scholarly journals Rural Credit Co-operatives: Significance, Challenges and the Road Ahead

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Sury
Keyword(s):  
Rural India ◽  
Dual Control ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
The Road ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Accumulated Losses ◽  
Governmental Control

Rural co-operatives form an integral part of the rural credit system in India. They are the main source of institutional credit to the farmers, and are chiefly responsible for breaking the monopoly of moneylenders in providing credit to the agriculturists. Despite the phenomenal outreach and volume of operations, the financial health of a very large proportion of rural credit co-operatives has deteriorated significantly. The institutions are beset with problems like low resource base, high dependence on external sources of funding, excessive governmental control, dual control, huge accumulated losses, imbalances, poor business diversification, low recovery etc. These institutions do not, therefore, inspire confidence among their existing and potential members, depositors, borrowers and lenders. Thus, there is a need to find ways for strengthening the co-operative movement and making it a well-managed and vibrant medium to serve the credit needs of rural India, especially the small and marginal farmers.

Role of local banks as potential primary stakeholders in community-type destinations

2010 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Credit Unions ◽  
Community Type ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Tourist Development

The aim of the paper is to analyse the role of rural credit unions (CRs) in the local financial system and their position as potential primary stakeholders in communitytype destinations. These destinations could be considered as networks characterised by relationships to be understood through the network approach and stakeholder theory. In community-type destinations the level of integration of the tourist offer depends on the intensity and structure of relationships, that is, on the coordination among enterprises, public bodies, local communities and destination management organisations, that manage only a part of the resources and participate with distinct roles, capabilities and power. In these destinations the local credit system has a fundamental role, since it funds enterprises and takes part in local development projects. The CRs are cooperative banks that - by statute - foster economic and social development of the territory. The field research conducted in a typical community-type destination in Italy investigated if there exists a link between the role of the CRs and the development of the tourist offer, to test if they are also primary stakeholders for the tourist development of the territory. The research highlights that CRs are primary stakeholders for the development of traditional economic activities and that they have mainly a financing role for the development of the tourist offer. Signals of change in role are perceivable within the network: from financier to partner in the planning of initiatives and support activities of the tourist development. The results suggest a possible re-positioning of local banks in the network for tourist development projects.

THE ROAD LESS INTENDED: INTEGRATING ENTREPRENEURIAL COGNITION AND RISK IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (04) ◽  
pp. 411-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAULO D. BARBOSA ◽  
JILL KICKUL ◽  
BRETT R. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Entrepreneurial Process ◽  
The Road ◽  
Entrepreneurial Cognition ◽  
New Business ◽  
Recent Developments

In this paper, we review recent developments in the fields of cognitive theory and risk in order to highlight generally overlooked dilemmas in entrepreneurship education. Such dilemmas concern the amount of planning necessary to succeed in creating a new business and the extent to which educators should boost students' intentions and self perceptions. We suggest that integrating research on entrepreneurial cognition and risk provides a theoretical perspective that enables the identification of these dilemmas and guides practice in a more effective and balanced way. We introduce two modes of thinking — analysis and intuition — and succinctly layout their implications in terms of risk throughout the different phases of the entrepreneurial process, including the development of entrepreneurial intentions and the passage to action. We then present an entrepreneurship education program conceived to develop both kinds of thinking and to minimize risks by providing students a knowledge-resource base that can enable them to critically examine their projects and then proceed down the road of transforming intentions into action if so desired. In presenting such a program, we show how a sequence of entrepreneurship education experiences may help to develop both the analytic and intuitive skills necessary to succeed in the different aspects of the entrepreneurial process.

scholarly journals Wole Soyinka’s The Road as an intertext

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Richard Oliseyenum Maledo ◽  
Emmanuel Ogheneakpobor Emama
Keyword(s):  
Literary Interpretation ◽  
Sacred Texts ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Theatrical Performance ◽  
External Sources ◽  
The Creation

Studies on African drama have shown the influences and the intertextual relations between African drama and European (Classical and Elizabethan) plays. It is also a known fact that African drama exhibits traces of African tradition and instances of textual relations with already existing oral and written texts. However, existing studies on Wole Soyinka’s The Road have tilted towards the usual literary interpretation or as a piece of theatrical performance with little attention paid to the intertextual nature of the text. Based on the challenges of these usual approaches to the study of literature by contemporary literary and cultural theories, this study adopts intertextual theory as a framework to examine Wole Soyinka’s The Road as an intertext showing traces of textual influences from oral and written external sources. The aim is to reveal the source texts from which the playwright draws in the creation of the text and to show how these sources contribute to the overall thematic significance of the play. Findings reveal that Soyinka draws extensively from Yorùbá oral sacred texts, the Bible, and his own earlier texts and that these sources contribute to the eclectic nature of the thematic preoccupation of the play. It is hoped that this has gone a long way to mitigate the obscure claim of structural and thematic incomprehensibility with which the play is associated.

scholarly journals The Analysis Of The Rural Credit Market In Ghana

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Owusu-Antwi ◽  
James Antwi
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Interest Rate Policy ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Rural Credit Market

The formal banking sector does not satisfy the growing demand for credit, and many borrowers turn to informal loan sources to meet their production and consumption needs. The problem of the rural credit, which includes supplying credit for a rural community for economic growth, is reemerging on the development agenda as a pressing issue. The rural economy is financially very fragile. Lack of credit is a significant and sometimes binding constraint, limiting investment in productivity-enhancing technology and inputs. Rural credit plays a critical role in household strategies to reduce vulnerability. In spite of the contribution that credit entails to the rural development, it has been one of the crucial factors that have not been given proper attention. The purpose of this paper is to identify problems that have hindered the effectiveness of the rural credit market in Ghana. The paper is premised on the theoretical understanding of rural credit markets and applies the framework to investigate the aspect of the rural credit market in Ghana. Improving the rural credit system will help to raise household incomes and reduce poverty and will contribute to the eradication of extreme poverty. The paper identifies high cost, interest rate, lack of collateral, lack of innovation and high delinquency rates as the main factors that have hindered the effectiveness of the rural credit market in Ghana. This paper will interest policymakers to place more emphasis on savings mobilization and to revisit interest rate policy, while providing cheap and adequate credit to small and poor farmers.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Optimal Policy of Some Inventory System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3219-3223
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Fuzzy System ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Inventory System ◽  
Inventory Systems ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fuzzy Parameters

Inventory management is a very important function that determines the health of the supply chain as well as the impacts the financial health of the balance sheet. Each and every organization implements different types of inventory systems to maintain optimum inventory to be able to meet its requirements and avoid over or under inventory that can impact the financial figures. The Inventory system is always dynamic. So with the help of fuzzy system it tries to develop a robust inventory model which will involve trade credit system assuming with cost fuzzy parameters. I

Conclusion

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Economic Change ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Credit Supply ◽  
Credit Mechanism ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Economic Failure

This book began by describing the transformation that occurred in the 1990s in the impression and ideas of credit systems in the medieval countryside. Through this change in attitude on the medieval credit system, the sophistication of rural credit mechanisms and their positive effects within the traditional economies were established. Before this time, the consensus on medieval credit mechanism was of a vehicle of poverty and stagnation. By changing the perspective of credit as a framework of crisis to focusing on credit as mere credit itself, the mechanism of lending and borrowing during the medieval period was not constantly borne out of crisis. It has been found out that credit supply did not always fail in problem periods, that debtors were not always worse off than their lenders, and that leasing of land by debtors was an effective strategy compatible with individual prosperity and not an indication of economic failure. In sum, the credit system of medieval Europe had bearings on the economy of the country. Although rural credit had little effect on the overall contours of the economic change of Europe, it nonetheless shaped other significant forces. In the earlier part of the century, the rural credit system was there to reinforce wealth, and influenced in such a way to separate the peasants from the upper strata. In the second half of the century, market opportunities were exploited by the means of credit mechanisms. However, when economic contraction happened at the end of the century due to the sustained demographic collapse and monetary difficulties, rural credit mechanisms fell into abeyance.

Smart telemetry kit for proactive health monitoring in rural India: The journey so far and the road ahead

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudheer Babu ◽  
Jai Ganesh Udayasankaran ◽  
Boopala Krishnan ◽  
Amar Sainath Reddy Tamanampudi ◽  
Sai Prem Shaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Rural India ◽  
The Road
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