Transmission assay Cicadella viridis v1 (protocols.io.8jghujw)

The vector‐borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa(Wells and Raju) causes several serious diseases to plants. Recently, different subspecies of X. fastidiosa were reported in some European countries. The risk of the bacterium’s spread on the entire European territory is very high; therefore, it has been added into the priority pest list (2019/1702/EU Regulation). The main purposes of this work were to verify the presence of potential vectors in areas at a high risk of introduction in Tuscany and to ascertain the presence of X. fastidiosa in these insect vectors. Over 4,000 Auchenorrhyncha were collected and analysed from 2015 to 2019. Among the xylem sap-feeder putative vectors, most of the insects collected belonged to the family Aphrophoridae, but also many species of leafhopper were identified. Overall, in Tuscany four species were the most represented: Philaenus spumarius(L.), Cicadella viridis(L.), Synophropsis lauri (Horvath) and Neophilaenus campestris(Fallen).In 2018 an outbreak of X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex was reported in Monte Argentario (Grosseto province, Tuscany). In 2019 X. fastidiosa subspecies multiplex ST 87 was detected in seven P. spumarius and three N. campestris collected from the infected area.

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An annotated check list of the Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha (Hemiptera) of the Madeira and Salvages archipelagos

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1762.1.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1762 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

DORA AGUIN-POMBO ◽

CARLOS FREITAS

Keyword(s):

New Records ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Cape Verde ◽

Food Plants ◽

The European Union ◽

Check List ◽

African Coast ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Annotated Checklist ◽

Cicadella Viridis

The volcanic archipelagos of Madeira and Salvages located respectively at 635 km and 373 km offshore of the northeastern African coast are very rich in endemic species. These two archipelagos together with the Canary Ils and the archipelagos of Cape Verde and Azores represent part of the Mediterranean hot spot which is considered the richest area in flora and fauna of Europe. To synthesize the knowledge on these groups, an annotated checklist of Cicadomorpha and Fulgoromorpha of the archipelagos of Salvages and Madeira is presented based on published literature including data on distribution and food plants. In addition 9 new species records are reported: Austragallia caboverdensis, Austragallia sinuata, Balclutha rufofascia, B. hebe, Cicadella viridis, Macrosteles sexnotatus, Recilia angusticeps, Tamaricella cf fasciolata and Zyginidia lineata. The checklist comprises 79 species of 7 different families. Of these species 87% occur in Madeira and 10% in the Salvages archipelago. As a whole 27% are endemic to Madeira and 8% are endemic to Macaronesia. Despite this diversity, knowledge of their habitats and food plants is still very scarce.KEY WORDS: Homoptera, Auchenorrhyncha, distribution, new records, Madeira, Hemiptera, MacaronesiaMacaronesian archipelagos are included in the Mediterranean hot spot which is the richest area in flora and fauna of the European Union (Médail and Quézel, 1999). The Macaronesia subregion located between Eurasia

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Symbiosis in the green leafhopper, Cicadella viridis (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). Association in statu nascendi?

Arthropod Structure & Development ◽

10.1016/j.asd.2014.07.005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 579-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Anna Michalik ◽

Władysława Jankowska ◽

Marta Kot ◽

Aniela Gołas ◽

Teresa Szklarzewicz

Keyword(s):

Green Leafhopper ◽

Cicadella Viridis

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Anagrus breviphragmaSoyka Short Distance Search Stimuli

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/727098 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elisabetta Chiappini ◽

Alessia Berzolla ◽

Annalisa Oppo

Keyword(s):

Short Distance ◽

Leaf Surface ◽

Polar Solvents ◽

Starting Time ◽

Physical Cues ◽

Physical Stimuli ◽

Cicadella Viridis

Anagrus breviphragmaSoyka (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) successfully parasitises eggs ofCicadella viridis(L.) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), embedded in vegetal tissues, suggesting the idea of possible chemical and physical cues, revealing the eggs presence. In this research, three treatments were considered in order to establish which types of cue are involved: eggs extracted from leaf, used as a control, eggs extracted from leaf and cleaned in water and ethanol, used to evaluate the presence of chemicals soluble in polar solvents, and eggs extracted from leaf and covered with Parafilm (M), used to avoid physical stimuli due to the bump on the leaf surface. The results show that eggs covered with Parafilm present a higher number of parasitised eggs and a lower probing starting time with respect to eggs washed with polar solvents or eggs extracted and untreated, both when the treatments were singly tested or when offered in sequence, independently of the treatment position. These results suggest that the exploited stimuli are not physical due to the bump but chemicals that can spread in the Parafilm, circulating the signal on the whole surface, and that the stimuli that elicit probing and oviposition are not subjected to learning.

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Incorporation of proteins into (Xenopus) oocytes by proteoliposome microinjection: functional characterization of a novel aquaporin

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.109.6.1285 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 109 (6) ◽

pp. 1285-1295

Author(s):

F. Le Caherec ◽

P. Bron ◽

J.M. Verbavatz ◽

A. Garret ◽

G. Morel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Membrane Proteins ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Xenopus Oocytes ◽

Plasma Membranes ◽

Expression System ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Xenopus Laevis Oocytes ◽

Plasma Membrane Proteins ◽

Cicadella Viridis

Xenopus laevis oocytes are widely used as an expression system for plasma membrane proteins, achieved by cytoplasmic microinjection of messenger RNA. In the present study, we propose an alternative system allowing functional insertion of exogenous proteins into the plasma membrane of Xenopus oocytes. We microinjected proteoliposome suspensions into the cytoplasm and then analyzed membrane protein function. The proteins used in this work were members of the MIP family: the human erythrocyte water channel aquaporin 1 (AQP1), the major intrinsic protein (MIP26) from bovine eye lens and a 25 kDa polypeptide (P25) from a water shunting complex found in the digestive tract of an homopteran sap-sucking insect (Cicadella viridis). Proteoliposomes containing either AQP1, MIP26, or P25 were injected into Xenopus oocytes. The subsequent insertion of these proteins into the plasma membrane of oocytes was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. Oocytes microinjected with either AQP1 or P25-proteoliposomes exhibited significantly increased osmotic membrane water permeabilities (Pf = 3.16 +/- 026 and 4.03 +/- 0.26 × 10(−3) cm/second, respectively) compared to those measured for oocytes injected with liposomes alone or with MIP26-proteoliposomes (Pf = 1.39 +/- 0.07 and 1.44 +/- 0.10 × 10(−3) cm/second, respectively). These effects were inhibited by HgCl2 in a reversible manner. Arrhenius activation energies of water transfer were low when AQP1 or P25 were present in oocyte plasma membranes (Ea = 2.29 and 3.01 kcal/mol, respectively, versus Ea = 11.75 kcal/mol for liposome injected oocytes). The properties observed here for AQP1 are identical to those widely reported following AQP1 cRNA expression in oocytes. From the present study, we conclude that: (1) exogenous plasma membrane proteins incorporated into liposomes and microinjected into the cytoplasm of Xenopus oocytes are subsequently found in the plasma membrane of the oocytes in a functional state; and (2) in this system, the P25 polypeptide from the MIP family found in the digestive tract of Cicadella viridis exhibits properties similar to those described for the archetype of water channels AQP1, and thus is a new member of the aquaporin family.

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