Anthropization of valuable natural territorial complexes of the subalpine and alpine highlands of Chornohora under the influence of recreational and tourist activities in the vicinity of Brebeneskul Lake (Ukrainian Carpathians)

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Mykola Karabiniuk ◽  
Ihor Hnatiak ◽  
Yana Markanych
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Field Research ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
The South ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Mountain Landscape ◽  
South Eastern

The results of the study of anthropization of valuable natural territorial complexes of the subalpine and alpine highlands of Chornohora under the influence of recreational and tourist activities in the vicinity of Brebeneskul Lake (Ukrainian Carpathians) are presented. Anthropization is caused by continuous cutting of bushes, clogging and trampling. The study is based on the results of expeditionary field research. A map of degradation centers of natural territorial complexes of the subalpine and alpine highlands of Chornohora in the vicinity of Brebeneskul Lake on a scale of 1 : 10 000 at the level of simple tracts and subtracts with the use of modern mapping methods is made. Peculiarities of formation, area and configuration, as well as landscape differentiation of centers of development of degradation processes of high-mountain landscape complexes in the vicinity of Brebeneskul Lake are analyzed. It is established that the most recreational load is experienced by the complex tract of my-boulder moraine-scree bottom of the Brebeneskul Cirque of the south-eastern exposition. The cutting of mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) and littering on the area of about 0,8 ha, trampling of the soil and vegetation cover on the area of 1,0 ha were recorded here. The deterioration of the ecological situation in the vicinity of Brebeneskul Lake is the result of unorganized recreational and tourist activities. Recommendations for reducing the negative impact of recreational activities and reducing the degradation of natural territorial complexes subalpine and alpine highlands of Chornohora in the vicinity of Brebeneskul Lake are outlined.

scholarly journals Analysis of high-mountain vegetation of the Kurai Ridge

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00102
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Popova ◽  
Evgeniy Sinkovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographic Position ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Mountain Vegetation ◽  
Plant Families

The paper presents a taxonomic, areographic and belt-andzonal analysis of the high-mountain flora of the Kurai Ridge. The flora of the region in question contains 312 species of plants, referred to 143 genera belonging to 48 families. Analysis of the taxonomic structure of the high-mountain flora of the Kurai Ridge has shown the following most abundant plant families: Asteraceae, Ranunculaceae, and Poaceae. For the variety of the genera, the following genera are predominant: Carex, Pedicularis, Salix, and Oxytropis. The areographic analysis has demonstrated that the said species are of the North Asian (21 %), South Siberian (19.4 %) and Holarctic (17.4 %) origins. Dominant in the belt-and-zonal range are the following species: high-mountain (23.2 %), light-coniferous forest (17.7 %) and Arctic Alpine (17.4 %) species. In general, the composition and structure of the high-mountain flora of the Kurai Ridge are determined by its geographic position at the boundary of Central and South-Eastern Altai and by decrease in the amount of precipitation in the south-eastern direction.

scholarly journals The analyzing of the suitability of water resources of the South-Eastern Crimea for drinking purposes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Ivaniutin N.M. ◽  
Podovalova S.V.
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Drinking Purposes ◽  
Water Wells ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
Additional Water ◽  
The Republic

The main purpose of the study was to assess the water coming to the consumer from the sources of centralized and non-centralized water supply in different parts of the Peninsula and used by the population of the Republic of Crimea for drinking purposes, in terms of their physiological value, with the identification of possible risks to public health. Outdated equipment and methods of treatment of water treatment plants do not provide the necessary level of quality of drinking water. Residents of many settlements are forced to use water from underground sources, especially in the steppe and Northern Crimea, with increased mineralization (up to 2 g/dm3 and more) and hardness. To achieve this goal, water samples were taken from different water sources (tap water, wells, wells) covering the South-Eastern part of the Peninsula, their chemical composition was determined, as well as a comparative analysis of the obtained salt composition of water to assess their physiological usefulness and compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards. The discrepancy of physiological fullness and sanitary and hygienic standards on mineral composition was established. The content of calcium, potassium and sodium in the test waters are acceptable. To ensure the full value of water it is necessary to conduct additional water treatment, as water of inadequate quality has a negative impact on human health.

scholarly journals Geoinformation analysis of variability state of the natural environment after eruption of the Chikurachki volcano by remote sensing data

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 292-303
Author(s):  
Alexey Verkhoturov ◽  
Vyacheslav Melkiy
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Eastern Sector ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Impact

Explosive volcanic eruptions pose certain danger for natural environment, transport communications and other objects of human economic activity due to the fact that during such eruptions, up to several cubic kilometers of volcanic ash and aerosols can enter to atmosphere in long time. The research of extent of the impact of volcanic eruptions on surrounding area and the determination of their consequences contributes to reasonable assessment of volcanic hazard and possible risks in time conduct of economic activities and ensuring for safe location of settlements, enterprises, sea way and air lines. Chikurachki volcano is one from most active on territory of the Kuril Island Arc. In articles of volcanologists is information about eruptions in 1853–1859, 1958, 1961, 1964, 1973, 1986, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2015, 2016. The vegetation index (NDVI) used as means of assessing state of the natural environment. The boundary dividing areas with disturbed and healthy vegetation cover taken along isoline with NDVI value of 0.4. Schematic maps of the dynamics of boundary isolines according for the vegetation index from 1972 to 2020 has been compiled. The dynamics of vegetation cover in the north-eastern, south-eastern and southern sectors relative to Chikurachki volcano is revealed. The north-eastern sector experienced strong negative impact of eruption of the Chikurachki volcano in 1853, at later (2007 and 2015) only ash falls were observed in this direction. The vegetation cover outside the isoline NDVI = 0.4 has almost completely recovered to 2020. The south-eastern sector damaged during eruption of 1986, and was also subject for periodic tephra precipitation and ash falls during 2002–2016. Vegetation was completely destroyed at distance of 9 km from the crater of the volcano, and also valley forests on Tukharka River were destroyed. In southern sector in upper part of the Vernadsky Ridge, harsh growing conditions do not allow vegetation to recover for decades. At the same time, on eastern and western slopes of the ridge, after eruptions with deposition of tephra by layer of small thickness, alder elfin restoration few years. The results of the recearch can be used in forecasting volcanic hazards and rapid assessment of impact on natural environment of territories adjacent to volcanoes of this type as a result of volcanic eruptions.

The Linear Pottery culture settlement in the upland zone between the Vistula and Bug rivers – current state and perspectives of research

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Szeliga
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research

There are 171 sites known from the interfluvial of the Vistula and Bug Rivers that attest to settling it between the Gniechowice and early Želiezovce phases of the Linear Pottery culture (LBK). The earliest finds concentrate only in the south-eastern part of this area, mainly in the Hrubieszów Basin. The intensification of settlement occurred in the music-note phase, along with the colonisation of the whole Lublin region and the emergence of the settlement oecumene proper. It mainly encompassed the loess zones and was a network of clusters located along small and medium rivers. Their development is corroborated, e.g., by traces of far-reaching, multidirectional contacts. The current state of research limits the scope of interpretations concerning the development of individual settlement clusters (especially the chronology and scope of the development of the LBK and the character and scale of colonisation and economic activity). Field research needs to be intensified to obtain new archaeological and environmental data on particular microregions.

Technical Note The South Eastern and Chatham Railways Managing Committee

2012 ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Jörg Schimmelpfennig
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Opportunity Costs ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
The South ◽  
Economic Surplus ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Additional Support

In 1898, two railways serving the south-east of England agreed to be managed by a joint committee. This paper finds clear statistical evidence of the negative impact this had on total economic costs, including opportunity costs of capital, as well as working expenditure. Thus, additional support was provided for the then British railway policy already strongly suspicious of railway mergers on competition grounds. At the same time the findings could reopen the discussion on the wisdom of today’s British rail privatisation philosophy. In particular, one could argue that, instead of separating infrastructure and train operations, the creation of vertically-integrated regional duopolies along the pre-1899 networks might lead to genuine competition, require less regulation, reduce costs, and thus increase economic surplus.

Hlengwe Memories of the Zimbabwean Liberation Struggle, 1975–1979

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taderera Hebert Chisi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Liberation Struggle ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
Oral Evidence

The Hlengwe of the south-eastern lowveld of Zimbabwe are a minority group with a war history that remains largely unwritten. In Zimbabwe a lot has been written about the liberation struggle, covering the heroic acts and suffering of the Shona and Ndebele ethnic groups at the hands of colonial soldiers, but very little has been mentioned about minority groups such as the Hlengwe. Using oral evidence collected through interviews during the time of field research for my PhD thesis between 2014 and 2016, I analyse, in this article, memories of the Hlengwe about their participation in the struggle and their suffering at the hands of both the colonial soldiers and the liberation fighters or guerrillas. These memories reveal that the much-celebrated liberation struggle also had its “dark” side, which has been glossed over by most nationalistic scholars and patriotic historiography.

Economic assessment of windbreaks on the south-eastern coast of Western Australia

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Jones ◽  
R. A. Sudmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Wind Damage ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
The South ◽  
Relative Level ◽  
South Eastern

Windbreaks in the south-eastern coastal region of Western Australia are generally established to protect agricultural land against damage from wind erosion. However, to date there has been no detailed economic analysis of establishing windbreaks on farms in the region. Accordingly, a decision model was developed to estimate benefits and costs of windbreaks as determined by production inputs and outputs, windbreak system design, frequency and severity of wind damage, and commercial tree products from the windbreak. The model used crop yield responses to shelter at sites across the medium–low rainfall agricultural areas of southern Western Australia. The model lends itself to further development as a risk analysis tool incorporating probabilities and empirical measurements of wind damage. A benefit:cost analysis, using a partial budget approach, compared situations with and without windbreaks. The model showed that windbreaks improved profitability when they reduced the severity of wind damage to crops. Without wind erosion events, windbreaks had a negative impact on farm profit. Investment in windbreaks is therefore a form of insurance. The relative level of benefits is determined by the frequency of wind damage, severity of damage, distance between windbreaks, pruning of lateral tree roots and the possibility of using trees that can produce commercial timber products.

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