scholarly journals Woman as A Dirty Machine: A Question Of Objectification On E.E. Cummings

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Titis Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
Mechanical Object

<p>The pervasiveness of female objectification in the treatment of women by men has been called out as a manifestation of gender hierarchy and domination. This research analyzed the figurative languages used in E.E. Cummings’ poem first she like a piece of ill-oiled to identify his treatment of women seen through the illustration of the persona’s actions, thoughts and feelings. Dynamics of the personas’ sexual relationships are then identified to analyze how aspects of objectification appear in the relation between men and women. In order to reinforce the notion of objectification, dehumanization as its extension is utilized as a supporting theory. It is found that practices of female objectification occur in the poem with varying degrees of intensity and ways that it is conducted. However, the objectification is concealed by the poem’s presentation of women as a sexually liberated being, yet in practice, her sexuality is still being objectified. The objectification extends up to the conduct of dehumanization which reduces the women into a dirty mechanical object.</p>

Power, Sexism, and Gender: Factors in Biblical Interpretation

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Northrop Orme ◽  
M. Elizabeth Lewis Hall ◽  
Tamara L. Anderson ◽  
Jason McMartin
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Hostile Sexism ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Conservative Protestant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
And Gender

This study assesses individual social attitudes and ideological beliefs regarding systems of power and sexism (i.e., Authoritarianism, Conservatism, Traditionalism, Social Dominance Orientation [SDO], Hostile Sexism [HS], and Benevolent Sexism [BS]) in relationship to Bible interpretation choice about passages related to gender. Data were collected from 216 conservative Protestant Christian churchgoers. It was hypothesized that individuals with higher levels of Authoritarianism, Conservatism, Traditionalism, SDO, HS, and BS would prefer interpretations that endorse gender hierarchy. The results supported these hypotheses, finding Traditionalism and HS to be the primary factors related to interpretation choice. Additionally, it was hypothesized that any significant difference between men and women regarding interpretation choice would be explained by individual differences in these social attitudes and ideological beliefs. Men were significantly more likely than women to prefer Bible interpretations oriented toward gender hierarchy, and this difference was primarily explained by Traditionalism and HS.

scholarly journals Let's talk about sex – what do older men and women say about their sexual relations and sexual activities? A qualitative analysis of ELSA Wave 6 data

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSIE TETLEY ◽  
DAVID M. LEE ◽  
JAMES NAZROO ◽  
SHARRON HINCHLIFF
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Older Men And Women ◽  
English Longitudinal Study

ABSTRACTIn 2012/2013 the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) included a comprehensive Sexual Relationships and Activities Questionnaire (SRA-Q). A total of 7,079 men and women mainly aged 50 to >90, primarily heterosexual and in a coupled relationship, completed the SRA-Q, answering a series of questions about their attitudes to sexual relationships, their own sexual activities, problems and concerns with sexual functioning, and quality of intimate relationships. The questions aimed to gain insights into the ways in which sexual relations and activities related to health, wellbeing and other lifestyle factors change as people grow older. The primary mode of data collection was a tick box response to a series of questions. However, at the end of the questionnaire an open comment box was provided, which asked respondents whether there was anything else that they would like to say; 1,084 respondents provided additional information and these comments created a unique qualitative data-set. The analysis of the data then illustrated how people's health, relationships, experiences and perceptions of ageing, along with sexual satisfaction, impact on sexual relationships and activities.

scholarly journals Hubungan Seksual Suami-Istri dalam Perspektif Gender dan Hukum Islam

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umi Khusnul Khatimah
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Institutional Framework ◽  
Sexual Relation ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Construction Law ◽  
Law Making

Abstract: Marital Sexual Relations within the Perspective of Gender and Islamic Law. This article explains that the rights of sexual relations of men and women within the institutional framework of marriage are the same. The assumption of jurisprudence which is source from several hadith has been adopted as a male hegemony without considering the substance and context of the Hadith. Meanwhile, the Quran describe the balancing of rights of men and women within sexual relationships. This study offers an approach to the study in the case of sexual relations of men and women to look at usûl al-fiqh as a critical foundation in law making. In social and cultural analysis, it can be seen that the construction law is heavily influenced by longstanding habits. Therefore, universal values   should be seen as a response to the formation of the current law.Keywords: sexual relation, Islamic law, genderAbstrak: Hubungan Seksual Suami-Istri dalam Perspektif Gender dan Hukum Islam. Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa hak-hak hubungan seksual laki-laki dan perempuan dalam kerangka institusi pernikahan adalah setara. Asumsi fikih yang bersumber dari beberapa Hadis diadopsi sebagai hegemoni laki-laki tanpa menimbang substansi dan konteks Hadisnya. Sementara Alquran menjelaskan keseimbangan hak laki-laki dan perempuan dalam hubungan seksual. Studi ini menawarkan suatu pendekatan pada kajian hukum Islam dengan kasus hubungan seksual laki-laki dan perempuan untuk melihat ushul fikih sebagai pondasi kritis dalam pengambilan hukum. Dalam analisis sosial dan budaya terlihat bahwa konstruksi hukum banyak dipengaruhi oleh kebiasaan yang sudah berlangsung lama. Untuk itu, nilai-nilai universal perlu dilihat sebagai jawaban dalam formasi hukum saat ini.Kata Kunci: hubungan seksual, hukum Islam, genderDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.936

scholarly journals Ambedkar’s Feminism: Debunking the Myths of Manu in a Quest for Gender Equality

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Stringent Control ◽  
Women’S Sexuality ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Free Women

This article focuses on the role of Dr B. R. Ambedkar in the empowerment of women through mobilization of the womenfolk against the subjugation meted out to them by the caste and gender hierarchy in order to maintain the existing caste structures. Ambedkar realized the need for women to become the torchbearers of the new reformed society which is both casteless and classless in nature. He therefore advocated a companionate relationship between men and women as opposed to the master–slave relationship that Manu propagated in Manusmriti. In order to achieve such a feat, the need of the hour was to free women from the bounds imposed upon them by the existing Brahmanical social order which treated them as subservient to men and wholly dependent on their male counterparts. Manu’s idea of a woman was of a subhuman being in need of stringent control by her male relations. This article seeks to answer the question—why it was imperative to control women thus? Women, owing to their reproductive potential, have the ability to dismantle the caste purity by reproducing outside of their castes. Hence, their ideological suppression becomes essential to the enterprise of maintaining caste purity. For this purpose, several ritualistic tools had to be put in place to extinguish the threat of women’s sexuality.

scholarly journals Institutional Sufism in Contemporary Pakistan: Theorizing Gender through Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Gender Egalitarianism ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
Asymmetrical Power ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Analytical Category

The article aims to question the easily given and accepted notion of “gender equality” and “gender egalitarianism and justice” in Sufism in Pakistan, which does not (otherwise) question the power relations between man and woman given within practice of Sufism. The analysis does not draw on theological undertones rather it relies on socially lived reality of understanding “gender” and the hierarchy as it is practiced, mediated and legitimized in the daily life of people through Sufism. The study problematizes the concept of ‘gender’ in practice of Sufism in Pakistan through the works of Joan W Scott. It attempts to examine how gender is articulated within Sufism through practice in Pakistan. Sufism in contemporary Pakistan practiced through shrines, orders and mater-disciple relationship, when analyzed through the analytical category of gender i.e. power relations between men and women that operate within and across four interrelated social levels, reveals its gendered nature. I contend, that claims of gender egalitarianism or gender equality within Sufism (discursive level) is not actually practiced in the realm of activity instead, Sufism in practice reconstitutes or reestablishes gendered order or duality and gender hierarchy within society. With the critical examination of secondary literature, these assumedly claims and notions of gender egalitarianism, when contested or problematized, reveals the hidden gendered face of Sufism in Pakistan. Therefore Sufism as practiced in contemporary Pakistan constitutes discrimination, difference, hierarchal and asymmetrical power relations between women and men.  

scholarly journals Is Traditional Masculinity Still Valued? Men’s Perceptions of How Different Reference Groups Value Traditional Masculinity Norms

2021 ◽  
pp. 106082652110188
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Iacoviello ◽  
Giulia Valsecchi ◽  
Jacques Berent ◽  
Islam Borinca ◽  
Juan M. Falomir-Pichastor
Keyword(s):  
Hegemonic Masculinity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
Traditional Masculinity ◽  
Feminist Movements

Traditional masculinity norms are generally defined as hegemonic because they contribute to maintaining men’s favorable position in the gender hierarchy. Nevertheless, many observers argue that traditional masculinity norms are fading away under the pressure of feminist movements and are being replaced by more progressive, non-hegemonic masculinity norms. The present research examines men’s perceptions of how traditional masculinity norms are viewed by three reference groups: society as a whole, other men, and women. We assessed these perceptions via two experiments based on the self-presentation paradigm and involving American ( N = 161) or British ( N = 160) men. Participants in both experiments perceived traditional masculinity as being valued by other men but not by society as a whole or by women. We discuss the implications of these findings in the light of current changes in masculinity norms.

Queer Aesthetics

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Hugh Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Queer Theory ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Short Novel

Arguing against critical views of Lawrence, which regard him as a sexual conservative, this chapter suggests that his questioning of the coherence of sexual identity anticipates contemporary queer theory. It considers recurrent tensions in Lawrence’s writing between a desire to affirm the supremacy of sexual relationships between men and women and his persistent fascination with same-sex desire and same-sex love. The chapter argues that despite Lawrence’s tendency to disparage lesbianism, his 1923 short novel The Fox contains a tender portrayal of love between women. It closes with a discussion of a range of works in which Lawrence aestheticises love between men, while respecting the taboo against homosexuality. The persistent queer aesthetics in Lawrence’s work are seen as undermining his metaphysical championing of ‘true phallic marriage’.

scholarly journals Fidelity Networks and Long-Run Trends in HIV/AIDS Gender Gaps

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Pongou ◽  
Roberto Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Sexual Relationships ◽  
Sexual Networks ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Culture Of Gender ◽  
Hiv Aids

More than half of the HIV/AIDS-infected population today are women. We study a dynamic model of (in)fidelity, which explains the HIV/AIDS gender gap by the configuration of sexual networks. Each individual desires sexual relationships with opposite sex individuals. Two Markov matching processes are defined, each corresponding to a different culture of gender relations. The first process leads to egalitarian pairwise stable networks in the long run, and HIV/AIDS is equally prevalent among men and women. The second process leads to anti-egalitarian pairwise stable networks reflecting male domination, and women bear a greater burden. The results are consistent with empirical observations.

Ultrastructural comparison of prolactin adenomas of pituitary in men and women

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
R.C. Caughey ◽  
U.P. Kalyan-Raman
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Transmission Electron

Prolactin producing pituitary adenomas are ultrastructurally characterized by secretory granules varying in size (150-300nm), abundance of endoplasmic reticulum, and misplaced exocytosis. They are also subclassified as sparsely or densely granulated according to the amount of granules present. The hormone levels in men and women vary, being higher in men; so also the symptoms vary between both sexes. In order to understand this variation, we studied 21 prolactin producing pituitary adenomas by transmission electron microscope. This was out of a total of 80 pituitary adenomas. There were 6 men and 15 women in this group of 21 prolactinomas.All of the pituitary adenomas were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde, rinsed in Millonig's phosphate buffer, and post fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide. They were then en bloc stained with 0.5% uranyl acetate, rinsed with Walpole's non-phosphate buffer, dehydrated with graded series of ethanols and embedded with Epon 812 epoxy resin.

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