EVALUATION OF AMARANTHUS SPECIES FOR THEIR HOST SUITABILITY TO THE ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES, MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA RACE 2 AND MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA IN SOUTH AFRICA

2013 ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.P. Steyn ◽  
M.S. Daneel ◽  
M.M. Slabbert
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Host Suitability ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Race 2

scholarly journals Heritability of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) Resistance in Sweetpotatoes

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 622a-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Maluf ◽  
S. M. Azevedo ◽  
V.P. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp ◽  
Diverse Origin ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

Heritabilities for resistance to root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita races 1, 2, 3, and 4) were studied in a population of 226 sweetpotato clones of diverse origin. For each nematode isolate tested, 128-cell speedling trays were filled with previously inoculated substrate (30000 eggs/1000 mL substrate). Sweetpotato clones suitably tagged and identified were randomly planted in the cells (one plant/cell), with a total of four plants per clone per isolate. Ninety days after inoculation, sweetpotato plants had their roots washed for substrate removal, and treated with 150 mg·L–1 Phloxine B to stain nematode egg masses. The number of egg masses per root was recorded, and plants were accordingly assigned scores from 0 (highly resistant) to 5 (highly susceptible). Broad-sense heritability estimates were 0.87, 0.91, 0.81, 0.95, and 0.93 respectively for resistance to M. javanica and races 1, 2, 3, and 4 of M. incognita. The frequencies of resistant genotypes were higher for M. javanica and lower for M. incognita race 2. Genotypic correlations (rG) among the resistances to the various Meloidogyne isolates utilized were weak, ranging from 0.11 to 0.57, suggesting independent genetic controls. Clones could be selected, however, with high levels of resistance to all nematode isolates tested. (This work was supported by CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, and FAEPE/UFLA.)

scholarly journals Resistance of Dry Bean and Snap Bean Cultivars to Root-knot Nematodes

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindynara Ferreira ◽  
Luiz Antonio A. Gomes ◽  
Wilson Roberto Maluf ◽  
Vicente Paulo Campos ◽  
José Luiz S. de Carvalho Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Moderately Resistant

This study assessed the reaction of dry bean and snap bean cultivars to infection by Meloidogyne incognita (races 1, 3) and by Meloidogyne javanica, two species of root-knot nematodes. Three independent experiments were done, one for each species or race of Meloidogyne, using randomized complete block designs with four replications (plots) and four plants per plot. A plot with the susceptible tomato cultivar Santa Clara was used in each block to determine the efficiency of the inoculum and to calculate the reproduction rate for each of the genotypes assessed. The bean cultivars Aporé and Talismã were highly resistant to Meloidogyne javanica, slightly resistant to Meloidogyne incognita race 1, and moderately resistant and slightly resistant, respectively, to Meloidogyne incognita race 3. The snap bean cultivars Macarrão Atibaia and Macarrão Preferido were slightly resistant to Meloidogyne javanica and moderately resistant and susceptible, respectively, to Meloidogyne incognita race 1. The reactions of the latter cultivars against Meloidogyne incognita race 3 were very resistant and slightly resistant, respectively. The results of these experiments showed that the dry bean cultivars Aporé and Ouro Negro and the snap bean cultivar Macarrão Atibaia have potential to be used in breeding programs for a broader spectrum of root-knot nematode resistances.

Maize and root-knot nematodes: a problematic, deep-seated association.

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Hendrika Fourie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Damage Symptoms

Abstract This paper focuses on the economic importance, host range, geographical distribution, damage symptoms and biology and life cycle of the root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica infesting maize in South Africa. Information on their interactions with other nematodes and pathogens, recommended integrated nematode management strategies and future research requirements are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Use of Essential Oil and Hydrosol Extracted from Cuminum cyminum Seeds for the Control of Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Iro Pardavella ◽  
Demetra Daferera ◽  
Theodoros Tselios ◽  
Panagiota Skiada ◽  
Ioannis Giannakou
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Meloidogyne Species

The essential oil (EO) and hydrosol (HL) isolated from Cuminum cyminum (cumin) seeds were evaluated against the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica. The efficacy of extracts on the motility, hatching, and survival in soil of second-stage juveniles (J2s), and the activity on egg differentiation were tested. All J2s were paralyzed after immersion in the EO at 62.5 μL/L concentration for 96 h. Encouraging results were recorded using HL equal to or higher than 10% concentration for both Meloidogyne species tested. More than 70% paralyzed J2s were recorded after immersion for 48 h, while the percentage was increased to higher than 90% after 96 h of immersion. A clear effect on egg differentiation was observed after immersion in EO or HL. A significant decrease in egg differentiation was revealed at even low concentrations of EO while an evident decrease in egg differentiation was recorded after immersion of eggs in 50% HL dilution. Decreased hatching of M. incognita and M. javanica J2s was observed with the increase in concentration. The lowest numbers of hatched J2s were recorded when EO was used at 1000 and 2000 μL/L concentrations. A constant reduction in root-knot nematode J2 hatching was observed upon increasing the concentration of HL from 5% to 50%. The EO of C. cyminum is characterized by the presence of γ-terpinene-7-al (34.95%), cumin aldehydes (26.48), and α-terpinene-7-al (12.77%). The above constituents were observed in HL following the same order as that observed in EO. The components γ-terpinene (11.09%) and ο-cymene (6.56%) were also recorded in EO while they were absent in HL.

New pepper accessions proved to be suitable as a genetic resource for use in breeding nematode-resistant rootstocks

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulgencio Sánchez-Solana ◽  
Caridad Ros ◽  
María del Mar Guerrero ◽  
Carmen María Lacasa ◽  
Elena Sánchez-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Potential Resource ◽  
Growing Conditions

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne spp., are considered, worldwide, as one of the main pathogens of solanaceous crops, including pepper (Capsicum spp.). Restrictions on the use of standard nematicides have motivated the development and use of resistant cultivars and rootstocks. Three genes in pepper, called Me1, Me3 and N, confer resistance to the three main RKN species (Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne arenaria). However, their effectiveness seems to be limited because nematode populations that have overcome the resistance have been found, leading to a search for new sources of resistance and strategies to preserve their effectiveness. In two greenhouses and over a 7-month growing period, we evaluated the resistance to M. incognita and the agronomic behaviour as rootstocks of nine pepper (Capsicum annuum) accessions – HDA330 (Me1 carrier), Serrano Criollo de Morelos, (Me3 carrier), Yolo Wonder (partially resistant) and another six accessions of unknown resistance originating from cultivars well adapted to the local growing conditions. The resistance conferred by the Me1 gene was more robust than that conferred by Me3. Resistance to M. incognita was found in four new accessions: P13, CTL, CT5, and P14. In P13, the level of resistance was similar to that of HDA330. The resistant accessions showed better agronomic behaviour than the susceptible accessions, which was most noticeable towards the final of the growing period. Some accessions constitute a potential resource for use in the genetic breeding of RKN-resistant rootstocks.

scholarly journals Nematóides associados a plantas invasoras

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (0) ◽  
pp. 597-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Zem ◽  
Luiz Gonzaga E. Lordello
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Meloidogyne Arenaria ◽  
Pratylenchus Brachyurus ◽  
Pratylenchus Zeae

O presente trabalho trata de nematóides associados a raízes de 71 plantas invasoras, nas quais revelou-se a presença de 8 gêneros e 18 espécies parasitas. As espécies, pela ordem decrescente de freqüência foram: Helicotylenchus dihystera (46%) ; Meloidogyne javanica (24%) ; Meloidogyne incognita (23%); Macroposthonia ornata (17%); Pratylenchus brachyurus (16%) ; Pratylenchus zeae (14%) ; Xiphinemaseiariae (11%); Xiphinema krugi (10%); Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus (5,6%); Meloidogyne arenaria (4,2%); Helicotylenchus dUiysteroides (4,2%) ; Tylenchorhynchus martini (4,2%) ; Aphelenchoides sp. (2,8%) ; Ditylenchus sp. (2,8%) ; Helicotylerfichus microcephalus (2,8%) ; Xiphinema elongatum (2,8%) ; Helicotylenchus egyptiensis (1,4%) e Meloidogyne coffeicola (1,4%). São feitas considerações sobre as implicações para a agricultura de tão ampla distribuição de nematóides em plantas colonizadoras e gramíneas utilizadas como forrageiras.

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