scholarly journals To the study of herpetofauna of "Yelanetskyi steppe" nature reserve and adjoined territоries

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
O. Nekrasova ◽  
O. Marushchak ◽  
O. Oskyrko
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Pond Turtle ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Sand Lizard ◽  
The Common

As a result of monitoring research conducted in 2015-2017 on the territory of the nature reserve “Yelanetskyi steppe" and adjacent areas, 5 amphibian species (fire-bellied toad, green toad, common spadefoot, marsh frog, H. arborea) and 7 species of reptiles (sand lizard, green lizard, blotched snake, large whipsnake, grass snake, dice snake, pond turtle). The presence of some of the species specified in the project of the reserve creation, namely pond turtle, green lizard, large whipsnake, steppe viper, common toad and common newt has not been confirmed on the reserve's territory. The presence of 8 species was registered directly on the territory of the reserve, and another 4 species were registered in the vicinity of the rivers Gromokliya and Gniloy Yelanets. The most numerous among the identified amphibians are the semi-terrestrial species, such as the common spadefoot and the marsh frog. Sand lizard is the most widespread reptile species within the reserve territory and its population is characterized by an exceptional variety of coloration morphology. It should be noted that for more than a 30-year period a unique numerous population of the blotched snake has been preserved here. According to original data, more than two dozen snake specimens were registered in the vicinity of the Rosa beam. Due to climatic changes, it is proposed to expand the reserve's territory in ecotone river areas where there are finds of blotched snakes and large whipsnakes (RBU, 2009), green lizards (RBU, 2009) and pond turtles (IUCN (LR/NT)) to conserve biodiversity and protect rare species. In particular, the expansion of the boundaries of the reserve is necessary in the context of climate change, as it leads to a shift in the natural habitats of certain amphibian and reptile species, and is also an important step towards the expansion of the Emerald Network of Ukraine

scholarly journals Features of herpetofauna dynamics in the Nature Reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky» under conditions of climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Gasso ◽  
S. V. Yermolenko ◽  
V. M. Kochet ◽  
A. M. Hagut ◽  
O. Ye. Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Pond Turtle ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
The Impact

The Nature Reserve «Dniprovsky-Orilsky» occupies unique ecosystems of the floodplain of the middle part of the Dnieper River, where the medium-flooded forests (black poplar and willow forests, elm-Tatarian maple oakeries, and pine forests at the sandy second terrace) predominate. Marshy, wet and dry meadows, sandy steppes, salt marshes, floodplain lakes and isles support the diversity of habitats. Reptiles, like ectothermic organisms, are known to be sensitive to temperature and humidity, which are directly influenced by climate change. Due to the variety of species and their habitats’ conditions, it is important to study the possible effects of climate change on each species and each place of their residence separately. Studies in more or less natural conditions of the Reserve allow minimizing the impact of the anthropogenic factors on the number and diversity of species. To produce accurate inventories we use the method of linear transects created at survey sites modified by Dinesman and Kaletskaya (1952) with a width of transects up to 3 meters. The length of the survey route depended on the availability for an accountant, but was not less than 1.0 km in all cases. The surveys were conducted during the period of maximum daily activity of reptiles in the spring-summer period on specified routes. The density of reptiles was described as the number of individuals per hectare of an averaged ecosystem. In aquatic and wetland ecosystems, the population density of European pond turtle and dice snake were determined as a number of specimens per 1 km of the waterbody’s bankline. During almost 30 years of observation, eight reptile species have been registered on the territory of the Dniprovsky-Orilsky Nature Reserve, among which three species (Coronella austriaca, Natrix tessellata and Dolichophis caspius) have been recorded in the last decade. In recent years (since 1972), the average increase in the temperature of the surface air layer in Ukraine was more than 1 °С. In winter, in the central regions of the country, the highest increase in the average monthly air temperature is observed. The excess reaches 2 °C and more. Climatic changes can be the reason for the invasion and the number growth of the dice snake and the appearance of the Caspian whipsnake within the Reserve. In the context of general climate change, there is a tendency to reduce the population density of the pond turtle, sand lizard and grass snake. At the same time, there is a gradual increase in the number of steppe vipers. Preserving current temperature trends in the coming years can create favourable conditions for another reptile species – the blotched snake (Elaphe sauromates) – to penetrate into the Reserve, but also negatively affect the hygrophilic species. Increasing the risk of summer fires in the Nature Reserve «Dniprovsky-Orilsky» is one of the most threatening factors for the conservation of the terrestrial biota, including reptiles.

scholarly journals Effects of Acute Ammonium Nitrate Levels Caused by Agricultural Activities on Four Amphibian Species in The Eastern Black Sea Region

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2618-2626
Author(s):  
Handan Karaoglu
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Rana Macrocnemis

The tadpoles of four amphibian species, namely the Marsh Frog (Pelophylax ridibundus), the Iranian Long-Legged Frog (Rana macrocnemis), the Caucasian Parsley Frog (Pelodytes caucasicus) and the Variable Green Toad (Bufotes variabilis), were exposed to acute concentrations (0 to 500 mg/L) of ammonium nitrate to assess the lethal effects (larval growth, abnormalities, mortality, and LC50 values). Eggs of each species were obtained from clean and polluted habitats in the same region and the tadpoles for experiments were provided from those eggs in the laboratory conditions. Although there was some variability between different populations of the same species or between different species in the observed effects, acute levels of ammonium nitrate caused decreased growth rate and increased abnormalities and mortality in general. Among the 4 amphibian species, the Variable Green Toad was the most damaged one in terms of growth reduction (on average 77-83%), and abnormality rates, and the most damaged one in terms of mortality rates was the Marsh Frog (on average 61-72%). Additionally, the species with the lowest concentration of ammonium nitrate, which killed half of its population, was the Marsh Frog. LC50 values for two populations of Marsh Frog were 37 and 59 mg/L. As a result of our research, it was determined that the acute fertilizer levels caused by agricultural activities in the region had very important harmful effects for all the species we examined. In this context, it can be said that very important environmental and biodiversity problems may occur if certain precautions are not taken regarding the use of the fertilizers and if the awareness of the farmers using these fertilizers cannot be raised.

Blood Glucose in the Common Indian Sand Lizard Uromastix hardwicki

Copeia ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (4) ◽  
pp. 767 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Khanna ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sand Lizard ◽  
The Common

To Sue or Not to Sue: How Afghan Merchants Strategically Choose to Use or Avoid Courts

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-244
Author(s):  
Haroun RAHIMI
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Formal Property ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Complex Picture ◽  
The Common ◽  
Do So

AbstractThis article explores how and why Afghan merchants choose to use courts or informal dispute resolution methods. It goes beyond the common corruption and inefficiency arguments, which maintain that Afghans do not use courts because they are corrupt and inefficient. It leverages rich, original data on variation of dispute resolution practices across provinces and types of disputes to gain insights into Afghan merchants’ dispute resolution decisions. In so doing, I reveal a more complex picture of commercial dispute resolution in Afghanistan. In this article, I demonstrate that Afghan merchants do choose courts when courts enforce the parties’ expectations and courts’ judgments are necessary and effective. Moreover, while Afghan merchants do prefer informal dispute resolution methods, they do so because informal methods hold important advantages over courts in the context of Afghanistan where the formal property rights system is a failure, and the business climate is highly volatile.

Genetic diversity of the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) in the South-West region of Hungary – first results

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsigmond Jeney ◽  
Marcell Molnár ◽  
István Magyary ◽  
István Lehoczky ◽  
Attila Zsolnai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Lake Balaton ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Emys Orbicularis ◽  
Pond Turtle ◽  
South West ◽  
Ecological Corridor ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
First Results ◽  
Drava River

AbstractA set of five polymorphic microsatellite markers developed in Emydoidea blandingii was characterized for crossspecies amplification in the European pond turtle, Emys orbicularis. The markers were tested for polymorphism in a total of 155 turtles sampled in four natural habitats in the Danube-Drava National Park, South-West Hungary in order to determine the genetic diversity of European pond turtle populations and to check the functionality of existing ecological corridors in the region. The number of alleles varied from 5 to 24. Observed heterozygosity was moderate (0.43-0.55), while the level for expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.76 to 0.80. Significant heterozygote deficit was found in the populations accompanied by a low degree of genetic differentiation (FST ranges from 0.0166 to 0.0652). Wahlund effect was demonstrated in two populations. The ecological corridor between two water catchment areas (Lake Balaton and Drava River) fulfils its role only partially.

Altitudinal variation in reproductive strategy of the toad-headed lizard, Phrynocephalus vlangalii in North Tibet Plateau (Qinghai)

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Ting Jin ◽  
Nai-Fa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Sand Lizard ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
The Common ◽  
Anatomical Constraints

Abstract Phrynocephalus vlangalii, a toad-headed viviparous sand lizard, is endemic in the Northern Tibet (Qinghai) Plateau in China. Lizards were collected from 14 localities along the large altitudinal gradient (2289-4565 m a.s.l) to analyze the variation of reproductive traits among localities. Both litter size and mean offspring (scaled embryo) mass were positively correlated with female snout-vent length (SVL). Females produced fewer and larger offspring with increasing elevation when the effect of body size (SVL) was removed. This strategy may possibly be correlated with early survival and growth of offspring. The decreased litter size cline along altitudinal gradient might be correlated with more anatomical constraints at higher altitudes. The lizard has lower coefficient of variation (CV) of litter size at higher environments. Moreover, females from higher elevations had less reproductive investment (relative litter mass, RLM). Study concluded that P. vlangalii fit into the common pattern of higher elevation animals that have smaller clutches of larger offspring and lower reproductive effort.

scholarly journals First record of oviposition event by Laemanctus longipes (Sauria: Corytophanidae) in Mexico

Caldasia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 390-393
Author(s):  
Arturo González-Zamora ◽  
Sónia Sánchez-López ◽  
Christian A. Delfín-Alfonso ◽  
Edgar Ahmed Bello-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
In The Wild

Oviposition in elusive reptiles has been poorly documented due to the difficulty in observing it in natural habitats. Here, we document the first egg-laying record in the Eastern Casque-headed Basilisk Laemanctus longipes in the wild. Our record adds novel information about the oviposition of this scarcely studied reptile species. 

Becoming Socrates: Five elements of the consecration process and the case of Jan Patočka

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-388
Author(s):  
Dominik Želinský
Keyword(s):  
Original Data ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
The Common

This article explores the phenomenon of consecration, which, so far, has been neglected by sociologists of intellectuals. Contrary to the common Bourdieusian approach to consecration, which conflates it with legitimization, consecration is conceptualized as a process of the symbolic elevation of a figure, or an object, to the level of sacred symbols relevant to a particular community. Five analytically distinctive elements are identified that constitute the consecration process and a proposed framework is applied to disentangle the consecration of the Czech philosopher, and martyr of anti-communist dissent, Jan Patočka. In this analysis, original data are used to uncover repressed facts about the life of this intellectual icon.

scholarly journals Acute toxicity of maneb in the tadpoles of common and green toad / Akutna toksičnost maneba u punoglavaca smeđe i zelene krastače

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mert Gürkan ◽  
Sibel Hayretdağ
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
Aquatic Vertebrates ◽  
The Common

Abstract Pesticides used in agriculture can have hazardous effects on aquatic organisms, and amphibians are even more threatened than other aquatic vertebrates. Maneb is widely used to control fungal diseases on crops, fruits, and vegetables. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxic effects of maneb on the common (Bufo bufo) and green toad (Pseudepidalea viridis) tadpoles. Tadpoles at the development stage 21 were exposed to maneb (0-5 mg L-1) for 120 h. Maneb LC50 values at hour 120 were 1.966 mg L-1 for B. bufo and 0.332 mg L-1 for P. viridis. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first published LC50 findings for the two species. Visceral oedema and tail deformations were observed in both species. We also observed liver necrosis, pronephric tubule deformations, somite deteriorations, and visceral oedema at maneb concentrations ≥0.1 mg L-1 for B. bufo and ≥0.05 mg L-1 for P. viridis. Our results show that B. bufo tadpoles have a much higher resilience to maneb than P. viridis tadpoles. This resilience seems to be related to the larger size of the B. bufo tadpoles and their ability to metamorphose faster in adverse conditions. Future research should look into the mechanisms of toxic action of maneb in anurans.

scholarly journals Faunistic review of amphibians in protected areas of Ukrainian Roztochia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
B. O. Andriishyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Zoological Museum ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Rana Arvalis ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Marsh Frog

Background. Study of amphibian fauna as a necessary component of ecosystems is always relevant and requires a regular renewal of information, especially in protected areas. We conducted a field investigation of amphibians, a literature review and an inventory of the collections of herpetological funds in relation to three protected areas: the Roztochia Biosphere Reserve, the Yavorivskyi National Park, and the Cholgini Ornithological Reserve. Materials and Methods. The field study was performed by classical methods: route method with manual catching and with herpetological nets, vocalization method, sampling of amphibians crushed on the road, and catching individuals with frog fences. We also analyzed the literature and amphibian collections in the Zoological Museum of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. Results. According to the available literature, the amphibian fauna of these three areas under protection is similar and typical of this region. The results of our field research slightly differ from the literature data, thus, there is a need for further studies. On the study areas, we found 12 species of amphibians, which is more than half of the number of amphibian species in Ukraine, in particular: Smooth Newt Lissotriton vulgaris, Great Cres­ted Newt Triturus cristatus, Fire-bellied Toad Bombina bombina, Eastern Tree Frog Hyla orientalis, Common Spadefoot Toad Pelobates fuscus, Common Toad Bufo bufo, Green Toad Bufotes viridis, Common Frog Rana temporaria, Moor Frog Rana arvalis, Marsh Frog Pelophylax ridibundus, Edible Frog Pelophylax esculentus and Pool Frog Pelophylax lessonae. We detected 2 species of Caudata and 10 species of Anura. 10 species of amphibians were found in the Roztochia Biosphere Reserve, 5 species – in the Yavorivskyi National Park, and 9 species – in the Cholgini Ornithological Reserve. Conclusions. According to the field results, 4 species inhabit all three protected areas – Common Toad, Eastern Tree Frog, Marsh Frog and Edible Frog. A relatively small variety of amphibians found in the Yavorivskyi National Park can be due to the homogeneity of habitats and a proximity of one of the largest military proving grounds in Europe, which limits amphibians in choice of the reproductive and trophic habitats. These habitats deserve special attention because of their fast degradation for the last 10 years. Keywords: amphibians, fauna, protected areas, Ukrainian Roztochia, the Roztochia Biosphere Reserve, the Yavorivskyi National Park, the Cholgini Ornithological Reserve

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