Dietary calcium intake and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women living in Sarajevo area

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a multifactorial polygenetic disease of which the genetic determinants are modulated by hormonal, environmental and nutritional factors. Identifi cation of the risk factors for osteoporosisrelated to nutrition is important in the prevention and treatment of this disease, considering that these factors can be modifi ed. The aim of this study was to examine infl uence of dietary calcium intake on bonemineral density in postmenopausal women who hadn’t a deficit of estrogen in their menstrual history.Methods: A total of 100 postmenopausal women living in Sarajevo area, aged 50-65 years, without estrogen deficiency in menstrual history were included in the study. Mineral bone density was measured at the lumbarspine and proximal femur by Dual–Energy X–ray Absorptiometry using Hologic QDR-4000 scanner. Examination and control group were formed based on mineral bone density values. The women in the examinationgroup had osteoporosis. The women in the control group had osteopenia or normal mineral bone density. Estimates of daily dietary calcium intake were performed based on a Food Frequency Questionnaire.Results: The average daily intake of dietary calcium among women who had osteoporosis was 967.32 mg, and in women who hadn’t osteoporosis 1195.12 mg. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was registered signifi cant correlation between intake of dietary calcium and mineral bone density in examination (p<0.01) and in control group (p<0.01).Conclusion: The results of this study have shown that adequate daily intake of dietary calcium in postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years living in Sarajevo area, which hadn’t estrogen defi ciency in their menstrualhistory (in the group of women without osteoporosis amounted to 1195.12 mg) has a positive impact on bone mineral density.

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Dietary Calcium Intake and Bone Loss Over 6 Years in Osteopenic Postmenopausal Women

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2019-00111 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (8) ◽

pp. 3576-3584 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Sarah M Bristow ◽

Anne M Horne ◽

Greg D Gamble ◽

Borislav Mihov ◽

Angela Stewart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Loss ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Total Body

Abstract Context Calcium intakes are commonly lower than the recommended levels, and increasing calcium intake is often recommended for bone health. Objective To determine the relationship between dietary calcium intake and rate of bone loss in older postmenopausal women. Participants Analysis of observational data collected from a randomized controlled trial. Participants were osteopenic (hip T-scores between −1.0 and −2.5) women, aged >65 years, not receiving therapy for osteoporosis nor taking calcium supplements. Women from the total cohort (n = 1994) contributed data to the analysis of calcium intake and bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline, and women from the placebo group (n = 698) contributed data to the analysis of calcium intake and change in BMD. BMD and bone mineral content (BMC) of the spine, total hip, femoral neck, and total body were measured three times over 6 years. Results Mean calcium intake was 886 mg/day. Baseline BMDs were not related to quintile of calcium intake at any site, before or after adjustment for baseline age, height, weight, physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking status, and past hormone replacement use. There was no relationship between bone loss and quintile of calcium intake at any site, with or without adjustment for covariables. Total body bone balance (i.e., change in BMC) was unrelated to an individuals’ calcium intake (P = 0.99). Conclusions Postmenopausal bone loss is unrelated to dietary calcium intake. This suggests that strategies to increase calcium intake are unlikely to impact the prevalence of and morbidity from postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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O7. Impact of dietary calcium intake and physical activity on bone mineral density and bone turnover in normal Caucasian postmenopausal women

Bone ◽

10.1016/8756-3282(94)90830-3 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 450-451

Author(s):

S Suleiman ◽

F Li ◽

M Buxton-Thomas ◽

D Monaghan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Turnover ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Mineral Density

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Physical activity and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women without estrogen deficiency in menstrual history

Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.17532/jhsci.2013.108 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 205-209

Author(s):

Amila Kapetanović ◽

Dijana Avdić

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Density ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Control Group ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Menstrual History ◽

History Of ◽

Mineral Bone Density

Introduction: The estrogen defi ciency after menopause leads to accelerated loss of bone mass. The aim of this study was to examine influence of physical activity on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women who hadn’t a deficit of estrogen in their menstrual history.Methods: This prospective study included 100 postmenopausal women, ages between 50 and 65, living in Sarajevo area without estrogen deficiency in menstrual history. The women in the examination group had osteoporosis. The women in the control group had osteopenia or normal mineral bone density. Mineral bone density was measured at the lumbar spine and proximal femur by Dual–Energy X–ray Absorptiometry using Hologic QDR-4000 scanner. To assess level of physical activity an International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Long Form was used.Results: In the examination group of women who had no history of menstrual estrogen deficit, level of physical activity was low in 52.00% female, and in 48.00% women level of physical activity was moderate. In the control group of women who had no history of menstrual estrogen defi cit in 10.00% female level of physical activity was low, and in 90.00% female level of physical activity was moderate. The difference in levels of physical activity between the two groups was statistically significant, X2 test = 20.6, p <0.005.Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that moderate physical activity has positive impact on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women without estrogen defi ciency in menstrual history and has the potential to reduce rapid bone loss after menopause.

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A high dietary calcium intake is needed for a positive effect on bone density in Swedish postmenopausal women

Osteoporosis International ◽

10.1007/bf01623692 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

K. Michaëlsson ◽

R. Bergström ◽

L. Holmberg ◽

H. Mallmin ◽

A. Wolk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Positive Effect

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Higher Dietary Acidity is Associated with Lower Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Iranian Women, Independent of Dietary Calcium Intake

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000207 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 84 (3-4) ◽

pp. 0206-0217 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Seyedeh-Elaheh Shariati-Bafghi ◽

Elaheh Nosrat-Mirshekarlou ◽

Mohsen Karamati ◽

Bahram Rashidkhani

Keyword(s):

Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Iranian Women ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Acid Base ◽

Base Balance ◽

Dietary Acid

Findings of studies on the link between dietary acid-base balance and bone mass are relatively mixed. We examined the association between dietary acid-base balance and bone mineral density (BMD) in a sample of Iranian women, hypothesizing that a higher dietary acidity would be inversely associated with BMD, even when dietary calcium intake is adequate. In this cross-sectional study, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMDs of 151 postmenopausal women aged 50 - 85 years were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Renal net acid excretion (RNAE), an estimate of acid-base balance, was then calculated indirectly from the diet using the formulae of Remer (based on dietary intakes of protein, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium; RNAERemer) and Frassetto (based on dietary intakes of protein and potassium; RNAEFrassetto), and was energy adjusted by the residual method. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable adjusted means of the lumbar spine BMD of women in the highest tertiles of RNAERemer and RNAEFrassetto were significantly lower than those in the lowest tertiles (for RNAERemer: mean difference -0.084 g/cm2; P=0.007 and for RNAEFrassetto: mean difference - 0.088 g/cm2; P=0.004). Similar results were observed in a subgroup analysis of subjects with dietary calcium intake of >800 mg/day. In conclusion, a higher RNAE (i. e. more dietary acidity), which is associated with greater intake of acid-generating foods and lower intake of alkali-generating foods, may be involved in deteriorating the bone health of postmenopausal Iranian women, even in the context of adequate dietary calcium intake.

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Dietary calcium intake and change in bone mineral density in older adults: a systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1038/s41430-021-00957-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah M. Bristow ◽

Mark J. Bolland ◽

Greg D. Gamble ◽

William Leung ◽

Ian R. Reid

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Longitudinal Cohort

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Investigation of Osteopaenia in Anorexia Nervosa

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.3109/00048678909062144 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 261-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Phillipa J. Hay ◽

Anne Hall ◽

John W. Delahunt ◽

Guy Harper ◽

Alex W. Mitchell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Bone Density ◽

Calcium Intake ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Dietary Calcium ◽

Dietary Calcium Intake ◽

Total Calcium ◽

Quantitative Ct ◽

History Of ◽

Normal Menstruation

Sixty-nine female patients, mean age 27.5 years (range 20-40), with a past or current history of anorexia nervosa (DSM Ill-R) had spinal trabecular bone density assessed by single energy quantitative CT scan. Current exercise and dietary calcium levels were assessed by detailed questionnaires and categorized. A semi-structured interview was used to record weight, menstruation, exercise and dietary calcium intake histories from early adolescence. Serum sex hormones and total calcium assays were measured. Bone density was significantly lower in the patients compared to 31 controls. Bone density was significantly positively correlated with body mass index, and negatively correlated with illness duration and duration of amenorrhoea. Exercise levels, dietary calcium intake and taking an oestrogen pill did not correlate significantly with bone density. Recovered patients did not have osteopaenia but they had shorter illness histories than non-recovered patients. Management to minimise bone loss should focus on weight gain and resumption of normal menstruation.

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