Sectional anatomy of auditory tube

The auditory tube connects the tympanic cavity with nasopharynx. Due to its structure and position, it is difficult to demonstrate the auditory tube in its whole length and to study its topography on anatomical specimens. The purpose of our study was to present the sectional anatomy of the auditory tube in order to facilitate understanding of its structure and topography. We utilized serial sections of the cadaveric head in four planes: transverse, oblique, frontal and sagittal. The osseous part of the auditory tube was demonstrated on transverse sections and most of the cartilaginous part on oblique sections of the head and neck. The tensor veli palati muscle was found to consist of bilaminar muscle sheet: the outer part originating from the skull base and the inner part originating from the lateral cartilaginous lamina and membranous part of the tube. Topographic relations seen on four section planes were described in detail. The structure, course, and topography of auditory tube are well demonstrated on sectional images. Detailed knowledge of the sectional anatomy of the auditory tube is important for the interpretation of corresponding computerized tomographic and magnetic resonance images, and in understanding the disorders and diseases affecting the middle ear and mastoid.

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Surgical mapping of middle ear cholesteatoma with fusion of computed tomography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images: Diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109788 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 129 ◽

pp. 109788 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sunil Dutt Sharma ◽

Andrew Hall ◽

Anthony C. Bartley ◽

Paul Bassett ◽

Arvind Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Interobserver Agreement ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

Middle Ear Cholesteatoma ◽

And Diffusion

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Resonance Imaging of the Eustachian Tube Cartilage in Microtia

The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal ◽

10.1597/1545-1569_1998_035_0026_riotet_2.3.co_2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 26-34

Author(s):

Yoshinor Imai ◽

Kiyoshi Matsuo ◽

Naomi Imai

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Eustachian Tube ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Facial Palsy ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Proton Density ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Ear Malformations ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Straight Lines

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine whether external and internal defects in microtia are related. Method Magnetic resonance images of the eustachian tube cartilage were evaluated for 20 patients who had unilateral microtia. Nineteen patients were classified as Grade 2, and one was classified as Grade 3. The Grade 3 patient also had unilateral facial palsy. Results On T1-, T2-, and proton-density-weighted images, the eustachian tube cartilage was clearly identified as a pair of straight lines with low signal intensity. There was no evidence of hypoplasia of the eustachian tube cartilage on the microtic side in any Grade 2 patient, but hypoplasia was evident on the microtic side of the patient classified as Grade 3. Conclusion These findings are consistent with the view that impairment of embryonic development before 6 weeks results in injury to the immature pri-mordium and malformation of both the external and middle ear. In contrast, injuries that occur at a later fetal age (i.e., after 3 months) do not appear to cause middle ear malformations.

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FUSION OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES FOR DETECTION OF PRIMARY, RESIDUAL AND RECURRENT CHOLESTEATOMA OF THE MIDDLE EAR

Almanac of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.18786/2072-0505-2016-44-7- ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 835-840

Author(s):

E. A. Stepanova ◽

M. V. Vishnyakova ◽

A. S. Abramenko ◽

V. I. Sambulov

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

And Diffusion

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Pathology of pharyngeal tonsils in pathogenesis of auditory tube dysfunction in children

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2018-11-54-57 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 54-57

Author(s):

E. P. Merkulova

Keyword(s):

Functional Status ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Tympanic Cavity ◽

Auditory Tube ◽

Tube Dysfunction

In this study it has been studied the functional status of the middle ear, depending on the pathology of the tonsils of the pharynx. There has been discovered the dependence of the auditory tube dysfunction, the presence of the nosological form of the disease and age of the children. The highest risk of severe obstruction of the auditory tube exudate with persistent tympanic cavity is installed in infants with associated hypertrophy of the tonsils of the pharynx.

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Not All ENT Granulomas Are Wegener’s – Keep Tuberculosis in Mind

European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine ◽

10.12890/2020_001469 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bárbara Pedro ◽

Marta Meleiro ◽

António Marinho

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽

Immunosuppressive Treatment ◽

Tympanic Cavity ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Biopsy Result ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Mycobacterium tuberculosis affects the middle ear in rare cases and is a challenging diagnosis. In this case, we present a 57-year-old patient diagnosed with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-negative granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) following a biopsy result of nasal granulomas, who was immediately started on immunosuppressive treatment. Years later, she developed progressive hypoacusis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an extensive mass in the tympanic cavity extending to the mastoid. A biopsy of the mass was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Immunosuppressants were weaned and the patient was started on anti-tuberculous therapy with resolution of the complaints and findings. Tuberculous infections are difficult to diagnose and frequently mimic other illnesses, but in our case, we believe that an indolent tuberculous process was present from the beginning and evolved under immunosuppressive therapy.

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Drug delivery to the tympanum with otitis media with effusion

Russian otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.18692/1810-4800-2020-4-48-54 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 48-54

Author(s):

A. I. Kryukov ◽

◽

G. Yu. Tsarapkin ◽

E. V. Gorovaya ◽

A. E. Kishinevskii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Otitis Media ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Otitis Media With Effusion ◽

Tympanic Cavity ◽

Average Volume ◽

Liquid Form ◽

Auditory Tube ◽

Antiseptic Solution ◽

Second Stage ◽

Endotracheal Anesthesia

Treatment of otitis media with effusion (OME) in most cases requires topical application of medications, which are designed to stop the inflammatory process and act on exudate in the middle ear cavity. One of the most common treatments for OME is catheterization of the auditory tube using a Guillot catheter, which is not always effective. This work presents the second stage of the study on the introduction of drugs into the middle ear using an original ear catheter. The study included patients with OME (N = 14, the duration of the disease from 2 to 3 months). The patients underwent surgical treatment: bypass of the eardrum, septoplasty, turbinoplasty under endotracheal anesthesia. An intraoperative experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of catheterization of the auditory tube with an original catheter, a tinted solution and Miramistin solution. In all 14 cases, the eardrum of the affected ear during catheterization made oscillatory movements, synchronously with the reciprocating movements of the syringe plunger. In 2 cases (14.3%), we did not visualize the tinted solution behind the eardrum. The full filling of the tympanic cavity with tinted saline was 4 patients (28.6%), while the average volume of the injected solution (V) was 4.09 ml, and in 8 ears (57.1%) the tympanic cavity was partially filled with the contrast solution (V = 7.0 ml). In case of transtubar injection of Miramistin solution in the tympanic cavity in all cases (14 ears), the antiseptic solution enters the external auditory canal after myringotomy. By correlating the average volume of the tympanic cavity with the volume of the injected drug necessary for the initial filling of the tympanic cavity, the minimum loss of the liquid form of the drug was 1: 2.

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An emerging technology: Nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010010706x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 1000-1001

Author(s):

M.J. Hennessy ◽

E. Kwok

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Relaxation Times ◽

Basic Research ◽

Local Environment ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Nmr Microscopy ◽

Mri Scans ◽

Temperature Relaxation ◽

Nuclear Magnetic

Much progress in nuclear magnetic resonance microscope has been made in the last few years as a result of improved instrumentation and techniques being made available through basic research in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies for medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was first observed in the hydrogen nucleus in water by Bloch, Purcell and Pound over 40 years ago. Today, in medicine, virtually all commercial MRI scans are made of water bound in tissue. This is also true for NMR microscopy, which has focussed mainly on biological applications. The reason water is the favored molecule for NMR is because water is,the most abundant molecule in biology. It is also the most NMR sensitive having the largest nuclear magnetic moment and having reasonable room temperature relaxation times (from 10 ms to 3 sec). The contrast seen in magnetic resonance images is due mostly to distribution of water relaxation times in sample which are extremely sensitive to the local environment.

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Functional information from magnetic resonance imaging

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100136799 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 84-85

Author(s):

Alan P. Koretsky ◽

Afonso Costa e Silva ◽

Yi-Jen Lin

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

High Resolution ◽

Cancer Biology ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Great Success ◽

Functional Information ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

High Resolution Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become established as an important imaging modality for the clinical management of disease. This is primarily due to the great tissue contrast inherent in magnetic resonance images of normal and diseased organs. Due to the wide availability of high field magnets and the ability to generate large and rapidly switched magnetic field gradients there is growing interest in applying high resolution MRI to obtain microscopic information. This symposium on MRI microscopy highlights new developments that are leading to increased resolution. The application of high resolution MRI to significant problems in developmental biology and cancer biology will illustrate the potential of these techniques.In combination with a growing interest in obtaining high resolution MRI there is also a growing interest in obtaining functional information from MRI. The great success of MRI in clinical applications is due to the inherent contrast obtained from different tissues leading to anatomical information.

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