scholarly journals WATER CONSUMPTION OF SHADE EXPERIMENTAL FIELD MAINTAINED AS A REPEAT CROP IN DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (08) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
S.O. Khusanov ◽  
◽  
G.B. Turgunova ◽  

The article examines the water consumption for harvesting 1 centner of soybean variety “Tomaris”, grown as an auxiliary crop, under various irrigation regimes.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
R. Bazitov

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to establish the evapotranspiration of Sudan grass variety Engje-1, grown as a second crop for silage on meadow-cinnamon soil for the region of Southern Bulgaria under irrigation conditions and without irrigation. For this purpose, an experiment with Sudan variety Endje-1 was conducted in the experimental field of the Agricultural Institute – Stara Zagora on soil type meadow-cinnamon soil, after its predecessor barley. The Sudan grass is harvested in the brooming stage. Two variants were explored: Variant 1 – without irrigation (control) and Variant 2 – with optimal irrigation, 70-75% of field capacity (FC). Evapotranspiration of Sudan grass grown as a second crop under non-irrigated conditions, depending on the nature of the year, ranges from 168.7 mm to 183.7 mm. Under conditions of irrigation, the largest share in the formation of the water consumption is occupied by the irrigation norm – 87.1% on average (from 86.3 to 90.8%). Under irrigated conditions, the relative participation of the initial water reserve in the formation of evapotranspiration significantly decreases.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-189
Author(s):  
Adriana Giongo ◽  
Adriana Ambrosini ◽  
João Ruy Jardim Freire ◽  
Luciano Kayser ◽  
Maria Helena Bodanese-Zanettin ◽  
...  

As the long-term phenotype and genetic stability of bacteria used as inoculant are important parameters in their ecology and for agricultural purposes, this study aimed genotypically characterize several-rescued bradyrhizobia of an experimental field thirty years after the first inoculation. A high genetic diversity of 30 bradyrhizobia isolates was observed, either by AFLP (H = 4.87) or rep-PCR (H = 4.18). The results indicate that the Bradyrhizobium population that persists in the Eldorado soil is genetically very diverse and different from the parental strains. All isolates were infective and trapped in IAS-5 soybean variety maintaining their nodulation and nitrogen fixation properties. Given that many rhizobia in a soil can lost the infective capacity and that the host genotype can affect the spectrum of rhizobial genotype selected from a soil, the genetic diversity of the complete bradyrhizobia population in Eldorado soil could be even higher than the identified in this work.


2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
А.А. Новиков

Организация эффективного промышленного производства картофеля – одна из актуальных задач современного российского АПК. Цель исследований: оптимизация режимов орошения и минерального питания при выращивании картофеля с использованием капельного орошения. Исследования влияния водообеспеченности и питательного режима почвы на рост, развитие, водопотребление и урожайность картофеля при поливе системами капельного орошения проводили в 2008–2010 годах на светло-каштановых почвах СПК «Престиж» Ленинского района Волгоградской области. Почвы подзоны характеризуются маломощными гумусовыми горизонтами (0,15–0,25 м) и низким содержанием гумуса (1,6–2,3%) в пахотном слое. Реакция почвенного раствора слабощелочная (рН – 7,0–8,3). В рамках двухфакторного опыта изучались три режима орошения с поддержанием предполивного порога влажности почвы на уровне 80% НВ: вариант А1 – с фазы цветения, А2 – с фазы бутонизации, А3 – с фазы всходов, а также четыре дозы минеральных удобрений расчетно на получение уровня урожая: N40P50K0– 20 т/га, N100P100K70 – 30 т/га, N155P150K180– 40 т/га и N210P200K290 – 50 т/га. Для поддержания порога предполивной влажности почвы 70% НВ в период от посадки до всходов требовалось провести 1–2 полива, в период от посадки до бутонизации – от 1 до 3 поливов, в период от посадки до начала цветения – от 2 до 5 с поливной нормой 160 м3/га. Для поддержания порога предполивной влажности почвы 80% НВ с фазы всходов необходимо провести от 8 до 20 поливов, с начала фазы бутонизации – от 7 до 18 поливов, с начала фазы цветения – от 6 до 15 поливов по 130 м3/га. Суммарное водопотребление картофеля при сочетании факторов, обеспечивающих формирование урожайности до 50 т/га зрелых клубней, составляло 3470–3590 м3/га воды. Период вегетации от посадки до начала фазы сбора продукции возрастал с 91–97 суток при внесении удобрений дозой N40P50K0 и поддержании предполивного уровня влажности почвы 80% НВ с начала фазы цветения до 100–108 суток при внесении удобрений дозой N210P200K290и поддержании предполивного уровня влажности почвы 80% НВ с фазы всходов. The organization of effective industrial production of potatoes is one of the urgent tasks of the modern Russian agro-industrial complex. The purpose of the research is to optimize irrigation regimes and mineral nutrition when growing potatoes using drip irrigation. Studies of the influence of water availability and the nutrient regime of the soil on the growth, development, water consumption and yield of potatoes when watering with drip irrigation systems were carried out in 2008–2010 on light chestnut soils of the SEC Prestige of the Leninsky district of the Volgograd region. The soils of the subzone are characterized by low-power humus horizons of 0.15–0.25 m and a low humus content (1.6–2.3%) in the arable layer. The reaction of the soil solution is slightly alkaline (pH – 7.0–8.3). As part of a two-factor experiment, three irrigation regimes were studied with maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold of soil moisture at 80% NWC: option A1 – from the flowering phase, A2 – from the budding phase, A3 – from the germination phase, as well as four doses of mineral fertilizers calculated to obtain the yield level: N40P50K0– 20 t/ha, N100P100K70 – 30 t/ha, N155P150K180– 40 t/ha and N210P200K290 – 50 t/ha. To maintain the threshold of pre-watering soil moisture of 70% NWC in the period from planting to germination, 1–2 watering was required, in the period from planting to budding – from 1 to 3 watering, in the period from planting to the beginning of flowering – from 2 to 5 with a watering rate of 160 m3/ha. To maintain the threshold of pre-watering soil moisture of 80% NWC from the germination phase, it is necessary to carry out from 8 to 20 watering, from the beginning of the budding phase – from 7 to 18 watering, from the beginning of the flowering phase – from 6 to 15 watering of 130 m3/ha. The total water consumption of potatoes with a combination of factors that ensure the formation of a yield of up to 50 t/ha of mature tubers was 3470–3590 m3/ha of water. The vegetation period from planting to the beginning of the harvest phase increased from 91–97 days when applying fertilizers with a dose of N40P50K0and maintaining a pre-watering soil moisture level of 80% NWC from the beginning of the flowering phase to 100–108 days when applying fertilizers with a dose of N210P200K290 and maintaining a pre-watering soil moisture level of 80% NWC from the germination phase.


2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Lavini ◽  
Maria Riccardi ◽  
Cataldo Pulvento ◽  
Sergio De Luca ◽  
Michela Scamosci ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
F. A. Minza ◽  
A. P. Shatkovskyi ◽  
O. V. Zhuravlov

Optimization of drip irrigation regimes for intensive apple orchards is the basis of agrotechnology for their cultivation with fruit yields exceeding 50 t/ha. There are many different ways of controlling irrigation regimes that enable to use individually or comprehensively relevant instruments, tools, computer programs, mathematical models etc. Using any approach is based on data on weather and soil conditions, biological and varietal characteristics of crop water consumption. The purpose of the research was to adapt the calculated method of determining the total water consumption (ETs) "Penman-Monteith" when using drip irrigation for apple trees on the rootstock M-9 in the conditions of the Steppe of Ukraine. The scientific-methodological approaches set out in the FAO 56 guidance were used when conducting the experiment. In the experiments, CropWat 8.0 computer program and iMetos digital weather station were used as tools to obtain data and calculate water consumption. When using the Penman – Monteith method, 6–10 vegetation irrigations with the rates of 620–700 m3/ha were conducted during the study period. With that the average yield of marketable fruits was 32.9 t/ha, and the average coefficient of irrigation efficiency was 31.5 m3/t. In production conditions, the actual total water consumption of apple trees when using the Penman-Monteith method was established as 3269.7 m3/ha, the reference water consumption (ETo) for this soil and climate zone during the growing season. In all phases of tree development, the ratio of apple coefficients (Kc) - typical one based on the recommendations of FAO 56 and calculated one, obtained based on the experimental data was established. A comparison of the actual value of the ETc and the calculated one using apple Kc according to the FAO 56 guidance was done. It is recommended that when determining the parameters of the drip irrigation regimes for apple trees on the rootstock M-9 in the Steppe of Ukraine when using CropWat 8.0 computer program and iMetos digital weather station to use the adjusted values ​​of Kc.


1997 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo d'Andria ◽  
Fabrizio Quaglietta Chiarandà ◽  
Antonella Lavini ◽  
Mauro Mori

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (18) ◽  
pp. 5692-5702
Author(s):  
单立山 SHAN Lishan ◽  
李毅 LI Yi ◽  
张希明 ZHANG Ximing ◽  
王蕙 WANG Hui

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
M J Hussain ◽  
R P Rannu ◽  
M A Razzak ◽  
R Ahmed ◽  
M H R Sheikh

The study was conducted at the experimental field of Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur during Rabi seasons in three years (2012 to 2015) to investigate the response of broccoli (cv. Premium crop) under different irrigation regimes. The experiment was conducted in RCBD with five replications. There were four treatments: I1=Irrigation up to FC at 5 days interval after plant establishment (PE), I2= Irrigation up to FC at 10 days interval after PE, I3 = Irrigation up to FC at 15 days interval after PE and I4= Irrigation up to FC at 20 days interval after PE. A significant response of broccoli to different irrigation levels was observed. Among the different treatments, I2 (irrigation at 10 days interval) was significantly better yielding (19.98 t/ha, 20.63 t/ha and 16.24 t/ha in 1st, 2nd and 3rd year, respectively). The lowest yields were observed from the treatment I4 each in all 3 years. The highest seasonal water (382.30 mm, 296.58 mm and 305.00 mm in 1st, 2nd  and 3rd year) were used in treatment I1 and the lowest (204.60 mm, 185.66 mm and 179.77mm in the 1st, 2nd  and 3rd year) were used in treatment I4, I3 and I3, respectively. The results suggest that irrigation at 10 days interval (I2) might be optimum irrigation schedule for broccoli production on the basis of gross return. But in respect of economic profitability, the highest marginal rate of return is obtained from treatment I3.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(1) 98-106


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