ACHIEVEMENTS AND PERSPECTIVES OF SWEET PEPPER BREEDING TOWARDS HIGH BETA-CAROTENE

2009 ◽  
pp. 205-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Tomlekova ◽  
O.O. Timina ◽  
O.Y. Timin
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
High Beta ◽  
Pepper Breeding

scholarly journals Provitamin A Absorption and Conversion from a Unique High Beta‐Carotene Tomato is Higher when Consumed with Avocado

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E Kopec ◽  
Jessica L Cooperstone ◽  
Ralf M Schweiggert ◽  
Kenneth M Riedl ◽  
Earl H Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
High Beta

scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics Profiling of High Beta Carotene Cassava with respect to Postharvest Physiological Deterioration

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ngozi L. Edoh ◽  
Ukpabi J. Ukpabi ◽  
John O. Igoli
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Lipid Metabolites ◽  
Postharvest Physiological Deterioration ◽  
High Beta ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Cassava roots undergo postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD), and for most varieties it sets in within 72 hours of harvest. An untargeted metabolomics approach combined with a data-driven approach for statistical analysis was used to characterize and profile high beta-carotene cassava varieties with the aim of identifying any relevant metabolite changes that occur during PPD. Sixteen cassava root samples from four cassava lines were planted in a greenhouse and harvested after four months. The samples included four of 2 conventionally bred beta carotene cassava varieties – UMUCASS 38, UMUCASS 45 and four of 2 transgenic high beta carotene cultivars - EC20-7 and EC20-8 cassava lines. Extracts of fresh cassava roots from 20-100 mg tissues were used for the analyses and data were processed using Elements for Metabolomics software. Starch and lipid metabolites were the major constituents which may help explain the observed differences in starch and dry matter content among the varieties. The results provide further insight in the understanding of PPD and suggestions on controlling this deterioration in cassava are made.

scholarly journals Sensory and Objective Quality Attributes of Beta-carotene and Lycopene-rich Tomato Fruit

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stommel ◽  
Judith A. Abbott ◽  
Robert A. Saftner ◽  
Mary J. Camp
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
White Light ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
High Beta

Consumer acceptance of fresh and processed tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) products is influenced by product appearance, flavor, aroma, and textural properties. Color is a key component that influences a consumer's initial perception of quality. Beta-carotene and lycopene are the principal carotenoids in tomato fruit that impart color. Analytical and sensory analyses of fruit quality constituents were conducted to assess real and perceived differences in fruit quality between orange-pigmented, high-beta-carotene cherry tomato genotypes and conventional lycopene-rich, red-pigmented cherry tomato cultivars. Thirteen sensory attributes were evaluated by untrained consumers under red-masking light conditions where differences in fruit color could not be discerned and then under white light. Panelists preferred the appearance of the red-pigmented cultivars when viewed under white light, but scored many of the other fruit-quality attributes of red- and orange-pigmented genotypes similarly whether they could discern the color or not. Irrespective of light conditions, significant genotype effects were noted for fruit appearance, sweetness, acidity/sourness, bitterness, tomato-like flavor, unpleasant aftertaste, firmness in fingers, juiciness, skin toughness, chewiness, bursting energy, and overall eating quality. Attributes whose scores differed between white and red-masking lights were intensities of tomato aroma, tomato-like flavor, sweetness, bursting energy, juiciness, and overall eating quality. The results demonstrated a color bias favoring red-pigmented fruit and highlight the influence that color has on perception of tomato fruit quality, particularly on tomato-like flavor, juiciness, and overall eating quality. Interactions between fruit chemical constituents likely influenced perceptions of quality. High-beta-carotene genotypes contained higher levels of sugars and soluble solids and equal or higher titratable acidity than the red-pigmented cultivars. Total volatile levels did not differ among genotypes; however, several individual volatiles were significantly higher in high-beta-carotene genotypes.

scholarly journals (266) Identifying Molecular Markers Correlating with High Beta-carotene Content in Muskmelon

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049D-1049
Author(s):  
Alexandra B. Napier ◽  
Kevin M. Crosby ◽  
Soon O. Park
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Eye Health ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Beta

Muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) play an important role in the American diet. Ranked as one of the top 10 most-consumed fruits by the USDA, cantaloupe melons have the highest amount of beta-carotene of all the ranked fruits. Beta-carotene, also called pro-Vitamin A, is an essential nutrient required for eye health, and may have the potential, as an antioxidant to reduce the risks associated with cancer, heart disease, and other illnesses. Breeding melons with increased levels of beta-carotene will benefit consumer health. Research has found phytonutrients are most bioavailable when consumed in their fresh form, rather than as vitamin supplements. The high level of beta-carotene found in some melons has a genotypic component, which may be exploited to breed melons high in beta-carotene. Molecular markers and marker-assisted selection (MAS) can be used to increase the efficacy of the breeding process, while lowering breeding costs. An F2 population was created using `Sunrise', the female parent, containing no beta-carotene crossed with `TAM Uvalde', a high beta-carotene variety. A field population consisting of 115 F2 individuals and a greenhouse population containing 90 F2 individuals were grown. The resulting fruit were screened phenotypically and ranked according to beta-carotene content. Chisquare values fit the previously reported model of a single dominant gene for presence of beta-carotene (orange-flesh) vs. absence (green or white flesh). A continuous distribution of beta-carotene concentrations from high to low suggested quantitative inheritance for this trait. Two eight-plant DNA bulks composed of either high or low beta-carotene F2 individuals were screened for polymorphic molecular markers using the amplified fragment-length polymorphism technique.

scholarly journals Robust in vitro propagation and regeneration of ubi kuning high beta carotene cassava genotype through somatic embryogenesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
SUPATMI SUPATMI ◽  
HANI FITRIANI ◽  
NURHAMIDARR RAHMAN ◽  
N. SRI HARTATI ◽  
ENNY SUDARMONOWATI
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Dark Light ◽  
High Beta

Supatmi, Fitriani H, Rahman N, Hartati NS, Sudarmonowati E. 2017. Robust in vitro propagation and regeneration of ubi kuning high beta carotene cassava genotype through somatic embryogenesis. Nusantara Bioscience 9: 352-360. Ubi kuning is a local genotype of cassava with high beta carotene content but the development of this genotype is still low because of plant disease susceptibility. Objectives of this study were to robust induce and regenerate somatic embryos of ubi kuning in vitro as well as to define a protocol of cyclic somatic embryogenesis of ubi kuning. Different size of leaf lobes, various concentration of picloram and different light conditions were tested to produce an effective and efficient somatic embryos (SEs).The best response of the induction of embryogenic callus was observed in leaf lobes explant with range size of 1-3 mm and >5mm cultured on induction medium (MS + 4% sucrose + 4 μM CuSO4 + 0.1 mM Glutamine + 0.8% Microagar) supplemented with either 10 or 18 mg/L picloram grown under dark light for 4 weeks. Retransferring embryogenic callus to the same medium supplemented with 16 mg/L picloram gave the advanced development of primary somatic embryos (PSEs) after 70 d grown under both dark and light condition treatments. A positive correlation between globular and cotyledon stages was obtained in all treatments (P≤ 0.01). The highest shoot and root growth (30% and 25%) was achieved in the regeneration of cotyledonary like-tissues cultured on callus embryogenic media (CEM) (MS basal+ 2.5 μM CuSO4 + 3% sucrose + 2.75 g/L phytagel) supplemented with 1.6 mg/L of BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine).

scholarly journals Effect of Scopoletin and Carotenoids on Postharvest Physiological Deterioration (PPD) of Transgenic High Beta Carotene Cassava

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ngozi L. Edoh ◽  
Joseph Ukpabi ◽  
John O. Igoli
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Chemical Marker ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Wild Variety ◽  
Lutein Content ◽  
Postharvest Physiological Deterioration ◽  
High Beta ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Cassava tubers suffer from postharvest physiological deterioration (PPD) which normally sets in within 72 hours of harvest. This study examines the role of scopoletin and carotenoids in the onset or delay in PPD in two transgenic varieties EC20-7 and EC20-8 compared to a wild variety TME-7. Scopoletin and carotenoids were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The scopoletin content (0.10 – 0.20 nmol/g) in the fresh varieties was not significantly (P>0.05) different from the amount in stored cassava roots (12.58 – 14.90 nmol/g). The carotenoid content values in EC20-7 variety were 6.66 µg/g (α-carotene), 80.45 µg/g (β-carotene) and 5.98 µg/g (lutein). As for EC20-8, α-carotene, β-carotene and lutein values were 6.19 µg/g, 69.11 µg/g and 3.12 µg/g, respectively. There was no significant (P>0.05) difference between the varieties in α-carotene content but in their lutein content. The results indicate that carotenoids are more relevant in the delay of PPD and scopoletin content is not a major factor in PPD vascular streaking or discolouration. Hence scopoletin content of cassava varieties may not be considered as a chemical marker for determining the potential of PPD in cassava tubers.

A multi-trait characterization of the ‘Friariello’ landrace: a Mediterranean resource for sweet pepper breeding

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Parisi ◽  
Francesco Di Dato ◽  
Sara Ricci ◽  
Giuseppe Mennella ◽  
Teodoro Cardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Pepper Breeding

Landraces are an important resource for crop breeding, due to their resilience and content of quality traits. However, genetic and phenotypic variability needs to be carefully characterized for proper direct and indirect use. In the present study, a multidisciplinary approach was carried out to assess the Italian sweet pepper landrace ‘Friariello’. A total of 18 traditional accessions were compared with five hybrids and two ecotypes with similar fruit typology. Genetic and morpho-agronomic characterization allowed us to distinguish five different group types of ‘Friariello’. Accessions showing two/three lobes at the blossom end of the fruit were found to be the most productive, whereas the genotypes showing one/two lobes at the blossom end were the most homogeneous. A total of 167 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified in the collection analysed. Moreover, of the 37 targeted VOCs, 29 showed significant differences in content among the pepper genotypes studied. Of such VOCs related to main flavours described for pepper in the literature, ten were found to be the major determinants of variability among the derived ‘Friariello’ groups. A slightly negative, albeit not significant, correlation was observed between ascorbic acid (AsA) content and agronomic traits, suggesting a better quality for less productive accessions, but also the possibility to improve yield without significantly reducing the AsA levels. The approach used allowed us to define how the different typologies can be used for different breeding purposes, integrating the peculiar properties in order to establish a desirable landrace ideotype. Furthermore, valuable sources for improving quality traits in pepper breeding were identified.

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