scholarly journals Winter Barley Production in Relation to Crop Rotations, Fertilisation and Weather Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Mária Babulicová ◽  
Boryana Dyulgerova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Term Field

Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of crop rotations, fertilisation and weather conditions on the grain yield and yield components of winter barley. Long-term field experiment was situated in the area of continental climate. There were the crop rotations with 40%, 60% and 80% share of the cereals. Two treatments of fertilisation were applied: H1 and H2. In the first treatment (H1), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in mineral fertilisers + organic manure Veget® were applied. In the second treatment (H2), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were applied in fertilisers only. Winter barley cultivar Barcelona was grown in years 2010-2015. The number of spikes per 1 m2, proportion of grains over sieve 2.5 + 2.8 mm and grain yield of winter barley were statistically significantly influenced by fertilisation. In the variant H1 (mineral fertilisation with addition of organic manure Veget®), the statistically higher (P ≤ 0.05) grain yield was obtained (5.71 t/ha) than in the treatment with mineral fertilisation only (5.30 t/ha). In the year 2011, which was very unfavourable for winter barley development, the grain yield in the treatment with mineral fertilisation with the addition of organic manure Veget® was by 1.23 t/ha (32.1%) higher than that in treatment with mineral fertilisa tion only.

scholarly journals The influence of fertilization and crop rotation on the winter wheat production

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Babulicová
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Preceding Crop ◽  
Term Field

In a long-term field experiment winter wheat was grown in crop rotations with 40, 60 and 80% proportion of cereals. Two levels of fertilization were used: H<sub>1</sub> &ndash; mineral fertilization N, P, K + organic fertilization Veget&reg;; H<sub>2</sub> &ndash; only mineral fertilization N, P, K. Winter what was grown after two preceding crops: pea and winter barley. In&nbsp;2010&ndash;2012 the grain yield of winter wheat after pea was statistically higher at fertilization with mineral fertilizers N, P, K and organic manure Veget&reg; (7.15 t/ha) in comparison with mineral fertilizers only (6.65 t/ha). In crop rotation with 80% of cereals the grain yield of winter wheat after pea as a preceding crop was statistically higher&nbsp;(6.81 t/ha) than after winter barley (5.59 t/ha). The rising of grain yield at 1.9 t/ha was achieved by suitable preceding crop (pea) and by combined fertilization (mineral fertilizers N, P, K + organic manure Veget&reg;). The grain yield of winter wheat 5.24 t was obtained by mineral fertilization N, P, K only and after winter barley. By mineral fertilization N, P, K + organic manure Veget&reg;) and after pea as a preceding crop the grain yield of winter wheat 7.14 t/ha was reached.

scholarly journals Communicating the Risks and Benefits of Human Urine-Derived Fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9973
Author(s):  
Alex Segrè Cohen ◽  
Nancy G. Love ◽  
Joseph Árvai
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Public Acceptance ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Urine Diversion ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Ensuring long-term access to nutrients needed for food production is a growing global challenge. Human urine diversion and recycling is a viable and energy-efficient means of recovering nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from wastewater. Before implementation, however, it is critical to understand how communicating differently about human urine-derived fertilizer may influence its public acceptance. This study tests how different strategies of communication (video compared to texts), as well as different amounts of information, impact public acceptance. We also explored how specific characteristics, such as age and education level, may impact the usefulness of the different strategies of communication. The results indicate that short and long videos are the most useful risk communication strategies, and age fully moderates this relationship. This research may serve as a jumping off point for future studies focused on how risk communication strategies may affect consumer acceptance of other emerging food technologies.

scholarly journals Pre-Anthesis Nutritional Status of Spelt Wheat as a Tool for Predicting the Attainable Grain Yield

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Witold Grzebisz ◽  
Przemysław Barłóg ◽  
Jan Kryszak ◽  
Remigiusz Łukowiak
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
Spelt Wheat ◽  
Nutritional Factor ◽  
Supply Potential ◽  
Term Field

The nutrient content in leaves of spelt wheat at late heading is crucial for the development of its yield components, and in consequence, grain yield. This hypothesis was verified based on data from long-term field experiments with four potassium (K) treatments based on the progressive K supply potential to plants from soil and fertilizer and two magnesium treatments (−Mg, +Mg). The number of ears (NE) and the number of grains per ear (NGE) responded significantly to the increased K and Mg supply. The grain yield was positively correlated with NGE. A shortage of N and Mg resulted in a lower NGE, whereas a shortage of N and Zn, concomitant with an excess of Ca, resulted in a significant decrease in NGE and thousand-grain weight. This effect can be diminished by the increased content of Mg. It has been revealed that the content of Zn in leaves of spelt wheat at heading is an important nutritional factor effectively controlling N, P and Fe contents in grain, and consequently, grain yield. This study showed that the content of nutrients in spelt leaves measured just before anthesis can be used for reliable prediction of the grain yield.

scholarly journals Determination of Indigenous Nutrient Supplying Capacity of Soil Through Omission Plot Experiment for Wheat in Western Terai of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
N. Rawal ◽  
N. Khatri ◽  
C. B. GC ◽  
B. P. Chaurasiya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The field experiment was conducted to estimate the native nutrient supplying capacity of soil in western terai of Nepal during 2013/14 and 2014/15. The experimental site consisted three areas: Pakadi VDC ward no.-3, Barrohiya of Kapilvastu district; Ramgram municipality ward no.-1, Sanda of Nawalparasi district and Tukuligadh VDC ward no.-1, Rehara of Rupandehi district. The indigenous nutrients supplying capacity of the soil was determined by establishing omission plots for wheat cultivation with six treatments each of 50 m2 and 4 farmers from each site was taken assuming one farmer as one replication. Among the six treatments, -N, -P, -K, –Zn and –B were set to estimate the inherent N, P, K, Zn and B supplying capacity of soil respectively. From two years of experiment, it has been clear that inherent N and K supplying capacity of soil in selected areas is very low. The highest grain yield of 3.33 t/ha and 2.75 t/ha was measured from fully fertilized plots in 2013/14 and 2014/15 respectively and the lowest grain yield of wheat was obtained from nitrogen missing plots in both years (1.74 t/ha and 1.51 ton/ha) followed by potassium missing plots (1.74t/ha). Farmers manage their field in a different way, so large variation was seen even in small area. Nitrogen was found to be most limiting nutrient for wheat growth followed by potassium and phosphorous in all sites. Therefore, use of optimum dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used for efficient nutrient uptake which ultimately increases wheat productivity.

The relationship between the yields of eight varieties of Nigerian maize and content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaf at flowering stage

1972 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinola A. Agboola
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

SUMMARYStudies of the relationship between yield and content of N, P and K in the ear leaf of eight varieties of Nigerian maize, tested for three growing seasons, indicated that the varieties have different critical nutrient levels, although the values obtained for individual varieties were not significantly different from the pooled average critical level for any of the nutrients. The critical levels ranged from 2·85 to 3·19% N, 0·20 to 0·27% P and 2·06 to 2·60% K, while their pooled averages were 3·10% N, 0·23% P and 2·44% K.High ear leaf nutrient content was not a guarantee of high grain yield, and ear leaf nutrient values of low-yielding varieties were similar to those of the high-yielding varieties.

scholarly journals Drought response of modern and old oat lines in greenhouse and long-term field trials

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirjo Mäkelä ◽  
Leena Väärälä ◽  
Riikka Rajalahti ◽  
Ari Rajala ◽  
Pirjo Peltonen-Sainio
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Drought Response ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Plant Breeding Institute ◽  
The University ◽  
Term Field

This study compares the response of old and modern oat (Avena sutiva L.) lines to pre-anthesis precipitation in long-term field trials, and to pre- and post-anthesis drought in the greenhouse. Long-term field trials were carried out at the Experimental Farms of Hankkija Plant Breeding Institute and the University of Helsinki between 1965 and 1988. Grain yield of 12 oat lines (released since 1959) was compared with that of the check lines. The effect of differences in May-June precipitation on grain yield was established for different lines. Greenhouse experiments included 19 oat lines (released since 1921) and three wild species of oat (A. barbata L., A. sterilis max. L. and A. fatua L.). The data from greenhouse experiments were analysed using discriminant analysis in groups of old (released before 1970s), modern, and wild oat types. Ranking of the oat lines according to results from long-term field trials and greenhouse experiments was not consistent; contrary to the field experiments, the old lines tended to be the most drought sensitive when tested in the greenhouse. Therefore, the simple and non-laborious methods used in this study for ranking of drought sensitivity of oat lines are not recommended.

scholarly journals Effect of the placement of fertilizer on the development of spring wheat

1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Erkki Aura
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Roots ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Uptake Of Nutrients ◽  
Experimental Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Better Than

The placement of fertilizer was studied in the field trial on a clay soil in Southern Finland. The placement of fertilizer in the depth of 8 cm gave 28 per cent greater grain yield of spring wheat, and the placement in the depth of 12 cm 26 per cent greater grain yield than the surface dressing. The growth of shoots on the soil receiving placement was much better than on the soil receiving surface dressing. The results of shoot analyses showed that the placement caused a much greater uptake of nutrients than the surface dressing. The uptake of nitrogen was relatively most increased by the placement, somewhat less that of potassium and least that of phosphorus. The ripening of wheat was speeded up by the placement, which probably was due to the better early uptake of nitrogen and to the better uptake of phosphorus by means of the placing. The superiority of the placement to the surface dressing could be explained by the distribution of nutrients in the experimental soil during the dry early part of the growth season. A great deal of fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium remained near the surface of the soil receiving surface dressing, and plants were not able to take up nutrients from the dry surface layer. On the contrary, the placed nutrients were deeper, in moister soil and better within the reach of wheat roots. Any movement of ammonium nitrogen was not found by the used methods. Nitrate nitrogen appeared to move to a greater extent particularly in the irrigated plots.

scholarly journals Influence of long-term fertilization on yield and quality of spring triticale grain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hryhorii Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
Vitalii Liubych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
National University ◽  
Fertilizer System

Triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) is a promising cereal crop that has a number of economically valuable properties that are absent in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The research was conducted at Uman National University of Horticulture (Ukraine) in a long-term stationary experiment, founded in 1964. The aim of the work was to study the influence of long-term application of different fertilizer systems (mineral, organic and organo-mineral) on the yield and grain quality of spring triticale. It has been established that in the conditions of high air temperature and soil moisture deficit, mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems have an advantage. In sufficient wet conditions, all studied fertilizer systems are highly efficient. Spring triticale (Kharkiv Hlibodar variety) has a high reaction to fertilizers, as grain yield increases from 6.3–6.6 to 9.0–9.5 t ha-1 (р≤0.05). Mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems have the greatest effect on protein content. In conditions of sufficient moisture, all levels of mineral and organo-mineral fertilizer systems significantly increase the protein content in spring triticale grain. In arid conditions, saturation of crop rotation area with N90P90K90 (M2), N135P135K135 (M3) and Manure 9 t +N46P68K36 (OM2), Manure 13.5 t + N69P102K54 (OM3) is preferred. It should be noted that spring triticale is quite reactive with fertilizers, as the protein content increases from 13.2–14.0 to 15.2–16.0% (р≤0.05) depending on the fertilizer system. The high influence of fertilizer system and year factors on yield and protein content in triticale grain has been established. It should be noted that spring triticale grain yield varies most from the weather conditions of the growing season.

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