scholarly journals FINANCIAL REPORTING CONSEQUENCES OF CAPITAL XENOPHOBIA

Author(s):  
David Godsell

The purpose of this editorial is to describe financial protectionism as a potentially important determinant of financial reporting outcomes. Fear of foreign capital, or capital xenophobia, spurs financial protectionism. Examining the effects of financial protectionism on financial reporting outcomes potentially permits an expansion of positive accounting theory and, in particular, the political cost hypothesis. I first describe extant literature examining the political cost hypothesis. I then describe national-security related drivers of capital xenophobia. Next, I examine settings in which we can observe variation in financial protectionism. I conclude by positing varied paths by which financial protectionism can affect financial reporting outcomes.

Author(s):  
Denies Priantinah

Managemen laba bisa muncul dari adanya problem asimetri informasi dan konflik keagenan. Kondisi asimetri informasi ini akan eksis apabila kepemilikan ekuitas terpisah dari operasi perusahaan dan manager memiliki keunggulan atas informasi dibandingkan pemegang saham. Di sisi lain kondisi pasar tidak sempurna mampu menciptakan lingkungan bagi manager untuk melakukan diskresi akuntansi yang dilakukan untuk kepentingan manager yang dibebankan pada pemegang saham. Namun, di sisi lain managemen laba juga mampu menciptakan kesempatan bagi manager untuk menggunakan diskresi akuntansi untuk mengkomunikasikan kinerja perusahaan terkait dengan informasi dengan cara yang memadai kepada para investor.Salah satu alasan  yang mendasari fenomena managemen laba ini terus eksis dan dilakukan oleh banyak perusahaan karena adanya sisi baik dari managemen laba. Sisi baik dari managemen laba bisa ditinjau dari sudut pandang kontrak efisien dan pelaporan keuangan. Dari perspektif kontrak efisien dalam Positive Accounting Theory, tingkat managemen laba bisa dianggap baik karena mampu meningkatkan efisiensi kontrak, alih-alih dilakukan sebagai bentuk perilaku oportunistik managemen. Kontrak yang efisien, memberikan keleluasaan kemampuan bagi manager untuk mengelola laba dalam kontrak yang rigid dan incomplete. Dalam kondisi ini, interpretasi terhadap perilaku managemen laba yang dilakukan manager dalam hal skema bonus, perjanjian hutang dan biaya politik harus dilakukan secara hati-hati, karena perilaku tersebut bisa mengambil bentuk sebagai perilaku yang efisien atau oportunis.Perspektif perilaku oportunistik atas managemen laba, memiliki sudut pandang bahwa manager menggunakan asimetri informasi antara pihak eksternal dan internal perusahaan untuk memaksimisasi utilitas mereka terkait dengan kontrak kompensasi, kontrak hutang dan regulasi. Investor kemudian dikelabuhi dengan laporan informasi yang tidak reliabel. Manfaat dari manajemen laba ditengarai diperoleh jika manajer melakukan manajemen laba demi kepentingan entitas, khususnya pemegang saham. Fenomena ini banyak ditemui dalam hal political cost dan debt covenant. Penggunaan manajemen laba yang mengedepankan kepentingan perusahaan ini masuk dalam perspektif efisien. Dua sisi manajemen laba, yakni perspektif efisien dan perspektif oportunistik terjadi dalam banyak perusahaan. Usaha untuk menekan perilaku manajemen laba tentunya kemudian sedikit banyak harus memperhatikan dampak yang muncul atas perilaku tersebut, apakah dilakukan dalam kepentingan pribadi manajer atau untuk kepentingan entitas. Kata kunci: Manajemen Laba, Perspektif Oportunistik


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Bolshakov

The article analyzes China’s investment in the UK. Sectors of the British economy, in which the largest Chinese investments are concentrated, have been recounted. Large British enterprises, acquired by Chinese companies in 2005–2020, have been identified. The dynamics of the expansion of Chinese capital is examined in the context of the political, economic and technological risks that it generates. The article focuses on the study of the argumentation of experts who question the advisability of the active participation of Chinese capital in the development of the UK economy. There are three factors that will negatively affect investment cooperation between the two states. Firstly, there is considerable concern among British politicians about the rise of China’s influence. Secondly, London’s decision to bar Huawei from building 5G networks has worsened UKChina relations. Thirdly, National Security and Investment Bill, now progressing through UK Parliament, will give the authorities additional powers to block investment projects with foreign capital participation on national security grounds. The author concludes that all these factors will lead to a decline in China’s investment in the United Kingdom.


2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Russ ◽  
Gary J. Previts ◽  
Edward N. Coffman

Canal companies were among the first enterprises to be organized in the corporate form and to require large amounts of capital. This paper examines the stockholder review committee of a 19th century corporation, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company (C&O), and discusses how the C&O used this corporate governance structure to monitor and improve financial management and operations. A major strength was the concern and dedication of the stockholders to the company, while a major weakness was the political control exerted by the State of Maryland. The paper provides an historical perspective on corporate governance in the 19th century. This research contributes to the literature by providing detailed workings and practices of a stockholder review committee. The paper documents corporate governance efforts in archival sources that provide an early example of accountability required in a corporate charter and the manner in which the stockholders carried out this responsibility.


2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
IAN LEIGH

AbstractThis article argues that there is a need to modernise the law governing accountability of the UK security and intelligence agencies following changes in their work in the last decade. Since 9/11 the agencies have come increasingly into the spotlight, especially because of the adoption of controversial counter-terrorism policies by the government (in particular forms of executive detention) and by its international partners, notably the US. The article discusses the options for reform in three specific areas: the use in legal proceedings of evidence obtained by interception of communications; with regard to the increased importance and scle of collaboration with overseas agencies; and to safeguard the political independence of the agencies in the light of their substantially higher public profile. In each it is argued that protection of human rights and the need for public accountability requires a new balance to be struck with the imperatives of national security.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fazio ◽  
Tommaso Reggiani ◽  
Fabio Sabatini
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Rami Saleh Abdelrazeq Musleh ◽  
Mahmoud Ismail ◽  
Dala Mahmoud

The study focused on the Palestinian state as depicted in the Israeli political discourse. It showed that the Israeli strategy is based on denying the establishment of a Palestinian state alongside the Israeli one. Israel's main concern is to protect its national security at all costs. The study showed the Israeli political factions' opposition to the formation of an independent Palestinian state in addition to their refusal to give up certain parts of the West Bank due to religious and geopolitical reasons. To discuss this topic and achieve the required results, the analytical descriptive approach is adopted by the researcher. The study concluded that the Israeli leadership and its projects to solve the Palestinian issue do not amount to the establishment of a Palestinian state. This leadership simply aims to impress the international public opinion that Israel wants peace. In contrast, the Israeli public has shown that it cannot accept a Palestinian state, and the public opinion of the Palestinian state is not different from that of the political parties and leaders in Israel.


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