scholarly journals Advanced Green Technologies Toward Future Sustainable Energy Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Secondary Energy ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Energy

Currently, the usable energy is basically harvested from the fossil energy sources, including coal, oil, and gas, which are believed to harm the environment due to the emitted GHGs. The awareness to the climate change and limited reserve of fossil energy sources has led to a strong motivation to develop a new energy system which can facilitate three important pillars: security, clean environment, and economic opportunity. This future energy system is strongly expected to be able to blend both fossil and renewable energy sources, while minimize its environmental impacts. To realize it, the primary energy sources are converted to the efficient secondary energy sources, including electricity and hydrogen. These two kinds of secondary energy source are considered very promising in the future, following a high demand in many sectors. In transportation sector, both electricity and hydrogen are believed to become the future fuels as the deployment of electric and fuel cell vehicles is increasing rapidly. In this paper, several potential technologies to produce the energy cleanly from primary energy sources are introduced and evaluated. In addition, clean and efficient technologies in storage and utilization are also described.

scholarly journals Large scale integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in the future Colombian energy system

Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 115805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Pupo-Roncallo ◽  
Javier Campillo ◽  
Derek Ingham ◽  
Kevin Hughes ◽  
Mohammed Pourkashanian
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Future ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Scale Integration

scholarly journals Renewable and Sustainable Energy Transitions for Countries with Different Climates and Renewable Energy Sources Potentials

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haichao Wang ◽  
Giulia Di Pietro ◽  
Xiaozhou Wu ◽  
Risto Lahdelma ◽  
Vittorio Verda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Energy Transitions ◽  
The Future

Renewable energy sources (RES) are playing an increasingly important role in energy markets around the world. It is necessary to evaluate the benefits from a higher level of RES integration with respect to a more active cross-border transmission system. In particular, this paper focuses on the sustainable energy transitions for Finland and Italy, since they have two extreme climate conditions in Europe and quite different profiles in terms of energy production and demand. We developed a comprehensive energy system model using EnergyPLAN with hourly resolution for a reference year for both countries. The models include electricity, heat and transportation sectors. According to the current base models, new scenarios reflecting an RES increase in total fuel consumption have been proposed. The future shares of renewables are based on each nation’s potential. The outcomes of the new scenarios support the future national plans, showing how decarburization in an energy system can occur in relation to the European Roadmap 2030 and 2050. In addition, possible power transmission between Italy and Finland were investigated according to the vision of an integrated European energy system with more efficient cross-border activities.

scholarly journals Heading Towards 100% of Renewable Energy Sources Fraction: a critical overview on Smart Energy Systems planning and flexibility measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Mario Pastore ◽  
Gianluigi Lo Basso ◽  
Matteo Sforzini ◽  
Livio de Santoli
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Smart Energy Systems ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Flexibility Measures

The growing penetration of non-programmable energy sources will largely contribute to intensify the renewable capacity firming issues. Providing a higher systems flexibility, i.e. the ability to match the supply and the demand sides as much as possible, is the main challenge to cope with, by adopting new energy planning paradigms. In this framework, different combined strategies, aiming at efficiently integrating that large amount of variable RES (VRES), have to be implemented. In the recent years, the Smart Energy Systems (SES) concept has been introduced to overcome the single-sector approach, promoting a holistic and integrated vision. By that approach, it is possible to exploit synergies between different energy sectors so as to identify the best technical options to globally reduce the primary fossil energy consumption. Starting from a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the most recent international studies dealing with the SES approach, the aim of this paper is to critically review and analyse the role of the main potential flexibility measures applied in the energy planning sector. In detail, Power-to-X and Demand Side Management (DSM) application have been considered, highlighting strengths and weaknesses of such strategies to accomplish the ambitious target of 100% renewable. From this literature review, it emerges how a single strategy adoption is not enough to guarantee the required flexibility level for the whole energy system. Indeed, the best configuration can be attained by integrating different options matching all the external constraints.

scholarly journals The use of biogas as a biofuel for powering biogas, ecology, renewable Energy sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 218-222
Author(s):  
Mariusz Niekurzak ◽  
Ewa Kubińska-Jabcoń
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Quality Requirements ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Renewable Fuel ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Current State ◽  
New Energy

Energy security, ending resources of fossil energy sources, increase in conventional fuel prices, as well as dependence on imported fuels, have an impact on the need to search for new energy sources. One of the appropriate solutions to this problem is the implementation of biogas as a renewable fuel for transport. Biogas is usually used to generate heat or electricity, but after meeting certain quality requirements, it can also be used as a biofuel for powering mechanical vehicles. The article presents the current state of development of the biogas industry in Poland and defined the prospects for its development.

scholarly journals Energy efficiency in Serbia national energy efficiency program: Strategy and priorities for the future

2006 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Oka ◽  
Aleksandar Sedmak ◽  
Maja Djurovic-Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Energy Chain

Energy system in Serbia, in the whole energy chain, from exploitation of primary energy sources, transformations in electric power plants and district heating plants, energy (electric and heat) transmission and distribution to final users, and up to final energy consumption, is faced with a number of irrational and inefficient behavior and processes. In order to fight with such situation National Energy Efficiency Program, financed by the Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection has been founded in 2001. Basic facts about status of energy sector in Serbia, with special emphasis on the energy efficiency and use of renewable energy sources have been given in the review paper published in the issue No. 2, 2006 of this journal. In present paper new strategy and priorities of the National Energy Efficiency Program for the future period from 2006 to 2008, and beyond, is presented. This strategy and priorities are mainly based on the same concept and principles as previous, but new reality and new and more simulative economic and financial environment in energy sector made by the Energy low (accepted by Parliament in 2004) and Strategy of Development of Energy Sector in Republic Serbia up to 2015 (accepted by the Parliament in May 2005), have been taken into account. Also, responsibilities that are formulated in the Energy Community Treaty signed by the South-East European countries, and also coming from documents and directives of the European Community and Kyoto Protocol are included in new strategy. Once again necessity of legislative framework and influence of regulations and standards, as well as of the governmental support, has been pointed out if increased energy efficiency and increased use of renewable energy sources are expected. .

Study of Hybrid Sustainable Energy System Based on PEM Fuel Cells and Photovoltaic-Module Power Generator

2013 ◽  
pp. 1357-1379
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Zerhouni ◽  
M’hammed Houari Zerhouni ◽  
Mansour Zegrar ◽  
Amine Boudghene Stambouli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
New Energy ◽  
World Demand

The computer is the greatest innovation of the 20th century. It has changed our lives. It executes tasks with precision. There is no limit with what we can do with software. Computers are seductive. Companies and students cannot work without them. They help students to perform mathematical computations. It is very important that mathematical ideas are expressed in computer programs in order to have theoretical results and to verify them practically. Nowadays, the development of new and non-polluting energy producing and energy-storage systems is a great challenge for scientists. An alternative to the nuclear and fossil fuel power is renewable energy technologies. Due to ever-increasing energy consumption, rising public awareness of environmental protection, and steady progress in power deregulation, alternative (i.e., renewable and fuel cell based) distributed generation systems have attracted increased interest. There is an accelerating world demand for environmentally friendly power. Among the renewable energy sources, the Photovoltaic (PV) energy is the most promising candidate for research and development for large scale users. Fuel cells have been receiving a lot of attention lately due to their potential of becoming a new energy source with a large range of applications. Fuel cells can be incorporated with other components to create high efficiency industrial power plants. Fuel cells permit clean and efficient energy production. The purpose of the work is to optimize the system’s operation. The main reason to build described system is to supply stand-alone systems using renewable energy sources. Therefore, the power plant has to produce energy independent of any weather fluctuations. Integrating photovoltaic energy sources with fuel cells, as a storage device replacing the conventional lead-acid batteries, leads to a non-polluting reliable energy source. In this chapter, an energy system comprising different energy sources, namely PV and fuel cells, is proposed. Photovoltaic cells coupled with electrolytic devices can be used to produce hydrogen and oxygen in a sustainable manner. With the produced hydrogen from the electrolysis process, it is possible to generate electricity through fuel cells. Photovoltaic panels in particular can provide a good source of producing green electricity. It is autonomous, its operation does not pollute the atmosphere, and it is an inexhaustible and renewable source with great reliability. The simulation program developed also allows the exportation of different configurations. The experimental system described has permitted the validation of the proposed method.

Study of Hybrid Sustainable Energy System Based on PEM Fuel Cells and Photovoltaic-Module Power Generator

2012 ◽  
pp. 399-422
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Zerhouni ◽  
M’hammed Houari Zerhouni ◽  
Mansour Zegrar ◽  
Amine Boudghene Stambouli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
New Energy ◽  
World Demand

The computer is the greatest innovation of the 20th century. It has changed our lives. It executes tasks with precision. There is no limit with what we can do with software. Computers are seductive. Companies and students cannot work without them. They help students to perform mathematical computations. It is very important that mathematical ideas are expressed in computer programs in order to have theoretical results and to verify them practically. Nowadays, the development of new and non-polluting energy producing and energy-storage systems is a great challenge for scientists. An alternative to the nuclear and fossil fuel power is renewable energy technologies. Due to ever-increasing energy consumption, rising public awareness of environmental protection, and steady progress in power deregulation, alternative (i.e., renewable and fuel cell based) distributed generation systems have attracted increased interest. There is an accelerating world demand for environmentally friendly power. Among the renewable energy sources, the Photovoltaic (PV) energy is the most promising candidate for research and development for large scale users. Fuel cells have been receiving a lot of attention lately due to their potential of becoming a new energy source with a large range of applications. Fuel cells can be incorporated with other components to create high efficiency industrial power plants. Fuel cells permit clean and efficient energy production. The purpose of the work is to optimize the system’s operation. The main reason to build described system is to supply stand-alone systems using renewable energy sources. Therefore, the power plant has to produce energy independent of any weather fluctuations. Integrating photovoltaic energy sources with fuel cells, as a storage device replacing the conventional lead-acid batteries, leads to a non-polluting reliable energy source. In this chapter, an energy system comprising different energy sources, namely PV and fuel cells, is proposed. Photovoltaic cells coupled with electrolytic devices can be used to produce hydrogen and oxygen in a sustainable manner. With the produced hydrogen from the electrolysis process, it is possible to generate electricity through fuel cells. Photovoltaic panels in particular can provide a good source of producing green electricity. It is autonomous, its operation does not pollute the atmosphere, and it is an inexhaustible and renewable source with great reliability. The simulation program developed also allows the exportation of different configurations. The experimental system described has permitted the validation of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Integration of Large-Scale Variable Renewable Energy Sources into the Future European Power System: On the Curtailment Challenge

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloi Syranidou ◽  
Jochen Linssen ◽  
Detlef Stolten ◽  
Martin Robinius
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Generation ◽  
Load Shifting ◽  
The Future ◽  
Variable Renewable Energy Sources

The future European power system is projected to rely heavily on variable renewable energy sources (VRES), primarily wind and solar generation. However, the difficulties inherent to storing the primary energy of these sources is expected to pose significant challenges in terms of their integration into the system. To account for the high variability of renewable energy sources VRES, a novel pan-European dispatch model with high spatio-temporal resolution including load shifting is introduced here, providing highly detailed information regarding renewable energy curtailments for all Europe, typically underestimated in studies of future systems. which also includes modeling of load shifting. The model consists of four separate levels with different approaches for modeling thermal generation flexibility, storage units and demand as well as with spatial resolutions and generation dispatch formulations. Applying the developed model for the future European power system follows the results of corresponding transmission expansion planning studies, which are translated into the desired high spatial resolution. The analysis of the “large scale-RES” scenario for 2050 shows considerable congestion between northern and central Europe, which constitutes the primary cause of VRES curtailments of renewables. In addition, load shifting is shown to mostly improve the integration of solar energy into the system and not wind, which constitutes the dominant energy source for this scenario. Finally, the analysis of the curtailments time series using ideal converters shows that the best locations for their exploitation can be found in western Ireland and western Denmark.

scholarly journals Optimization of dimethyl ether production process synthesis using superstructure analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 03018
Author(s):  
Teerapat Laiwatthanaphaisarn ◽  
Amata Anantpinijwatna
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
The Future ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

Current world energy consumption is likely to increase over time. This is due to the growth of industry and transportation. The most important and most used energy sources are crude oil and natural gas. The consumption of energy is increasing continuously due to the economic expansion of the world fleet. At present, prices of primary energy sources such as oil and natural gas tend to increase. In addition, oil and gas are limited and likely to run out in the future. Currently, research and research on alternative energy is ongoing. To find the best alternative energy to replace in the future. Dimethyl ether is a substance that can be used as a substitute for liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) because of its similar physical properties. Most of them are used as fuel in vehicles. In addition, dimethyl ether is easier to liquefy than liquefied petroleum gas, giving advantages in terms of storage and transport, and a higher cetane value that can be used in the vehicle. Dimethyl ether is a substance that will burn completely. Dimethyl ether production has a wide variety of options. If the best option is difficult to analyse because of the complexity of the solution. Superstructure analysis will help to find alternatives for the production of dimethyl ether. Superstructure will identify the most economical alternative. The mathematical model is applied to the existing production process and new alternatives. In this work, the alternatives to produce dimethyl ether are displayed and the optimum alternative are chosen.

scholarly journals Moving Toward a Sustainable Energy System: A Case Study of Viken County of Norway

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5912
Author(s):  
Fredrik Ege Abrahamsen ◽  
Sturla Grina Ruud ◽  
Alemayehu Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Future Scenarios ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
The Future

Increasing awareness of climate issues and environmental policy has been a key factor behind the continuous transition of energy systems at different levels. This paper aimed to analyse the energy system of Viken county, located in Norway. An energy system model using the energy system analysis tool EnergyPLAN was developed. Based on the reference year 2018, two future scenarios which focus on changes in the transport sector for the year 2030 and 2050 were designed. Besides changes in the transport sector, the integration of renewable energy sources is considered in the future scenarios. The results of the analysis regarding the future scenario shows substantial CO2 reduction as a result of energy-carrier switching within the transport sector. The integration of new energy sources, in this case, solar PV and wind power, helps to offset increased import dependency. The primary energy supply decrease and the share of renewable energy increases significantly.

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