scholarly journals The influence of fertilization and crop rotation on the winter wheat production

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Babulicová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Term Field

In a long-term field experiment winter wheat was grown in crop rotations with 40, 60 and 80% proportion of cereals. Two levels of fertilization were used: H<sub>1</sub> &ndash; mineral fertilization N, P, K + organic fertilization Veget&reg;; H<sub>2</sub> &ndash; only mineral fertilization N, P, K. Winter what was grown after two preceding crops: pea and winter barley. In&nbsp;2010&ndash;2012 the grain yield of winter wheat after pea was statistically higher at fertilization with mineral fertilizers N, P, K and organic manure Veget&reg; (7.15 t/ha) in comparison with mineral fertilizers only (6.65 t/ha). In crop rotation with 80% of cereals the grain yield of winter wheat after pea as a preceding crop was statistically higher&nbsp;(6.81 t/ha) than after winter barley (5.59 t/ha). The rising of grain yield at 1.9 t/ha was achieved by suitable preceding crop (pea) and by combined fertilization (mineral fertilizers N, P, K + organic manure Veget&reg;). The grain yield of winter wheat 5.24 t was obtained by mineral fertilization N, P, K only and after winter barley. By mineral fertilization N, P, K + organic manure Veget&reg;) and after pea as a preceding crop the grain yield of winter wheat 7.14 t/ha was reached.

scholarly journals Enhancing of Winter Wheat Productivity by the Introduction of Field Pea into Crop Rotation

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Mária Babulicová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Substantial Degree

Abstract The aim of our study was to find out the influence of different preceding crops and weather in particular years on the production ability of winter wheat in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals. The long-term field trial with 40, 60 and 80% share of cereals and two levels of fertilisation (H1 mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget®; H2 mineral fertilisation only) was carried out in the very warm and dry area of continental climate on Luvi-Haplic Chernozem. In crop rotation with 80% share of cereals, winter wheat was sown after two preceding crops: pea and winter barley. In the years 2013–2015, the weight of 1,000 grains, bulk density, share of grains over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieve, grain yield and straw yield were investigated. In crop rotation with 80% share of cereals, the significantly higher grain yield of winter wheat was recorded after preceding crop of field pea (6.18 t/ha) by comparison with winter barley as preceding crop (5.19 t/ha). The statistically significantly higher straw yield of winter wheat was observed after field pea (8.38 t/ha)in comparison to winter barley (7.29 t/ha). The weight of 1,000 grains, bulk density, share of grains over 2.8 + 2.5 mm sieve were statistically significantly higher after field pea in comparison to winter barley. The winter wheat grain yield can be increased by the preceding crop pea and the combination of mineral and organic fertilisation in substantial degree.

scholarly journals The Grain Yield and Weed Infestation Rate of Winter Wheat by the Different Share of Cereals in Crop Rotations

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Mária Babulicová ◽  
Ľubomír Mendel
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Infestation Rate ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Weed Infestation

The Grain Yield and Weed Infestation Rate of Winter Wheat by the Different Share of Cereals in Crop Rotations The aim of the study was to compare the grain yield and weed infestation rate of winter wheat in crop rotations with 40, 60 and 80% share of cereals and in continuous cropping. The trial was situated in the area of continental climate. The trial had two parts. In the first part, there were crop rotations with 40, 60 and 80% share of the cereals. Two levels of fertilization were used: H1 mineral fertilization + organic manure Veget; H2 mineral fertilization only. In the second part, winter wheat and spring barley were grown in monoculture. Three variants of fertilization were used: 1 - mineral fertilization; 2 - mineral fertilization + straw of cereals were ploughed; 3 - mineral fertilization + straw of cereals + organic manure Veget were ploughed in the soil. In the years 2006-2009 the grain yield, thousand kernel weight and weed infestation rate of winter wheat in different crop rotations and by the continuous cropping were investigated. The statistically higher winter wheat grain yield (6.50 t ha-1) was recorded by 40% share of cereals in crop rotation than by 60% and 80% share of cereals (6.23 t ha-1). The grain yield of winter wheat by continuous cropping was lower by 2.24 t ha-1 (34.46%) than in crop rotation with 40% share of cereals. The weed infestation rate by 80% share of cereals in crop rotation was determined 2.4 times higher than by 40% share of cereals.

scholarly journals The Influence Of Cereal Share In Crop Rotations On The Grain Yield And Quality Of Winter Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mária Babulicová ◽  
Soňa Gavurníková
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Organic Fertiliser ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Gluten Content ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Term Field

Abstract The aim of our study is to find out the influence of different share of cereals and various fertilisation on the grain yield and quality of winter wheat. The long-term field trial with 40, 60 and 80% share of the cereals and two levels of fertilisation (H1 mineral fertilisation + organic manure Veget®; H2 mineral fertilisation only) were carried out in the very warm and dry area of continental weather on luvi-haplic chernozem. In the years 2010–2013, the grain yield, the wet gluten content, gluten index, the falling number and sedimentation index of winter wheat according to Zeleny were investigated. The significantly higher grain yield of winter wheat was recorded after preceding crop of common pea. The yield of cereals in crop rotation with 60% share of cereals (7.00 t/ha) was significantly higher than in crop rotation with 80% share of cereals (6.78 t/ha).The statistically higher wet gluten content after pea fore-crop was found out when the mineral fertilisation and organic fertiliser Veget® were applied (33.4%) with comparison to the treatment with mineral fertilisation only (30.08%).

scholarly journals Winter Barley Production in Relation to Crop Rotations, Fertilisation and Weather Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Mária Babulicová ◽  
Boryana Dyulgerova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Term Field

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of crop rotations, fertilisation and weather conditions on the grain yield and yield components of winter barley. Long-term field experiment was situated in the area of continental climate. There were the crop rotations with 40%, 60% and 80% share of the cereals. Two treatments of fertilisation were applied: H1 and H2. In the first treatment (H1), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in mineral fertilisers + organic manure Veget® were applied. In the second treatment (H2), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were applied in fertilisers only. Winter barley cultivar Barcelona was grown in years 2010-2015. The number of spikes per 1 m2, proportion of grains over sieve 2.5 + 2.8 mm and grain yield of winter barley were statistically significantly influenced by fertilisation. In the variant H1 (mineral fertilisation with addition of organic manure Veget®), the statistically higher (P ≤ 0.05) grain yield was obtained (5.71 t/ha) than in the treatment with mineral fertilisation only (5.30 t/ha). In the year 2011, which was very unfavourable for winter barley development, the grain yield in the treatment with mineral fertilisation with the addition of organic manure Veget® was by 1.23 t/ha (32.1%) higher than that in treatment with mineral fertilisa tion only.

scholarly journals Ecological controlling weed abundance in winter wheat crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Ya. Tsvei ◽  
R. Ivanina ◽  
Yu. Dubovyi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Rotation Factor ◽  
Time Of Harvest ◽  
Term Field

Goal. To study the effectiveness of fertilizers and crop rotation factor in controlling weed abundance in winter wheat crops. Methods. Long-term field and analytical. Results. Research data on the effectiveness of fertilizers and legumes predecessors in controlling weed abundance in winter wheat crops are presented. It has been established that the basis of weeding of winter wheat crops in the spring tillage phase was one- and dicotyledonous species, at the time of harvest — mostly by mass dicotyledonous. In the composition of the weeds, the largest competition for winter wheat crops for light and nutrients was created by Chenopodium album — 3.4—4.3 g/m2, Capsella bursa-pastoris L. — 0.6—4.0, Spergula vulgaris — 0.3—2.9, Fallopia convolvulus — 1.0—1.1 g/ m2. The use of mineral fertilizers significantly reduced the number of weeds in winter wheat crops at the beginning of the growing season and their mass at the time of harvest. Legume predecessors had not significant effect on the dynamics of weed development in winter wheat agrocenosis. Conclusions. The application of mineral fertilizers has been identified as an effective measure todecreaseweeds abundance and their mass in winter wheat crops. At the fertilizer doses N60Р60К60 the number of weeds in the spring tillage phase decreased by 6.3—6.5 times as compared to the control without fertilizers, and the mass of weeds at the time of harvest — by 2.6—3.0 times. Under the clover predecessor, the mass of dicotyledonous weeds at the time of harvest compared to the spring vetch was slightly higher with the predominance of Capsella bursa-pastoris L. — 2.5 g/m2 and Chenopodium album — 2.3 g/m2. Increasing the nitrogen dose for winter wheat from 60 to 90 kg/ha only in the clover rotation chain slightly increased the weed mass at the time of harvest. The total weeds mass in comparison with the nitrogen dose of 60 kg/ha increased by 2.7 g/m2.

EFFICIENCY OF BIOMODIFIED MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN THE CULTIVATION OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS ON THE CHERNOZEM REGIONS OF THE VOLGA FOREST-STEPPE

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
А. Kh. Kulikova ◽  
◽  
G. V. Saidyasheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Pure Steam

Research on the effectiveness biomodified mineral fertilizers were carried out on the basis of Ulyanovsk SRIA – SamSC RAS branch during the rotation grain fallow five fields crop rotation: pure steam – winter wheat – spring wheat – barley – oats in 2013-2018. The field experiment scheme included options (except control): with the introduction of biologics BisolbiFit (introduction with seeds that were treated before sowing), azofoski N15P15K15, in pure form, modified with biopreparation azofoski in the same dose N15P15K15, half a dose of modified azofoski (N7, 5 P7, 5 K7, 5). The effectiveness of fertilizers and biopreparations in crop cultivation was studied on three backgrounds: natural (control), ammonium nitrate at a dose of 40 kg ai/ha (NH4NO3), and modified ammonium nitrate at a dose of 20 kg DW/ha. It was established that modification of azofoski with Bisolbifit biopreparation can significantly increase the coefficients of use of elements from it by plants. The latter allows to reduce the dose of fertilizer, without reducing the productivity of cultivated crops, twice. Long-term cultivation of crops using only mineral fertilizers and biological products led to a relative decrease in the humus content in the soil and its acidification. For 6 years, the content of humus in the arable layer of leached chernozem decreased by 0.12 %, and the acidity of the soil solution increased by 0.5 pHKCI units. In the conditions of the Volga forest-steppe, when cultivated on chernozems, the highest-yielding winter wheat is (up to 4.00 t / ha or more, in our experiments 3.88-4.80 t / ha). The average yield of spring wheat was 2.68-3.31 t / ha, spring barley 2.67-3.21 t / ha, oats 2.15-2.71 t / ha. The highest productivity of crop rotation was observed against a background with modified ammonium nitrate at a dose of 20 kg ai/ha (½NH4NO3) when applying modified azofoski (N15P15K15). Grain harvest for 2013-2018 in this variant was 13.36 t / ha, exceeding the control variant on this background by 1.31 t / ha.

INFLUENCE OF AGROTECHNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES ON THE NITROGEN REGIME OF TYPICAL BLACK-SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
A.G. Stupakov ◽  
◽  
M.A. Kulikova ◽  
A.A. Orekhovskaya ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Nitric Nitrogen ◽  
Hydrolyzable Nitrogen ◽  
Southwest Part

In the conditions of a southwest part of CBR Russian Federation increase in content of alkaline-hydrolyzable and nitric nitrogen and also strengthening of nitrification ability of the soil in the black-soil typical is caused, mainly, by application of the increasing doses of mineral fertilizers, a manure after-action, use of long-term herbs in a crop rotation as predecessors of a winter wheat, and application, mostly, of plowing in the system of the main processing of the soil. The most noticeable variation of contents in the soil of alkaline-hydrolyzable nitrogen is noted for a layer of earth 20-50 cm, and nitrification ability of the soil – in a layer of 0-20 cm. The most significant increase in its contents in a layer of earth of 0-20 cm at a combination of mineral fertilizers and a manure is characteristic of nitric nitrogen, especially on plowing. The tendency to increase in content of nitrates in underlying layers is caused by application of the raised dose of mineral fertilizers under a winter wheat – N120P120K120 N60 (saturation of 1 hectare of the crop rotation area in a grain-grass-tilled crop rotation of N84P124K124 and in a grain-tilled crop rotation of N120P124K124) and an after-action for the fourth year of 40 and 80 ton/hectare of a manure (saturation of 8 and 16 ton/hectare).

Effects of Mineral Fertilizers and Organic Manure Long-Term Application on Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Black Soils in Harbin, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2925-2929
Author(s):  
Lian Feng Wang ◽  
Yan Jiao Qiao ◽  
Xi Linx Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Single Fertilization ◽  
Water Holding

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is an important greenhouse gas. CO2emission from different long-term fertilized black soils was investigated by incubation experiment at soil water content of 70% water holding capacity. Maximal CO2flux was observed at the beginning of 24-h and 48-h incubation after the rewetting of dry soil. Combined fertilizer nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) with manure (M) emitted the highest CO2-C, was up to 175 mg kg-1. Compared to zero fertilization (CK), fertilizers application increased CO2emission (P<0.05). Single fertilization N, P and potassium (K) increased CO2emission 19%, 43% and 22%, respectively. Combined two-way or three-way fertilizer N, P and K also increased CO2emission. Based on mineral fertilization, additional organic manure application furthered CO2emission. Two-way fertilizers (NP, NK and PK) application with organic manure increased CO2emission at the percentage of 398, 13.8 and 29.1, respectively (P<0.05). Although organic manure application ameliorated soil chemical, physical and biological conditions, organic manure fertilization increasing CO2emission should be considered in agricultural practice.

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