scholarly journals Density and coverage of the carob tree "Prosopis pallida" in the Sechura desert

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Saenz Cortez ◽  
Johanna Mariel Vilela Saldarriaga
Keyword(s):  
2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Custódio ◽  
Eliana Fernandes ◽  
Ana Luisa Escapa ◽  
Sandra López-Avilés ◽  
Alba Fajardo ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Alex Baumel ◽  
Gonzalo Nieto Feliner ◽  
Frederic Medail ◽  
Stefano La Malfa ◽  
Mario Diguardo ◽  
...  

Intense research efforts on phylogeography over the last two decades uncovered major biogeographical trends and renewed our understandings of plant domestication in the Mediterranean. We aim to investigate the evolutionary history and the origin of domestication of the carob tree that has been cultivated for millennia for food and fodder. We used >1000 microsatellite genotypes to identify carob evolutionary units (CEUs) based on genetic diversity structure and geography. We investigated genome-wide diversity and evolutionary patterns of the CEUs with 3557 SNPs generated by restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq). The 56 populations sampled across the Mediterranean basin, classified as natural, semi-natural or cultivated, were examined. Although, RADseq data are consistent with previous studies identifying a strong West-to-East genetic structure and considerable admixture in some geographic parts, we reconstructed a new phylogeographic scenario with two migration routes occurring from a single refugium likely located in South-Western Morocco. Our results do not favour the regionally bound or single origin of domestication. Indeed, our findings support a cultivation model of locally selected wild genotypes, albeit punctuated by long-distance westward dispersals of domesticated varieties by humans, concomitant with major cultural waves by Romans and Arabs in the regions of dispersal. Ex-situ efforts to preserve carob genetic resources should prioritize accessions from both western and eastern populations, with emphasis on the most differentiated CEUs situated in South-Western Morocco, South Spain and Eastern Mediterranean. Our study underscores the relevance of natural and seminatural habitats of Mediterranean forests and their refugia in the conservation efforts of tree crops.


2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 376-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunther Teubner

The Talmud tells us how once during a heated halachic discussion, when no agreement could be reached, Rabbi Eliezer, whose detailed, elegantly justified legal opinion was not shared by the majority, said that if he were right, a carob tree outside would move to prove it. When it did move, the other rabbis remained unimpressed. Eliezer claimed that if he were right, a nearby stream would flow backwards - and it did; he claimed that the schoolhouse walls would bend - and they did. But the rabbis were not impressed by these wonders either. Finally he said heaven itself would prove him right. Thereupon a Heavenly Voice confirmed Eliezer's position. Yet the rabbis disagreed even with this voice, saying: “We pay no attention to a Heavenly Voice, because Thou hast long since written in the Torah at Mount Sinai, after the majority must one incline”. And God laughed, saying “My sons have defeated Me, My sons have defeated Me.”


1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN GRAINGER ◽  
NICHOLAS WINER
Keyword(s):  

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (13) ◽  
pp. 7005-7012 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Custódio ◽  
E. Fernandes ◽  
A. L. Escapa ◽  
A. Fajardo ◽  
R. Aligué ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (35) ◽  
pp. 35365-35374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andriana Krokou ◽  
Marinos Stylianou ◽  
Agapios Agapiou

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Gugliuzzo ◽  
Giulio Criscione ◽  
Giovanna Tropea Garzia

Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), commonly known as the black twig borer, was reported in Sicily (Italy) at the end of 2016, infesting Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) twigs, large branches, and trunks. Previous research indicated that X. compactus attacks only small twigs and branches, not large branches and tree trunks. This unusual behavior was monitored through the two following years in five sites in Ragusa province (Sicily, Italy). For each of the monitored sites, the diameter of the infested trunks and branches was recorded. Samples of branches and trunks presenting galleries were removed from the trees and analyzed in the laboratory. Xylosandrus compactus occurred on branches of all monitored trees, while the percentage of infested trunks of carob trees ranged from 60% to 80%. Inside the infested galleries, all biological stages of X. compactus were found. Infestations were also recorded on trunks and branches with diameters greater than 80 cm and 30 cm, respectively. The mean number of X. compactus specimens inside the galleries was recorded and gallery shape was described. Unordinary behaviors, like the one described here for the first time, can affect the current efficiency of management recommendations.


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