scholarly journals Adsorption of nickel and cadmium by corn cob biomass chemically modified with alumina nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Herrera-Barros ◽  
C. Tejada-Tovar ◽  
A.D. Villabona-Ortiz ◽  
A.D. Gonzalez-Delgado ◽  
J. Alvarez-Calderon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Cob Biomass

scholarly journals Adsorption of nickel and cadmium by corn cob biomass chemically modified with alumina nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
A. Herrera-Barros ◽  
C. Tejada-Tovar ◽  
A.D. Villabona-Ortiz ◽  
A.D. Gonzalez-Delgado ◽  
J. Alvarez-Calderon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Cob Biomass

scholarly journals Multimodular fused acetyl–feruloyl esterases from soil and gut Bacteroidetes improve xylanase depolymerization of recalcitrant biomass

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathleen Kmezik ◽  
Cyrielle Bonzom ◽  
Lisbeth Olsson ◽  
Scott Mazurkewich ◽  
Johan Larsbrink
Keyword(s):  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolase ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Biomass Degradation ◽  
Carbohydrate Esterase ◽  
Catalytic Domains ◽  
Cob Biomass ◽  
Carbohydrate Esterases

Abstract Background Plant biomass is an abundant and renewable carbon source that is recalcitrant towards both chemical and biochemical degradation. Xylan is the second most abundant polysaccharide in biomass after cellulose, and it possesses a variety of carbohydrate substitutions and non-carbohydrate decorations which can impede enzymatic degradation by glycoside hydrolases. Carbohydrate esterases are able to cleave the ester-linked decorations and thereby improve the accessibility of the xylan backbone to glycoside hydrolases, thus improving the degradation process. Enzymes comprising multiple catalytic glycoside hydrolase domains on the same polypeptide have previously been shown to exhibit intramolecular synergism during degradation of biomass. Similarly, natively fused carbohydrate esterase domains are encoded by certain bacteria, but whether these enzymes can result in similar synergistic boosts in biomass degradation has not previously been evaluated. Results Two carbohydrate esterases with similar architectures, each comprising two distinct physically linked catalytic domains from families 1 (CE1) and 6 (CE6), were selected from xylan-targeting polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) encoded by the Bacteroidetes species Bacteroides ovatus and Flavobacterium johnsoniae. The full-length enzymes as well as the individual catalytic domains showed activity on a range of synthetic model substrates, corn cob biomass, and Japanese beechwood biomass, with predominant acetyl esterase activity for the N-terminal CE6 domains and feruloyl esterase activity for the C-terminal CE1 domains. Moreover, several of the enzyme constructs were able to substantially boost the performance of a commercially available xylanase on corn cob biomass (close to twofold) and Japanese beechwood biomass (up to 20-fold). Interestingly, a significant improvement in xylanase biomass degradation was observed following addition of the full-length multidomain enzyme from B. ovatus versus the addition of its two separated single domains, indicating an intramolecular synergy between the esterase domains. Despite high sequence similarities between the esterase domains from B. ovatus and F. johnsoniae, their addition to the xylanolytic reaction led to different degradation patterns. Conclusion We demonstrated that multidomain carbohydrate esterases, targeting the non-carbohydrate decorations on different xylan polysaccharides, can considerably facilitate glycoside hydrolase-mediated hydrolysis of xylan and xylan-rich biomass. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time a synergistic effect between the two fused catalytic domains of a multidomain carbohydrate esterase.

scholarly journals Application of Chemically Modified and Unmodified Waste Biological Sorbents in Treatment of Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kanayochukwu Nduka
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Glass Column ◽  
Ground Material

Protein wastes (feathers, goat hair) and cellulosic wastes (corn cob, coconut husks) were collected and washed with detergent solution, thoroughly rinsed and sun dried for 2 days before drying in an oven, and then ground. One-half of ground material was carbonized at a maximum temperature of 500°C after mixing with H2SO4. The carbonized parts were pulverized; both carbonized and uncarbonized sorbents were sieved into two particle sizes of 325 and 625 μm using mechanical sieve. Sorbents of a given particle size were packed into glass column.Then, textile wastewater that had its physicochemical parameters previously determined was eluted into each glass column and a contact time of 60 and 120 mins was allowed before analysis. Results showed 48.15–99.98 percentage reduction of , EC, Cl−, BOD, COD, DO, TSS, and TDS, 34.67–99.93 percentage reduction of , EC, Cl−, BOD, COD, DO, TSS, and TDS, 52.83–97.95 percentage reduction of Pb2+, Ni2+, Cr3+and Mn2+and 34.59–94.87 percentage reduction of Pb2+, Ni2+, Cr3+and Mn2+. Carbonization, small particle, size and longer contact time enhanced the sorption capabilities of the sorbents. These show that protein and cellulosic wastes can be used to detoxify wastewater.

scholarly journals Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Cd(II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Chemically Modified Corn Cob

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 781-786
Author(s):  
Waraporn WICHAITA ◽  
Chanatip SAMART ◽  
Prasert REUBROYCHAROEN ◽  
Boonyawan YOOSUK ◽  
Suwadee KONGPARAKUL
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Chemically Modified

Kinetic and dynamic study of Cr (VI) adsorption onto chemically modified corn cob

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (28) ◽  
pp. 1383-1391
Author(s):  
Angel Villabona-Ortiz ◽  
Candelaria Tejada-Tovar ◽  
Adriana Herrera-Barros ◽  
Angel Gonzalez-Delgado ◽  
Juan Nunez-Zarur
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Study ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Chemically Modified

Chemically modified alumina nanoparticles for selective solid phase extraction and preconcentration of trace amounts of Cd(II)

2011 ◽  
Vol 175 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Afkhami ◽  
Tayyebeh Madrakian ◽  
Reza Ahmadi ◽  
Hasan Bagheri ◽  
Masoumeh Tabatabaee
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Modified Alumina ◽  
Chemically Modified

scholarly journals Use of carbonized corn cob biomass to reduce acidity of residual frying oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e51303
Author(s):  
Aline Bavaresco ◽  
Jhessica Marchini Fonseca ◽  
Fabiano Bisinella Scheufele ◽  
Camila da Silva ◽  
Joel Gustavo Teleken
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
A Value ◽  
Calorific Power ◽  
Cob Biomass ◽  
Molecular Sieving

The objective of this work was to evaluate the ability of CCC as an adsorbent material for the acidity removal of RFO, aiming at the application of the oil in biodiesel production. For that, a RCCD was used for FFA removal by applying the CCC and CAC for comparative purposes. In the RCCD removal assays the effect of the Temperature, Agitation and Mass factors were assessed over acidity removal of the oil. Under the best conditions from RCCD, an evaluation of adsorption kinetics was performed, wherein it was observed the equilibrium was reached within 4 h, for the CCC. Also, the influence of the adsorbent dosage was performed. It was verified that 4 g was sufficient to allow the system to reach the maximum FFA removal. Overall, the CCC presented results approximately twice as high than those obtained by the CAC, mainly due to the pore size distribution which led to a “molecular sieving effect” for the CCC adsorbent. It allowed the major diffusion of the FFA molecules inside its narrow-distributed pores, whereas the CAC with a wider pore distribution (up to 260 Å) resulted in the larger molecules competition for the active sites inside the porous structure. The adsorbents’ characterization also evidenced that CCC adsorbent presented a higher content of oxygenated groups in its surface which acted as potential active sites for the FFA molecules resulting in an enhanced adsorbent-adsorbate affinity. Lastly, the wastes generated in the adsorption experiments, were evaluated as to their calorific power resulting in a value of 31,933 J g-1, suggesting that it could be further used for energetic purposes, such as a solid fuel for boilers and furnaces to generate thermal energy. Based on these results, the CCC stands out as a promising material for RFO acidity removal.

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