EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES ON YOUNG TREE DEVELOPMENT AND WATER CONSUMPTION OF ´HACIHALILOGLU´ APRICOT VARIETY

2006 ◽  
pp. 709-712
Author(s):  
H.A. Ölmez ◽  
M. Sahin ◽  
N. Demirtas ◽  
S. Colak ◽  
R. Kamber
2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
А.А. Новиков

Организация эффективного промышленного производства картофеля – одна из актуальных задач современного российского АПК. Цель исследований: оптимизация режимов орошения и минерального питания при выращивании картофеля с использованием капельного орошения. Исследования влияния водообеспеченности и питательного режима почвы на рост, развитие, водопотребление и урожайность картофеля при поливе системами капельного орошения проводили в 2008–2010 годах на светло-каштановых почвах СПК «Престиж» Ленинского района Волгоградской области. Почвы подзоны характеризуются маломощными гумусовыми горизонтами (0,15–0,25 м) и низким содержанием гумуса (1,6–2,3%) в пахотном слое. Реакция почвенного раствора слабощелочная (рН – 7,0–8,3). В рамках двухфакторного опыта изучались три режима орошения с поддержанием предполивного порога влажности почвы на уровне 80% НВ: вариант А1 – с фазы цветения, А2 – с фазы бутонизации, А3 – с фазы всходов, а также четыре дозы минеральных удобрений расчетно на получение уровня урожая: N40P50K0– 20 т/га, N100P100K70 – 30 т/га, N155P150K180– 40 т/га и N210P200K290 – 50 т/га. Для поддержания порога предполивной влажности почвы 70% НВ в период от посадки до всходов требовалось провести 1–2 полива, в период от посадки до бутонизации – от 1 до 3 поливов, в период от посадки до начала цветения – от 2 до 5 с поливной нормой 160 м3/га. Для поддержания порога предполивной влажности почвы 80% НВ с фазы всходов необходимо провести от 8 до 20 поливов, с начала фазы бутонизации – от 7 до 18 поливов, с начала фазы цветения – от 6 до 15 поливов по 130 м3/га. Суммарное водопотребление картофеля при сочетании факторов, обеспечивающих формирование урожайности до 50 т/га зрелых клубней, составляло 3470–3590 м3/га воды. Период вегетации от посадки до начала фазы сбора продукции возрастал с 91–97 суток при внесении удобрений дозой N40P50K0 и поддержании предполивного уровня влажности почвы 80% НВ с начала фазы цветения до 100–108 суток при внесении удобрений дозой N210P200K290и поддержании предполивного уровня влажности почвы 80% НВ с фазы всходов. The organization of effective industrial production of potatoes is one of the urgent tasks of the modern Russian agro-industrial complex. The purpose of the research is to optimize irrigation regimes and mineral nutrition when growing potatoes using drip irrigation. Studies of the influence of water availability and the nutrient regime of the soil on the growth, development, water consumption and yield of potatoes when watering with drip irrigation systems were carried out in 2008–2010 on light chestnut soils of the SEC Prestige of the Leninsky district of the Volgograd region. The soils of the subzone are characterized by low-power humus horizons of 0.15–0.25 m and a low humus content (1.6–2.3%) in the arable layer. The reaction of the soil solution is slightly alkaline (pH – 7.0–8.3). As part of a two-factor experiment, three irrigation regimes were studied with maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold of soil moisture at 80% NWC: option A1 – from the flowering phase, A2 – from the budding phase, A3 – from the germination phase, as well as four doses of mineral fertilizers calculated to obtain the yield level: N40P50K0– 20 t/ha, N100P100K70 – 30 t/ha, N155P150K180– 40 t/ha and N210P200K290 – 50 t/ha. To maintain the threshold of pre-watering soil moisture of 70% NWC in the period from planting to germination, 1–2 watering was required, in the period from planting to budding – from 1 to 3 watering, in the period from planting to the beginning of flowering – from 2 to 5 with a watering rate of 160 m3/ha. To maintain the threshold of pre-watering soil moisture of 80% NWC from the germination phase, it is necessary to carry out from 8 to 20 watering, from the beginning of the budding phase – from 7 to 18 watering, from the beginning of the flowering phase – from 6 to 15 watering of 130 m3/ha. The total water consumption of potatoes with a combination of factors that ensure the formation of a yield of up to 50 t/ha of mature tubers was 3470–3590 m3/ha of water. The vegetation period from planting to the beginning of the harvest phase increased from 91–97 days when applying fertilizers with a dose of N40P50K0and maintaining a pre-watering soil moisture level of 80% NWC from the beginning of the flowering phase to 100–108 days when applying fertilizers with a dose of N210P200K290 and maintaining a pre-watering soil moisture level of 80% NWC from the germination phase.


2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Lavini ◽  
Maria Riccardi ◽  
Cataldo Pulvento ◽  
Sergio De Luca ◽  
Michela Scamosci ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
F. A. Minza ◽  
A. P. Shatkovskyi ◽  
O. V. Zhuravlov

Optimization of drip irrigation regimes for intensive apple orchards is the basis of agrotechnology for their cultivation with fruit yields exceeding 50 t/ha. There are many different ways of controlling irrigation regimes that enable to use individually or comprehensively relevant instruments, tools, computer programs, mathematical models etc. Using any approach is based on data on weather and soil conditions, biological and varietal characteristics of crop water consumption. The purpose of the research was to adapt the calculated method of determining the total water consumption (ETs) "Penman-Monteith" when using drip irrigation for apple trees on the rootstock M-9 in the conditions of the Steppe of Ukraine. The scientific-methodological approaches set out in the FAO 56 guidance were used when conducting the experiment. In the experiments, CropWat 8.0 computer program and iMetos digital weather station were used as tools to obtain data and calculate water consumption. When using the Penman – Monteith method, 6–10 vegetation irrigations with the rates of 620–700 m3/ha were conducted during the study period. With that the average yield of marketable fruits was 32.9 t/ha, and the average coefficient of irrigation efficiency was 31.5 m3/t. In production conditions, the actual total water consumption of apple trees when using the Penman-Monteith method was established as 3269.7 m3/ha, the reference water consumption (ETo) for this soil and climate zone during the growing season. In all phases of tree development, the ratio of apple coefficients (Kc) - typical one based on the recommendations of FAO 56 and calculated one, obtained based on the experimental data was established. A comparison of the actual value of the ETc and the calculated one using apple Kc according to the FAO 56 guidance was done. It is recommended that when determining the parameters of the drip irrigation regimes for apple trees on the rootstock M-9 in the Steppe of Ukraine when using CropWat 8.0 computer program and iMetos digital weather station to use the adjusted values ​​of Kc.


1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo d'Andria ◽  
Fabrizio Quaglietta Chiarandà ◽  
Antonella Lavini ◽  
Mauro Mori

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 5692-5702
Author(s):  
单立山 SHAN Lishan ◽  
李毅 LI Yi ◽  
张希明 ZHANG Ximing ◽  
王蕙 WANG Hui

Author(s):  
Ilie COVRIG

Within new established tree nurseries, for development of young trees in the earlyyears,  the  determining  factor  is  their  ability  to  resist  deviations  from  normal  climatic  elements.  It  is known that beach young trees have poor resistance to extremes of climatic variations. The aim of our research is to emphasize the frost effect reported on spring months, upon young tree development. The research  was  carried  out  within  units  (UP)  of  the  forests  of  Sovata  Forestry  Office  located  on  the South -  Western  part  of  volcanic  Gurghiu  Mountains  and  a  small  part  of  Transylvanian  Carpathian Mountains. The average annual temperatures recorded in Gurghiu Mountains in the highlands of the cones,  are  among  2 -  6 0C.  The  research  was  conducted  during  April  1999 -  March  2001  in  areas considered  representative  and  aimed  to  record  the  influence  of  microclimate  in  stands  of  beech,  in conditions  of  specific  forestry  works,  performed  for  supplying  the  natural  regeneration  of  trees. Measurements were carried out in several of points evenly spread across the research area, according to a specific experimental design. During the nights of May 3 and 4, temperatures fell to - 4.3 0C and - 0.8 0C, respectively, and as consequence, on 7 and 8th of May, we found that over 60% of the seedlings were destroyed by frost. The phenomenon was more pronounced in a UP surface exposed to the south, in comparison with those with north - east exposure where frost damage represented 10 to 13%. Our study  demonstrates  the  importance  of  practicing  an  appropriate  forest  management,  taking  into account  the  natural  conditions,  and  also  all  the  possible  temperature  scenarios  concerning  winter conditions and temperature in concerned area.


2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (08) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
S.O. Khusanov ◽  
◽  
G.B. Turgunova ◽  

The article examines the water consumption for harvesting 1 centner of soybean variety “Tomaris”, grown as an auxiliary crop, under various irrigation regimes.


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