scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE LAW IN GEORGIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Ketevan Tskhadadze
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Administrative Body ◽  
Administrative Code ◽  
Administrative Justice

Purpose. In 1999 the adoption of the General Administrative Code and Administrative Procedure Code in Georgia gave basis for creation of the new administrative law, since before the entry into force of the above-mentioned codes, Georgia had no tradition of the administrative law and, hence, no practice of the administrative justice. In Georgia being part of the Soviet Union, and in the Soviet Union overall, the administrative law did not exist with the understanding that is regulated by the modern administrative law. The communist doctrine of the administrative law radically differs from the modern administrative law because in those times the administrative legislation was mainly defining the citizens’ obligations before the administration, rather than ensuring citizens’ rights and protection of their interests. Methods. Therefore, the article discusses development stages of the administrative law, the path gone through by the administrative law starting from the formulation until present time, also the Soviet heritage and its influence on the development of the administrative law is discussed, along with the influence of the European reception and establishment within the Georgian legislation, the core factors are analyzed, which caused the necessity of the creation of new administrative law. Results. The significant part in the article is devoted to the discussion of the subject of administrative law and system of administrative law on the example of the Georgian administrative law. The core elements of the implementation of public administration are discussed, the notion of the administrative body, forms of activity of the administrative body and basic principles that are characteristic to the Georgian administrative law. Conclusions. In this regard, the important place is given to particularities of the administrative proceeding and judicial process in Georgia, namely, so called “prejudicial” rule of appealing within the administrative body, suspensive effect of the administrative appeal, principles of disposition and inquisition in the administrative process, as well as the institute of the amicus curiae is discussed, as a particularity of the Georgian administrative justice.

scholarly journals Problemy kodyfikacji prawa administracyjnego w ujęciu nauki radzieckiej w latach 1956–1967

Prawo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 285-299
Author(s):  
Witold Małecki
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Soviet Science ◽  
Law System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Administrative Code ◽  
Administrative Responsibility

Problems of codification of administrative law in Soviet science in the years 1956–1967Conceptual work on the codification of administrative law was carried out in Soviet science in the years 1956–1967. The borders of this period are marked by: 1956, when during the Twentieth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the necessity of intensifying research on the structure of the Soviet law system was emphasized, and 1967, when the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR decided on the direction of codification works by ordering a draft of the principles of the USSR and Soviet Republics legislation in the field of administrative responsibility. In the discussion on the codification of administrative law, Soviet science focused on problems such as: the desirability of codification at the all-Union or republican level, the limits of administrative law subject to codification and the legitimacy of preparing a general administrative code or separate legal acts regarding specifi c institutions and areas of administrative law.

Comintern Aesthetics in the Andes: The Indigenous Revolutionary

2021 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-473
Author(s):  
Anna Björk Einarsdóttir
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
World System ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Cesar Vallejo ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Andes ◽  
The Soviet Union

The fight against imperialism and racism was central to the Comintern's political and cultural program of the interwar period. Although the more immediate interests of the Soviet state would come to overshadow such causes, the cultural and political connections forged during this time influenced later forms of organizing. Throughout the interwar period (1918-39), the Soviet Union served as the core location of a newly formed world-system of socialist and communist radicalism. The origin of Latin American Marxism in the work of the Peruvian theorist and political organizer José Carlos Mariátegui, as well as the politically committed literature associated with the interwar communist left in the Andean region of Latin America, shows how literature and theory devoted to the indigenous revolutionary contributed to interwar Marxist debates. The interwar influence of Mariátegui and César Vallejo makes clear the importance of resisting attempts to drive a wedge between the two authors and the broader communist movement at the time.

Die Deutschen Christen im Nationalsozialismus und die Lebendige Kirche im Bolschewismus – zwei kirchliche Repräsentationen neuer politischer Ordnungen

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schulze Wessel
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
National Socialism ◽  
Political Theology ◽  
Class Struggle ◽  
Religious Movement ◽  
New Order ◽  
Soviet Regime ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Elements

The Nazi-oriented «German Christians» and the «Living Church» in Bolshevism – Two Religious Manifestations of New Political Orders Using the examples of the «Living Church» in the early Soviet Union and the «German Christians Religious Movement» in Nazi Germany, the article compares two church bodies which emphatically supported the new political orders against tendencies in the more traditional sections of their Churches. Both designed a political theology conforming to the core elements of the new political ideology (heroisation of the faith, glorification of nation and race in National Socialism, class struggle ideology and the cult of science in Bolshevism). Both groups were sustained by some members of the clergy who had already supported the new political order or the revolutionary goal before the new order had even come to power. In contrast to the «German Christians», however, support among the laity for the Russian movement remained poor. Nor did the «Living Church» succeed in achieving symbolic recognition by the Soviet regime, whereas National Socialism demonstrated acceptance for the religious programmes of the «German Christians».

The Pulse in the Machine: Automating Tibetan Diagnostic Palpation in Postsocialist Russia

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Chudakova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
The Core ◽  
System A ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
National Public Health ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

AbstractThis article analyzes efforts by Soviet and present-day scientists in Russia to “rationalize” and ultimately automate the diagnostic techniques of Tibetan medicine. It tracks the institutional and conceptual histories of designing a pulse diagnostic system, a project that began in the Soviet Union in the early 1980s. It has recently been re-enlivened in Buryatia, an ethnic minority region in Southeastern Siberia, in efforts to mobilize indigenous medical practices in response to local and national public health concerns. I focus on the translational ideologies that informed efforts to develop the pulsometer as a medical imaging technology, and analyze obstacles to these efforts found at the core of the device. Scientists working on the pulsometer have systematically tried to discern whether their measurements indicate sustained bodily pathologies, or instead reflect only technological white noise, and they still recruit and rely on the embodied expertise of practitioners of Tibetan medicine to validate their findings. In so doing they reaffirm claims that Tibetan medicine in Buryatia is inextricable from the forms of knowledge and practice that their projects work to standardize. I show how the apparent failures at perfect mechanization have made the pulsometer a surprisingly productive site for creating new kinds of expert communities and forms of knowledge making.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDS OF UKRAINE’S ADMINISTRATIVE JUSTICE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (XVIII) ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
Tatiana Bilkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Current System ◽  
Democratic Institution ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Administrative Justice

Historical backgrounds of Ukraine’s administrative justice creation in the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union are analyzed in the article. The stages of formation and development of administrative justice in Ukraine and the reasons for its abolishment in the USSR are de ned. The article deals with the issue of administrative justice creation in Ukraine. It is an essential feature of any democratic state which ensures rights and freedoms of all individuals are ensured. Institute of administrative justice in Ukraine has come a long way of its formation. In the second half of the nineteenth century a sign cant interest in the problems of administrative justice appeared in Ukraine. However, the lack of state independence, complete denial of administrative justice by Soviet authorities and for other reasons it was impossible to create this democratic institution in Soviet Union. Only after Ukraine proclaimed its independence it made possible to modernize the current system of human rights protection from public administration.

The Evolution of Centripetal Fraternalism: The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

1985 ◽  
Vol 481 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-103
Author(s):  
MARCIN SAR
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Economic Independence ◽  
The West ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Soviet Union

The author comments on the dynamics of Moscow's effort to reconcile its pursuit of control over Eastern Europe with its interest in a viable Eastern Europe, one that is stable and capable of self-sustaining development. Although Moscow has always exercised control in military matters, it allowed some Eastern Europeans economic independence in the 1970s. Changing circumstances in the 1980s, however, have caused the Kremlin to rethink its relationships with its Eastern European “satallies”— half satellites, half allies. Moscow faces dilemmas in areas such as energy, agriculture, the Eastern European states' relations with the West, economic reforms occurring in Eastern Europe, and integration within COMECON. How Moscow resolves these dilemmas lies at the core of its future relationships with Eastern Europe. Other important factors include the lessons learned from Poland, East Germany's evolving relationship with the Federal Republic of Germany, and China's growing economic and political initiatives vis-à-vis Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Mediation in French administrative courts: what lessons for administrative justice?

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-479
Author(s):  
Sophie Boyron
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Administrative Courts ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reform Needs ◽  
Administrative Justice ◽  
Administrative Mediation

In 2016, the French Parliament introduced a new chapter on mediation in the Code of Administrative Justice. To succeed, this reform needs to reverse repeated failures in this field. In view of the significant challenge of embedding administrative mediation in the French administrative justice system, the reform and its implementation were informed by empirical findings arising from a mediation pilot set up by the administrative court of Grenoble in Spring 2013. An empirical study of the pilot and of the experience of rolling out administrative mediation in France forms the core of this article and the context in which to revisit foundational questions about mediation and administrative justice. I argue that mediation is not illsuited to administrative law disputes, but that to be integrated in a system of administrative justice, mediation requires the negotiation of a dedicated environment triggering in turn the emergence of a pluralist administrative justice system.

scholarly journals LOST OBJECTS OF MODERNISM IN ROSTOV-ON-DON. THE BUILDING OF THE MUSEUM OF INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP IN THE PARK NAMED AFTER CITY OF PLEVEN

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 102-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н. Сидоренко ◽  
N. Sidorenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Town

The architecture of Soviet modernism occupies an important place in the history of world architecture. Due to the relatively recent recognition of Soviet modernism as a separate architectural trend, in most regions of our country (including the South of Russia), the objects, which were implemented in the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1980s, have not been studied. This can lead to irreparable loss of structures with compositional and artistic value. The building of the former Museum of International Friendship, located in the park named after Pleven in Rostov-on-Don, is one of such objects. The building is designed using the basic planning, artistic and urban planning techniques of Soviet modernism. The article discusses the features of the Museum from different points of view. The retrospective analysis of transformations of the town-planning situation, which has influenced formation of the volume and compositional decision of the building, is carried out. The architectural and artistic features of the Museum are determined on the basis of field research and the study of preserved historical graphic materials. The article reveals the value of the object as a structure reflecting the main trends of Soviet architecture of the 1960s-1980s. The modern state of the building of the former Museum is investigated, the lost features of architectural and town-planning decisions are fixed. The necessity of restoration and preservation of its original appearance is confirmed

Terror in Soviet Architecture: The Murder of Mikhail Okhitovich

Slavic Review ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh D. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Soviet Union

Throughout the 1920s and into the years of Stalinism, progressive architects in the Soviet Union sought to construct new forms of housing and settlement that would offer the best of modern technology and whose design would include provisioning of services that would allow all citizens, especially women, to partake in creative work. Schools, dining facilities, laundries, parks, cinemas, clubs and housing in a choice of styles formed the core of these architectural dreams. In the tradition of the Populists, modernist architects initially saw themselves as teachers but some came to appreciate the necessity of listening and began to learn from worker assessments of housing and urban design. This communication formed the basis for bridging, at least in housing, the cultural gap between revolutionary elites and common people. Inherent in the modernist movement in architecture, as reflected most eloquently in the work of the Association of Contemporary Architects (OSA), was a greater democratization of political and social life.

Arm to Parley

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-56
Author(s):  
Simon Miles
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Nuclear Forces ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The Soviet Union

This chapter examines the last two years of Leonid Brezhnev's life, shedding light on often ignored back channels between the superpowers. It describes the defense buildup that focused primarily on enhancing US nuclear forces, which Ronald Reagan had insisted were dangerously vulnerable to a Soviet first strike. It also cites how arms buildup benefited US allies, even if it occasionally entailed embarrassing public admonishments by Washington to increase their defense expenditures. The chapter illustrates the ideological warfare that occupied a newly important place under Reagan, who attacked the Soviet Union and its allies with apparent relish in public. It recounts US policymakers that congratulated themselves for finally putting the Soviet Union on the defensive, both militarily and ideologically, after just a year with Reagan in office.

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