scholarly journals  Influence of terrain attributes and soil properties on soil aggregate stability

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zádorová ◽  
O. Jakšík ◽  
R. Kodešová ◽  
V. Penížek
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Terrain Attributes ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Curvature Index ◽  
Elevation Model

  The study on the relationship between the soil aggregates stability assessed using water stable aggregate (WSA) index and the selected terrain and soil properties was performed on a morphologically diverse study site in Chernozem soil region of Southern Moravia. Soil analyses and detailed digital elevation model processing were the main methods adopted in the study. The soil structure stability is negatively influenced by the soil material removal from the steep parts of the back-slope and re-deposition of the mineral loess material at the base of the slope. The highest aggregates stability was identified in the upper flat parts of the study plot, undisturbed by erosion processes, and at the concave parts of the back-slope with intensive accumulation of organic matter. Statistical analysis showed a significant dependence of aggregates stability on organic carbon content and plan curvature index.

Comparison of aggregate stability within six soil profiles under conventional tillage using various laboratory tests

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Kodešová ◽  
Marcela Rohošková ◽  
Anna Žigová
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Soil Aggregate ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability

AbstractSoil structure stability was studied in every diagnostic horizons of six soil types (Haplic Chernozem, Greyic Phaeozem, two Haplic Luvisols, Haplic Cambisol, Dystric Cambisol) using different techniques investigating various destruction mechanisms of soil aggregates. Soil aggregate stability, assessed by the index of water stable aggregates (WSA), varied depending on the organic matter content, clay content and pHKCl. The presence of clay and organic matter coatings and fillings, and presence of iron oxides in some soils increased stability of soil aggregates. On the other hand periodical tillage apparently decreased aggregate stability in the Ap horizons. Coefficients of aggregate vulnerability resulting from fast wetting (KV 1) and slow wetting (KV 2) tests showed similar trends of the soil aggregate stability as the WSA index, when studied for soils developed on the similar parent material. There was found close correlation between the WSA index and the KV 1 value, which depended also on the organic matter content, clay content and pHKCl. Less significant correlation was obtained between the WSA index and the KV 2 value, which depended on the organic matter content and clay content. Coefficients of vulnerability resulting from the shaking after pre-wetting test (KV 3) showed considerably different trends in comparison to the other tests due to the different factors affecting aggregate stability against the mechanical destruction. The KV 3 value depended mostly on cation exchange capacity, pHKCl and organic matter content.

scholarly journals Conservation of Ecosystem Services in Argiudolls of Argentina

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 649
Author(s):  
Marcelo Germán Wilson ◽  
Alejandro Esteban Maggi ◽  
Mario Guillermo Castiglioni ◽  
Emmanuel Adrián Gabioud ◽  
María Carolina Sasal
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Sequence Composition

Mollisols are a fundamental component of global agricultural production. In the Argentine Pampas region, 65% of the Mollisols belong to Argiudoll great group. These soils have an agricultural aptitude, with limitations given mainly by varying thickness of the top horizon A as a result of the severity of water erosion depending on its site in the landscape layered on an argillic B horizon. Over the last three decades, Pampean agriculture has been widespread because of a modern technological matrix characterized by transgenic crops, and increasing use of fertilizers and pesticides. Large changes have taken place in crop sequence composition, toward the disappearance of pastures and the rapid expansion of soybean monoculture due to the upward trend of the international price of this commodity. This review contributes to an alertness regarding the significance of the soil degradation problem, in terms of decline in soil fertility and structural condition, decrease in size of soil aggregates, surface and subsurface compaction, decrease in organic carbon content, soil and water contamination, reduction of infiltration rate and structure stability, causing an increase in water losses through surface runoff and water erosion and lost ecosystem services. Additionally, a set of sustainable land management practices and legal aspects is shown.

scholarly journals Modelling Alternatives for Highland Soil Structural Degradation and Erodibility, Bui Plateau, Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reeves M. Fokeng ◽  
Zephania N. Fogwe
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Biochemistry ◽  
Annual Biomass ◽  
Soil Structural Stability ◽  
Physical Degradation

Highland triggers of soil physical degradation through the fragilisation of soil aggregates are primarily factors of soil biochemistry and anthropogenic mishandling of land resources. Soil degradation forms are challenging the sustenance of human systems on earth. This study probes into soil physical degradation and exposure to external stressors using 60 soil samples collected and analysed for soil aggregate stability, vulnerability and erodibility to determine soil structural stability/resilient capacity. The soils were found to be stable in structure, but highly vulnerable to stress and erodible. Coarse-granitic sandy soils just as the less evolved erosion soils of the eastern slopes of the plateau were proven to be most erodible and vulnerable to physical degradation. Soil Structural Stability Index (ISS) was very low (≤ 4.3%: severe physical degradation) for disturbed soils under grazing with similar tendencies on cultivated humid volcanic soils. High erosion vulnerability/erodibility soils are indicative of low organic matter and organic carbon content issuant of heavy and uncontrolled grazing, annual biomass burning and long-term cropping without soil improvement schemes which calls for guided land use practices over the Bui Plateau.

scholarly journals Polyester Microplastic Fibers affect Soil Physical Properties and Erosion as a Function of Soil Type

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosolino Ingraffia ◽  
Gaetano Amato ◽  
Vincenzo Bagarello ◽  
Francesco G. Carollo ◽  
Dario Giambalvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Environmental Compartments

Abstract. Microplastic is recognized as a factor of global change affecting many environmental compartments. Agricultural soils are likely hotspots of microplastic contamination in terrestrial ecosystems and are of particular concern due to their role in food production. Microplastic has already been shown to be able to affect soil properties, but its effect on different soil types is poorly understood. Moreover, no information is available on how the presence of this pollutant can affect soil water erosion processes, which are extremely important issues in many environments. In the light of this, we performed two experiments (a microcosm and a mesocosm study) to investigate how the presence of polyester microplastic fibers affects soil physical and hydrological parameters and processes such as aggregate formation and soil erosion in three different agricultural soil types. Our data show that the effects of polyester microplastic on soil physical parameters (including soil aggregation and erosion) are strongly dependent on soil type. We found that microplastic contamination can decrease the formation of new aggregates but at the same time increase their stability in water, with effects on soil erosion stronger as the intrinsic erodibility of soil increases. Overall, our results highlight the importance of broadly exploring soil properties such as texture, mineralogy, and organic carbon content to better understand how the various soil types respond to microplastic contamination.

scholarly journals Evaluating topographic wetness indices across central New York agricultural landscapes

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 14041-14093 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Buchanan ◽  
M. Fleming ◽  
R. L. Schneider ◽  
B. K. Richards ◽  
J. Archibald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Elevation Model

Abstract. Accurately predicting soil moisture patterns in the landscape is a persistent challenge. In humid regions, topographic wetness indices (TWI) are widely used to approximate relative soil moisture patterns. However, there are many ways to calculate TWIs and very few field studies have evaluated the different approaches in the US. We calculated TWIs using over 400 unique formulations that considered different: Digital Elevation Model (DEM) resolution (cell size), vertical precision of DEM, flow direction and slope algorithms, smoothing via low-pass filtering, and the inclusion of relevant soil properties. We correlated each TWI with observed patterns of soil moisture at five agricultural fields in central NY, USA; each field was visited 5–8 times between August and November 2012. Using a mixed effects modeling approach, we were able to identify optimal TWI formulations that may provide guidance for practitioners and future studies. Overall, TWIs were moderately well correlated with observed soil moisture patterns; in the best case the relationship between TWI and soil moisture had an average R2 and Spearman correlation value of 0.61 and 0.78, respectively. In all cases, fine-scale (3 m) LiDAR-derived DEMs worked better than USGS 10 m DEMs and, in general, including soil properties improved the correlations.

Derivation of terrain covariates for digital soil mapping in Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Gallant ◽  
Jenet M. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Digital Soil Mapping ◽  
Data Discovery ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Mapping Exercise

Digital soil mapping is founded on the availability of covariates that are used as surrogates for the spatial patterns in soil properties. One important subset of covariates represents the patterns due to terrain, and these are typically derived from a digital elevation model at a suitable resolution. When each digital soil mapping exercise requires the calculation of terrain covariates, there is a clear potential for inconsistent methods and for choosing the covariates that are easiest to derive rather than those that are most relevant. The creation of open repositories of relevant terrain covariates that are correctly derived avoids these problems and fosters the application of digital soil mapping and other modelling activities that benefit from landscape properties. This paper describes the creation of a suite of commonly used terrain covariates from the 1-arcsecond (~30 m) resolution digital elevation models for Australia that were released through CSIRO’s Data Access Portal and the TERN Data Discovery Portal. The methods used to derive the terrain covariates are described and their characteristics are identified.

Geomorphometry of the Glacial Cirques in Zardkuh Mountain, Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmadabadi ◽  
Varduhi Sargsyan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Science ◽  
Shape Features ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Second Derivatives ◽  
Curvature Index ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Digital Elevation Data ◽  
Elevation Model

AbstractCirques as one of the glacial erosional forms are suitable indicators to recognize the environmental conditions of the Quaternary period. Therefore, considering the importance of glacial cirque landforms, identifying and mapping the distribution of the circus with their shape features meets the need of environmental science, especially geomorphology. In this paper, in order to identify the quantitative features of cirques in Zardkuh region, the second derivatives, including second-degree curvature of the plan, profile and general curvature along with slope as a primarily derivative were used from geomorphometry indices. To this end, 20 meter resolution digital elevation model was generated from 1: 25,000 topographic map which was used in the geomorphometric analysis. The result shows that secondary derivatives had higher performance in identifying the feature shapes of glacial cirques. Likewise, the plan curvature Index could truly present the headwall around the circus as well as profile curvature clearly showed the avalanche path. In conclusion, it seems that the second derivative indicators, including curvature’s family, have high capability to extract and detect different natural shapes from digital elevation data.

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