PROMISING METHODS FOR BIOLOGICAL REMOVAL OF PHOSPHATES FROM WASTEWATER

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu TEPLYH ◽  
Dmitrii S. BOCHKOV ◽  
Anastasya O. BAZAROVA
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Biological Methods

The article compares the removal of phosphates from wastewater by promising biological methods, namely biotechnologies based on the use of phosphate-accumulating organisms. The microbial community under study gives great hopes for further fundamental studies of the metabolism of phosphate-accumulating organisms, and for improving biotechnologies for purifying wastewater from phosphorus.

Novel biological removal of hazardous chemicals at trace levels

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 49-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.L. McCarty
Keyword(s):  
Plug Flow ◽  
Chlorinated Solvents ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Trace Chemicals ◽  
Engineered Systems ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Flow Treatment

Of recent concern is the removal of toxic compounds in wastewaters, soils, and groundwater to concentrations in the low microgram per litre level or less. Threshold limits to bioremediation exist and must be considered in biological treatment schemes to achieve such limits. These limits may be related to reaction kinetics or thermodynamics. Techniques for removing compounds below threshold levels exist that rely on appropriate approaches such as plug flow treatment. Novel biological methods exist for removal of refractory contaminants to low levels. Examples are provided for removal of trace levels of chlorinated solvents, such as tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE), that employ dehalorespiration under anaerobic conditions or cometabolism under aerobic conditions. These approaches are currently being used in engineered systems or through natural attenuation for remediation of soils and groundwater. Successful results offer insights for similar removals of trace chemicals in both aerobic and anaerobic biological systems for treatment of wastewaters and sanitary landfills.

scholarly journals Advances in the biological removal of sulphides from aqueous phase in anaerobic processes: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorna Guerrero ◽  
Silvio Montalvo ◽  
César Huiliñir ◽  
Jose Luis Campos ◽  
Andrea Barahona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Anaerobic Processes ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In this paper, we review the latest developments in biological methods used in the removal of hydrogen sulphide, present in the liquid phase in anaerobic reactors. The toxicity of H2S to methane-forming microorganisms and the problems caused by the presence of this compound in the biogas generated during this process, as well as the main causes of hydrogen sulphide generation in anaerobic processes of wastes are also reviewed. We especially discuss the fundamentals in applying micro-aerobic conditions to remove dissolved hydrogen sulphide from the aqueous phase of an anaerobic reactor. The alternative technology of simultaneous removal of sulphide, nitrate, and organic matter is under recent investigation. Therefore, this review paper includes a study and analysis of the microbiological basis of this technology, the physical and chemical factors that influence the process and the potential application of this technology on different types of wastewaters and situations. Also considered are the fundamentals of both biofilm reactors and microbial fuel cells desulphurization. Because relatively few studies on modeling desulphurisation processes are available, we discuss the advances made in that area.

Experimental Study on Oil-Degradation Microbial Consortium from Oil-Contaminated Soil by Different Enrichment and Domestication

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1304-1308
Author(s):  
Zhi Rong Wang ◽  
Yan Ni Li ◽  
Xiao Yan Zhu ◽  
Wei Li Wang ◽  
Jing Lan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Bacterial Concentration ◽  
Soil Culture ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Biological Methods

In order to increase the effectiveness of remediation on oil-contaminated soil, culture techniques and molecular biological methods were adopted to analyze community structure enriched and domesticated by different ways. The results showed that the bacterial concentration cultured in a medium of inorganic salts and oil was 1.30×1012cfu/ml, while the bacterial concentration cultured in a medium of LB and oil was 3.05×108cfu/ml; Within the perspective of structure, the microbial community cultured in a medium of inorganic salts and oil contained 11 kinds of bacterial, Meanwhile, the microbial community cultured in a medium of LB and oil was composed of 4 kinds of bacteria. Based on the results of this study, it can be inferred that the cultured medium has a significant influence on the composition of microbial communities. When domesticated oil-contaminated soil was cultured in a medium of inorganic salts and oil, the microbial concentrations and diversities were relatively higher than those cultured in LB and oil.

scholarly journals Removal of biological organics in high-salinity wastewater produced from methylcellulose production and subsequent changes in the microbial community

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 200187-0
Author(s):  
GueSoo Jo ◽  
SeongWan Hong ◽  
HyunGu Kim ◽  
Zhuliping ◽  
DaeHee Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Community Change ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Biological Removal

The wastewater generated in methylcellulose (MC) production is characterized by high salinity and pH due to the residual sodium and chlorine separated from the methyl group. It is difficult to treat wastewater using the conventional activated sludge method because the high concentration of salt interferes with the microbial activity. This study confirms the biological removal of organic matter from MC wastewater using sludge dominated by Halomonas spp., a halophilic microorganism. The influent was mixed with MC wastewater and epichlorohydrin (ECH) wastewater in a 1:9 ratio and operated using a sequencing batch reactor with a hydraulic retention time of 27.8 d based on the MC wastewater. The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased from 80.4% to 93.5%, and removal efficiency had improved by adding nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to the wastewater. In terms of microbial community change, Halomonas spp. decreased from 43.26% to 0.11%, whereas Marinobacter spp. and Methylophaga spp. increased from 0.50% to 15.12% and 7.51%, respectively.

VOC analysis in soils – Extending SPME to SPME-trap and SPME-trap with enrichment.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brown ◽  
Jan Peter Mayser ◽  
Caroline Widdowson ◽  
Dave Chadwick ◽  
Davey Jones
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Biological Methods

<p>The ability of an agricultural soil to function and sustainably provide an increasing food supply for a rapidly increasing global population has become of vital worldwide importance. Traditionally, soil health has been determined on a physico-chemical basis with biological characteristics often being ignored. Although several biological methods have been proposed, to date, none of these methods adequately indicate soil health. One method proposed to correct these circumstances is profiling or fingerprinting the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soil. VOCs in soils originate from a large variety of biological sources; microbial, fungal, animal- and plant-derived. These volatilomes are vital to plant/fungi-microbe and animal/human-microbe interactions and therefore offer a potential reactive, functional diagnostic tool to determine soil health by investigating the intra and interspecies interactions.</p><p>The standard methodology for VOC profiling has been solid phase microextraction (SPME). This automated VOC extraction method allows the monitoring of the community structure, physiological state, and activity of any microbial community in a soil without the need of manual extraction or cultivation procedures. Other common techniques that could be used to monitor the VOC fingerprints from soils include high capacity sorptive extraction (HCSE) or thermal desorption using sorbent-packed tubes for passive, in-situ sampling of soil gas.</p><p>Combining each of these techniques with an innovative cryogen-free focussing and pre-concentration trap has two main advantages:</p><ol><li>All extraction techniques can run on a single platform without the need to change the hardware.</li> <li>Single (SPME-trap) and multiple extractions (SPME-trap with enrichment) can be carried out automatically on a single sample to increase the analytical sensitivity, thus achieving a comprehensive VOC profile.</li> </ol><p>In this microcosm study, soils were treated in three different ways and their VOC profiles investigated. A ‘good’ soil comprised of brown earth and compost, a ‘medium’ soil of unaltered brown earth and a ‘bad’ soil of brown earth held under eutrophic anaerobic conditions. 2 g of each soil was analysed with SPME-trap, SPME-trap with enrichment, HCSE and sorbent tubes. Both a targeted (phenol, p-cresol, isophorone, indole and trans-β-ionone) and untargeted approach indicates that there are significant differences between the different soil types. By increasing the sensitivity of the untargeted approach with SPME-trap enrichment, this study was able to extend the number of VOCs identified, allowing a much more comprehensive VOC profile and possibility to determine the actual functions of specific VOC produced by the soil microbial community.</p>

On the Utilization of Biological Methods in Groundwater Treatment

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Mälkki
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Biological Water ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Biological Water Treatment ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Biological water treatment has been used for more than a century. The processes involved, however, have not been optimally utilized, since knowledge about their character and significance has been insufficient. As conventional water purification techniques developed, the use of biological processes remained in the background until a few decades ago. However, at the moment several biological treatment methods are in use to remove iron and manganese from groundwater, and the future looks promising. The same methods can be used to improve numerous other water quality parameters, e.g. to oxidize reduced nitrogen compounds into nitrates. Biological removal of nitrate, too, will be a future water treatment method.

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