Audiological characteristics in patients with varying severity of tinnitus

The purpose of the work is to identify the existence of a relationship between the severity of ear noise according to THI (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory) and the results of audiological and neurophysiological studies. Materials and methods: As participants in the study, 100 patients from the main group with complaints of tinnitus were selected: 69 women and 31 men; the average age was 48.1 ± 9.3 years. Otolaryngological examination, audiological and neurophysiological (registration of trigeminal induced potentials) examination of 100 patients with complaints of tinnitus or in the head was carried out. Results: The correlation between THI and noise measurement data is undefined. The relationship between the degree of aggravation of ear noise and impedancebarometry data in the Toynbee and Valsalva maneuvers was revealed. Patients with medium tinnitus severity show a greater shift towards negative pressure compared to moderate patients. Conclusions: The degree of aggravation of tinnitus does not affect the indicators of noise measurement. Large pressure shifts during the Toynbee test in some patients are likely due to the effect on the function of the auditory tube muscles of certain forms of rhinitis. Secondary tension of the muscles of the auditory tube against the background of increased excitability of the trigeminal system in patients with more pronounced tinnitus is not excluded.

Guttural pouch equine: topography and vascularization

The guttural pouch is a diverticulum of the auditory tube, the function of which hasn’t been fully understood yet. The work reveals the anatomy and topography of the guttural pouch. This knowledge is necessary for the treatment of mycosis of the guttural pouch, disease leading to toxic hepatitis. The examination includes postmortem dissection, sagittal head section, and cerebral bilateral angioradiography. The auditory tube diverticulum is a complex anatomical structure, consisting of a volumetric cavity, divided by the stylohyoid into rostral and caudal sections. Large maxillary, external and internal carotid arteries, some cranial nerves pass along the lateral wall of the diverticulum. The tissues of the wall of the diverticulum are affected by the angiotropic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. The main role of the studied arteries in mycosis of the guttural pouch wall is to provide the pathogenic fungus with nutrients, which leads to destruction of vascular wall and lethal epistaxis. The placement of arteries near the most important cranial nerves causes the damage of them and the development of severe neurological disorders. The diameter of the arteries determines the choice of occlusive material for the surgical treatment of mycosis. Latin anatomical terminology corresponds to the 6th edition of the International Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature.

INFLUENCE OF NON-DRUG THERAPY ON REHABILITATION TIME AND SKEET SHOOTING AFTER RHINOSURGICAL INTERVENTIONS

Aim. The paper aims to study the effect of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation on tissue regeneration and return to skeet shooting in athletes after rhinosurgical interventions. Materials and methods. 16 skeet shooters with eustachitis provoked by nasal septum deviation were treated in the department of otorhinolaryngology at Chelyabinsk city clinical hospital No 1 in the period from 2019 to 2020. Comprehensive postoperative treatment was combined with low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation therapy. Treatment was provided on a daily basis in accordance with clinical recommendations. Objective and subjective clinical and rhinological data about nasal mucous membranes were studied, as well as the effect of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation on regeneration processes and auditory tube function recovery. Results. The use of low-frequency ultrasonic cavitation therapy in early postoperative period improves regeneration of operated cavities, removes tissue swelling, and restores ventilation function of the auditory tube. Conclusions. Short-term application of low-frequency ultrasonic irrigation of nasal cavities allows to improve tissue regeneration, restore tubal function, remove postsurgical alternative inflammation and swelling of nasal cavity mucosa, return to skeet shooting.

Inadvertent catheterisation of the auditory tube during myringotomy in a dog

A four-year-old female neutered Cocker Spaniel with a two-year history of relapsing bilateral otitis underwent general anaesthesia and myringotomy for the management of otitis media. This had been previously diagnosed using CT and video-otoscopy six weeks earlier. Due to the thickened and convex nature of the tympanum, the myringotomy incision was made in the caudodorsal quadrant of the tympanum and not the caudoventral quadrant as intended. The catheter advanced freely for several centimetres and air was aspirated. CT confirmed that the catheter had passed through the auditory tube and into the nasopharynx. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of inadvertent auditory tube catheterisation during myringotomy in the dog. It highlights the importance of accurate catheter placement and the difficulties associated with this in thickened or bulging tympanic membranes.

Middle ear functional state in case of pathological changes of nose and throat

Objectives -to compare the functional state of middle ear in adults in case of various pathology of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and throat. Material and methods. In 2018-2019 period, 151 patient, aged from 16 to 70 years, was examined by acoustic impedancemetry. The patients reported the subjective satisfactory state of the acoustic organ, but had a pathology of the upper respiratory tract. Results. In the groups, there were no significant differences associated with gender. Most of the patients were of working age. In all study groups, the impaired function of the auditory tube, with various intensity, was registered, although the patients had no hearing complaints. At the same time, the acumetry and tonal threshold audiometry data indicated the normal acuity of hearing. Conclusion. Acute and chronic sinusitis was the most frequent risk factor for middle ear ventilation disorder. A quarter of patients with acute sinusitis, without otological complaints, had type B and C tympanograms. 93.7% of patients, who had undergone the surgical correction of the deviated nasal septum, did not have a middle ear ventilation disorder. Surgical intervention in the nasal cavity and oropharynx leads to a transient dysfunction of the auditory tube, but does not require special treatment due to self-recovery.