PREVENTION OF SWEET CHERRY FRUIT CRACKING USING SURESEAL, AN ORGANIC BIOFILM

2014 ◽  
pp. 477-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kaiser ◽  
E. Fallahi ◽  
M. Meland ◽  
L.E. Long ◽  
J.M. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Cracking

scholarly journals Multi-year analyses on three populations reveal the first stable QTLs for tolerance to rain-induced fruit cracking in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Quero-García ◽  
Philippe Letourmy ◽  
José Antonio Campoy ◽  
Camille Branchereau ◽  
Svetoslav Malchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

AbstractRain-induced fruit cracking is a major problem in sweet cherry cultivation. Basic research has been conducted to disentangle the physiological and mechanistic bases of this complex phenomenon, whereas genetic studies have lagged behind. The objective of this work was to disentangle the genetic determinism of rain-induced fruit cracking. We hypothesized that a large genetic variation would be revealed, by visual field observations conducted on mapping populations derived from well-contrasted cultivars for cracking tolerance. Three populations were evaluated over 7–8 years by estimating the proportion of cracked fruits for each genotype at maturity, at three different areas of the sweet cherry fruit: pistillar end, stem end, and fruit side. An original approach was adopted to integrate, within simple linear models, covariates potentially related to cracking, such as rainfall accumulation before harvest, fruit weight, and firmness. We found the first stable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for cherry fruit cracking, explaining percentages of phenotypic variance above 20%, for each of these three types of cracking tolerance, in different linkage groups, confirming the high complexity of this trait. For these and other QTLs, further analyses suggested the existence of at least two-linked QTLs in each linkage group, some of which showed confidence intervals close to 5 cM. These promising results open the possibility of developing marker-assisted selection strategies to select cracking-tolerant sweet cherry cultivars. Further studies are needed to confirm the stability of the reported QTLs over different genetic backgrounds and environments and to narrow down the QTL confidence intervals, allowing the exploration of underlying candidate genes.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Sweet Cherry Cultivars to Rain Induced Fruit Cracking in the Region of Sarajevo

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Mirjana Stojanović ◽  
Dragan Milatović ◽  
Mirko Kulina ◽  
Zlatka Alić – Džanović
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Gisela 5

Susceptibility of 5 sweet cherry cultivars, grafted on Gisela 5, to rain induced fruit cracking was studied in the region of Sarajevo, during a two – year period (2010 – 2011). Testing of fruit cracking was done using index by Christensen. During the testing period, significant differences in susceptibility to fruit cracking among both the cultivars and the years of testing were found. All the cultivars had the highest fruit cracking index in 2010 year. The highest susceptibility to rain induced fruit cracking was evidenced in cultivar ‘Burlat’ during both years. Cultivars ‘Kordia’, ‘Regina’, ‘Karina’ and ‘Schneider's Spӓte Knorpelkirsche’ were moderately susceptible to fruit cracking.

Fruit ripening and harvest.

2021 ◽  
pp. 282-303
Author(s):  
Lynn E. Long ◽  
Gregory A. Lang ◽  
Clive Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Humidity Control ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Harvesting Techniques ◽  
Safe Transport

Abstract This chapter provides information on the processes that occur in the sweet cherry fruit during ripening prior to harvest. Some pre-harvest disorders, such as fruit cracking, and their management are presented. Some factors to consider during the harvesting of the fruits are also discussed, along with various harvesting techniques. Some postharvest fruit quality considerations are highlighted and the importance of postharvest temperature and humidity control and safe transport of fruits from the orchard to the packing house are pointed out.

scholarly journals Effect of Mulching to Root Zone Soil on Fruit Cracking, Plant Water Relation, and Fruit Growth and Quality in Sweet Cherry

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-358
Author(s):  
Takanori Yamamoto ◽  
Kohei Okuya ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
Ko Kawakami ◽  
Akehiro Kanamoto
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Water Relation ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Plant Water Relation ◽  
Fruit Cracking

scholarly journals Sweet cherry fruit cracking: follow-up testing methods and cultivar-metabolic screening

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michail Michailidis ◽  
Evangelos Karagiannis ◽  
Georgia Tanou ◽  
Eirini Sarrou ◽  
Katerina Karamanoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Cracking Behavior ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Metabolic Screening ◽  
Physiological Problem ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars

Abstract Background: Rain-induced fruit cracking is a major physiological problem in most sweet cherry cultivars. For an in vivocracking assay, the ‘Christensen method’ (cracking evaluation following fruit immersion in water) is commonly used; however, this test does not adequately simulate environmental conditions.Herein, we have designed and evaluated a cracking protocol, named ‘Waterfall method’, in which fruits are continuously wetted under controlled conditions. Results: The application of this method alone, or in combination with ‘Christensen method, was shown to be a reliable approach to characterize sweet cherry cracking behavior. Seventeen cherry cultivars were tested for their cracking behavior using both protocols, and primary as well as secondary metabolites identification was performed in skin tissue using a combined GC-MS and UPLC-MS/MS platform. Significant variations of some of the detected metabolites were discovered and important cracking index–metabolite correlations were identified. Conclusions: We have established an alternative/complementary method of cherry cracking characterization alongside to Christiansen assay.

scholarly journals Study of some abiotic factors and their influence on the yield and quality of four cherry cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-103
Author(s):  
Dimitar Vasilev ◽  
Maria Kaschieva
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Sweet Cherry Cultivars ◽  
Range Of Values

AbstractThe study was performed at the Experimental Station of Agriculture - Khan Krum in the period 2018-2019. The experimental plantation was established in 2001, the early Bigareau Burlat, middle early Bing and the late Germersdorfer and Van were tested. The planting material was produced on a mahaleb rootstock. The distance of planting was 6 meters interrow spacing and 5 meters intrarow spacing. The experiment was based on three replications each of them reported on a separate tree. When analyzing the frost percentage of flowers, 400 blossoms were taken from three levels of the crown of each tree, the same number of fruits were taken to determine the cracking percentage. Percentage of damaged blossoms, yield kg/ha and percentage of fruit cracking as a result of fallen rains during harvest were established. The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of abiotic factors on the yield and quality of four sweet cherry cultivars. In this regard, the frost percentage in the range of values was 67,3 - 100%. Bigareau Burlat yield was not obtained, and it was relatively low from Germersdorf and Bing (20,1 - 24,6 kg/ha) at Van 84,6 kg/ha. The number of cracked fruits due to fallen rains during harvest was relatively high in Van and Bing (39,8 - 47,4%), while in the Germersdorf cultivar it was lower - 21,2%.

scholarly journals Fruit Cracking of a Susceptible, an Intermediate, and a Resistant Sweet Cherry Cultivar

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.D. Lane ◽  
M. Meheriuk ◽  
D.-L. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Fruit were studied to determine if anatomical and physiological features explain the difference in susceptibility to rain-induced cracking of the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars Sue (resistant), Lapins (moderately resistant), and Van (susceptible). Water uptake as a percentage of fruit weight at cracking tended to be high in `Sue', medium in `Lapins', and low in `Van' and was related to the percentage of cherries remaining sound after 4 hours of immersion, suggesting that this trait is a factor in determining resistance. Mesocarp cells of `Sue' were more rectangular in section than those of the other cultivars. Skin elasticity and thickness of the cuticle did not explain resistance of `Sue' to cracking. Magnesium, copper, and phosphorus mineral contents were not related to cracking susceptibility, but the content of calcium, which influences cell wall integrity, in the epidermis of `Sue' was lower than in `Van'. Calcium content was not different in the hypodermal cells of the two cultivars. None of the anatomical features examined in this study explain the resistance to fruit cracking of `Sue'.

scholarly journals Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.) PaPIP1;4 Is a Functional Aquaporin Upregulated by Pre-Harvest Calcium Treatments that Prevent Cracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 3017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Breia ◽  
Andreia F. Mósca ◽  
Artur Conde ◽  
Sofia Correia ◽  
Carlos Conde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Prunus Avium L

The involvement of aquaporins in rain-induced sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruit cracking is an important research topic with potential agricultural applications. In the present study, we performed the functional characterization of PaPIP1;4, the most expressed aquaporin in sweet cherry fruit. Field experiments focused on the pre-harvest exogenous application to sweet cherry trees, cultivar Skeena, with a solution of 0.5% CaCl2, which is the most common treatment to prevent cracking. Results show that PaPIP1;4 was mostly expressed in the fruit peduncle, but its steady-state transcript levels were higher in fruits from CaCl2-treated plants than in controls. The transient expression of PaPIP1;4-GFP in tobacco epidermal cells and the overexpression of PaPIP1;4 in YSH1172 yeast mutation showed that PaPIP1;4 is a plasma membrane protein able to transport water and hydrogen peroxide. In this study, we characterized for the first time a plasma membrane sweet cherry aquaporin able to transport water and H2O2 that is upregulated by the pre-harvest exogenous application of CaCl2 supplements.

scholarly journals High Tunnel Tree Fruit Production: The Final Frontier?

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Popillia Japonica ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Fruit Cracking

High tunnel production systems typically use horticultural crops that are annually or biennially herbaceous, high in value, short in stature, and quick to produce. At best, tree fruits may fit only one of these criteria–high value. Sweet cherry (Prunus avium) may command high enough values in premium market niches to make high tunnel production strategies worth attempting. Furthermore, sweet cherry production can be a risky endeavor, even in optimal climates, due to the potentially devastating effects of preharvest rain that cause fruit cracking. Consequently, environmental modification by tunnels in regions like the Great Lakes provides a significant risk reduction. Additional potential benefits, such as protection from frosts, diseases, insects, wind scarring, etc., add further production value. Multi-bay high tunnels were constructed in 2005 at two Michigan State University experiment stations, over established and newly planted sweet cherry trees on dwarfing rootstocks, to study and optimize the effects of production environment modification on vegetative and reproductive growth, marketing season extension, and protection of cherries from diseases, insect pests, and/or physiological disorders. Results with tunnels thus far include premium fruit quality and high crop value; increased leaf size and terminal shoot growth; decreased radial trunk growth; decreased chemical pesticide inputs; decreased incidence of cherry leaf spot (Blumeriella jaapii) and bacterial canker (Pseudomonas syringae); increased incidence of powdery mildew (Podosphaera clandestina); inconclusive effects on brown rot (Monolinia fructicola); no or reduced infestation by plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) or cherry fruit fly (Rhagoletis cingulata); dramatically reduced japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) damage; and increased black cherry aphid (Myzus cerasi) and two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) populations.

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