus Pisorum

The effects of two pyrethroid (lambda-cyhalothrin, alpha-cypermethrin) and two neonicotinoid (acetamiprid, thiacloprid) insecticides on B. pisorum L. eggs were compared under field conditions in the Czech Republic in 2005&ndash;2007. The main objective of the study was to find out what real effects can be expected from the available insecticides registered in Europe when applied at the time of the first egg occurrence on lower pods. In general, the rates of Bruchus pisorum egg (+ first instar larvae) survival were significantly lower with all the insecticides compared in the study, in each of the three years (2005, 2006, 2007). The tested insecticides showed some ovicidal effects and also some larvicidal effects. The tested pyrethroids (lambda-cyhalothrin, alpha-cypermethrin) showed somewhat higher effectiveness in comparison with the neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, thiacloprid). Alpha-cypermethrin was the most effective in all three years. In 2006 and in 2007 this insecticide significantly reduced the rates of egg survival in comparison with acetamiprid. In contrast, acetamiprid was the least effective insecticide in each of the three years.

Flight patterns of Hedya dimidioalba, Spilonota ocellana and Pandemis heparana (Lep.: Tortricidae) based on data from pheromone traps

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Stará ◽  
F. Kocourek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Flight Pattern ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Richards Function ◽  
Pandemis Heparana

During 1992–1999 the flight activity of Hedya dimidioalba, Spilonota ocellana and Pandemis heparana was investigated by pheromone traps placed in six apple orchards and a plum orchard in Central and East Bohemia. The cumulative catches of each species were plotted against time of the catch expressed as the sum of degree-days above 10°C (H. dimidioalba and S. ocellana) and 8°C (P. heparana) and approximated by Richards’ function. Common parameters of Richards’ function could be found for Hedya dimidioalba and Spilonota ocellana from all localities. In Pandemis heparana the flight pattern was different for groups of localities with similar climatic conditions. It was found that the beginning, peak and end of the flight activity of these species in the Czech Republic can be reasonably predicted.

scholarly journals Chrysopids and Hemerobiids (Plannipenia) of young spruce forests in the eastern part of the Czech Republic 

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 432-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Holuša ◽  
Ľ. Vidlička
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Spruce Forests ◽  
Chrysopa Carnea ◽  
Malaise Traps

Chrysopids and Hemerobiids were studied using Malaise traps in young spruce forests in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. A total of 12 species were found. The most abundant species were eurytopic Chrysopa carnea, Chrysopa perla, Hemerobius humulinus and Hemerobius pini associated with conifers. The seasonal flight activity of these species is discussed.

scholarly journals Flight activity of Anthribus nebulosus Forster, 1770 (Coleoptera: Anthribidae) and notes to its life history

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Holuša ◽  
M. Trýzna
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Rainy Weather ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowland Forests ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Malaise Traps

In the Czech Republic, <I>A. nebulosus</I> occurs in coniferous, deciduous as well as in mixed forests, in lowland forests and even on forest-steppe habitats. Larvae occur mainly on <I>Picea</I> sp., Pinus</I> sp. and<I> Abies</I> sp.; adults occur on the same tree species and also on <I>Larix</I> sp., <I> Quercus</I> sp., <I>Salix</I> sp. and<I> Fagus</I> sp. Adults overwinter in the bark of several coniferous trees with thicker bark (mainly <I>Pinus sylvestris</I> L. and <I>Larix decidua</I> Mill.) where they are hidden in cracks. Woodpeckers attack such trees with masses of<I>A. nebulosus</I> very intensively. In five localities with Malaise traps in the Nízký Jeseník Hills, the flight activity started at the beginning of May and ended in mid-June with the peak at the end of May and beginning of June in 2005. In 2006, the flight activity started later in mid-May and lasted to the beginning of July but was interrupted by cold and rainy weather. At higher altitudes were beetles sampled only in the first half of June in 2006. The size of males and females is very similar. In total, pronotum width of males varied between 0.85 mm and 2.40 mm, and females between 1.00 mm and 2.30 mm. There is no statistically significant difference between them. The equal sex ratio found in our material could confirm the fact that the flight activity of both sexes is the same.

scholarly journals Evidence and symptoms of pasta infestation by Sitophilus oryzae (Curculionidae; Coleoptera) in the Czech Republic

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Stejskal ◽  
Z. Kučerová ◽  
J. Lukáš
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Plant Health ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Photo Documentation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Heavy Infestation

Heavy infestation of pasta by the internally feeding pest <I>Sitophilus oryzae </I>(<I>Coleoptera</I>: <I>Curculionidae</I>)<I> </I>was recorded for the first time under field conditions in the Czech Republic. Symptoms of hidden infestation (eggs, larvae, pupae and adults) and a comparison of optical methods to detect them are described for the use by farmers, plant health and phytoquarantine inspectors. Photo-documentation is included.

scholarly journals Neuroptera, Raphidioptera and Mecoptera assemblages inhabiting young spruce (Picea abies) forests: dominance structure and seasonal activity patterns

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľ. Vidlička ◽  
J. Holuša
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Dominance Structure ◽  
Malaise Traps

Neuropteroid insects (Neuroptera, Raphidioptera) and scorpion flies (Mecoptera) were studied in six young spruce forest localities in the eastern part of the Czech Republic during years 2005 and 2006. Twenty-seven species of lacewings, four species of snake flies and four species of scorpion flies were found using the Malaise traps. Consequently, the seasonal flight activity of the seven most abundant species (<I>Chrysopa perla, Hemerobius pini, Hemerobius humulinus, Dichrostigma flavipes, Phaeostigma notata, Panorpa communis and Panorpa germanica</i>) is discussed.

scholarly journals Significance of Sexual Reproduction of Phytophthora infestans in the Czech Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 1191-1197
Author(s):  
Jana Mazáková ◽  
Miloslav Zouhar ◽  
Pavel Ryšánek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Leaf Discs

A total of 187 naturally late blight‑diseased potato leaves were sampled from 31 sites and five regions of the Czech Republic during the growing season in 2012–2014 and 2016 and examined microscopically for the ability of Phytophthora infestans to produce oospores in infected leaves under field conditions. Although the occurrence of the A1 and A2 mating types required for sexual reproduction of P. infestans was previously confirmed in the Czech Republic, no oospores were detected in this study. To study the effect of temperature on the survival of oospores produced from crosses of three pairs of P. infestans isolates, oospores in leaf discs and agar were exposed to temperatures ranging from –24 to 10 °C and then evaluated for viability with the plasmolysis test. Oospore viability ranged from 13.02 to 63.90 % and from 7.77 to 63.37 % for oospores produced in agar and leaf discs, respectively, with the highest frequencies of viable oospores occurring at 4 and 10 °C. To determine whether oospores may survive under field conditions, agar plates with oospores were buried in soil in Prague‑Suchdol and Svitavy for seven months during the overwintering period (October–May) in 2011–2015. There were statistically significant differences in oospore viability examined by the plasmolysis test between the localities, and oospore viability ranged from 29 to 43 % and from 15 to 44 % in Prague‑Suchdol and Svitavy, respectively.

scholarly journals Biology and Yield of Rocket (Eruca sativa Mill.) under Field Conditions of the Czech Republic (Central Europe)

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana DOLEŽALOVÁ ◽  
Martin DUCHOSLAV ◽  
Karel DUŠEK
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Five rocket (Eruca sativa (L.) Mill.) varieties and accessions were cultivated under field conditions in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) and subsequently studied for variation in morphology and yield. Two cultivation techniques (treatments) were tested during the growing seasons in 2010 and 2011: directly sown seeds in the field and plantlets cultivated in a glasshouse and later transplanted to the field. There were analysed four morphological parameters of the leaf rosette (leaf shape in outline, leaf margin, leaf apex and leaf colour), marketable yield, nonmarketable parts, and rosette radius. Plants from plantlets transplanted to the field in spring terms (April) yielded a substantially higher marketable yield and had a higher rosette radius in contrast to plants from directly sown seeds. Conversely, for the summer terms (late August, September) the direct sowing technique produced higher marketable yield in comparison with plantlets treatment. Plants cultivated from directly sowed seeds reached a marketable yield on average from 15 to 60 g per plant while transplanted plants produced on average from 10 to 49 g per plant. It is evident that cultivation of rocket under field conditions of the Czech Republic is possible and provides, when using the appropriate sowing term, more or less stable yields of marketable parts. Details on variation in yield parameters of individual varieties and accessions are presented.

scholarly journals Control of cabbage stem weevil and pollen beetle with one insecticide application

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Marek Seidenglanz ◽  
Jaroslav Šafář ◽  
Nikoleta Rubil ◽  
Miriama Ruseňáková ◽  
Veronika Roskóová
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Pollen Beetle ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Brassicogethes Aeneus ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Water Traps ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Napi ◽  
Ceutorhynchus Pallidactylus

Over the course of three years (2016–2018), the effects of insecticides on stem-mining weevils [(Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Marsham, 1802), Ceutorhynchus napi (Gyllenhal, 1837)] were assessed under field conditions. The dates for spraying were determined on the basis of the recorded percentages of weevil females carrying mature eggs in their ovaries (timing I: the first females with mature eggs present in yellow water traps; timing II: more than 50% of the females with mature eggs present). Delaying the first spring insecticide application till timing II made it possible to combine the control of the stem weevil along with the control of the pollen beetle, Brassicogethes aeneus (Fabricius, 1775). However, the poor effectiveness of the tested insecticides on the stem-mining weevils, regardless of the date they were sprayed, indicates it is impossible to successfully control the insect pests with one insecticide application during the seasons with prolonged egg-laying periods.

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