Duration of the phase of preservation and destruction in cases of deposits of iced categories of SHP (spontaneous) in the territory of Ukraine in the month of the cold period of the year during 1991–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Svitlana Pyasetska
Keyword(s):  
Ice Cream ◽  
Cold Period ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Previous Period ◽  
Significant Duration ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
The Individual

The article deals with the question of the duration of the preservation and destruction phase which were calculated for ice-free periods of the category of SHP and were observed on the territory of Ukraine in the month of the cold period of the year during certain periods 1991–2000, 2001-2010 and 2011-2016. It was established that the duration of the preservation phase and the destruction of ice-oily deposits in the category of SHP is very volatile and ranges from near-instant destruction after reaching a maximum diameter of several hours or several dozen hours. However, there are cases where the duration of this phase can be 4 days in a row and more than several hundred hours. The study found that for the most part during the investigated period, the glacial deposits of the SHP category were dominated by non-prolonged conservation and degradation phases, regardless of the region where the sediment was formed, and regardless of the overall duration of the sediment itself, which could be significant. In 2001–2010 and 2011–2016, unlike in the period of 1991-2000, in January and December, the number of cases of ice-ousted categories of SHP increased. Moreover, in January, especially in 2011–2016, the number of cases with a significant duration of the phase of preservation and destruction of ice deposits of the category of SHP was increased. From the above we can draw a number of conclusions, namely: – During 1991–2000, the phases of preservation and destruction of ice-clay deposits in the category of HPAs were mostly non-prolonged and ranging from several hours to several dozen hours. The most prolonged phases of preservation and destruction of deposits of iced ice of category SHHA were in cases of sediments in Lower Zirgozakh in January 1996, in March 1998 in Kropivnitsky and most often in November 1999 in Gadyach, Dolynska, Komissarivka, Mariupol, Prisheby, and also in 2000 It is in Novodnistrovsk, Separate, Lyubashevtsi, Serbs, Voznesensk, December 1997 in Loshkarivka, Kryvy Rih, Nikopol, Lyubashevtsi, Prisheb and especially in Donetsk. – In 2001–2010, the amount of ice-cream deposits in the category of SHP increased slightly. In addition, the duration of the preservation and destruction phase compared to the previous period changed slightly, taking into account the individual months. So, in January, along with the relatively long phases of preservation and destruction of ice-clay deposits of the category of SHP (up to several dozen hours), in 2010 deposits with very long phases of conservation and destruction in Debaltsevo and especially in Mysovoye were observed. In December of this period, the long phases of preservation and destruction of deposits of iced ice of category SHP were observed in 2004 in Dar’yivka, and in 2008 in Vinnitsa and Ovruch. In the remaining months, the duration of the conservation and destruction phase was overwhelmingly within a few hours, at least to several dozen golds (11–25 hours) – Unlike in the years 1991-2000 and 2001-2010, in January the number of cases of ice deposits of the category of SHP increased in the five-year period of 2011–2016. They met practically in most regions. Significantly increased cases with them, where the duration of the preservation and destruction phase was significant and exceeded the duration of 4 consecutive days. Such cases were observed in January 2013 in Rava-Ruska, Kamianets Buzka and Poltava, in January 2014 – in Rava-Ruska, Ternopil, Amvrosiyivka, Rosdilna, Mykolayiv, Ochakov, and Simferopol. In December 2012, a similar accident happened in Evpatoria.

On the reproduction of the simultaneous hermaphrodite Paroriza prouhoi (Holothuroidea: Synallactidae) in the Porcupine Abyssal Plain, north-east Atlantic

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Kazanidis ◽  
Paul A. Tyler ◽  
David S. M. Billett
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Oocyte Diameter ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Energy Investment ◽  
North East ◽  
The Individual

Long-term studies in the abyssal north-east Atlantic (1989–2005) have revealed large-scale changes in the benthic ecosystem and especially in some megafaunal invertebrate taxa over the period 1996–2002, termed the ‘Amperima Event’. Holothurians dominated the megafaunal samples. Temporal patterns in the abundance of holothurians showed a wide spectrum of responses, possibly related to the feeding and reproductive characteristics of the various species. One of the holothurians, the synallactid Paroriza prouhoi, is a simultaneous hermaphrodite, providing a distinct comparison with dioecious reproductive patterns more typical of deep-sea holothurian species. The reproductive biology and abundance/biomass patterns of P. prouhoi were investigated over the period 1989–2005. Paroriza prouhoi produces oocytes with a maximum diameter of ~370 µm. It has asynchronous patterns of gametogenesis both at the individual and population levels. Mean oocyte diameter and the ratio between previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes showed no significant differences between the periods prior to and after the Amperima Event. There were no significant differences in abundance or biomass over the time series. We conclude that the energy investment into gamete production by this hermaphrodite did not change over the 16 years examined. It is hypothesized that the feeding characteristics of P. prouhoi lead to a slow, steady and consistent production of gametes despite large-scale changes in organic matter supply to the seabed evident at the time series locality.

scholarly journals III. On the origin of the parallel roads of Lochaber, and their bearing on other phenomena of the glacial period

1879 ◽  
Vol 29 (196-199) ◽  
pp. 6-21 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Period ◽  
Glacial Period ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Subsequent Determination ◽  
The One

Of the various hypotheses that have been brought forward since the time of Macculloch and Dick-Lauder to account for the origin of the Parallel Roads of Glen Roy, the one so ably propounded by Mr. Jamieson, in 1863, has been most generally received and adopted. It is a modification of the views originally expressed by Agassiz, to the effect that the barriers of the lakes,—to the shore action of which both the above-named geologists attributed the “roads,” but were at a loss to account both for the formation and removal of barriers,—had been formed during the glacial period by glaciers issuing from Glen Treig and Glen Arkaig, supplemented by others from Ben Nevis. The subsequent determination, by the Scotch geologists, of an intermediate milder period succeeded by a second cold period, led Mr. Jamieson, with whom the preglacial and glacial deposits of Scotland had been a subject of especial investigation, to conclude that the extension of these two glaciers took place during the second cold period, which he thinks was of little less intensity than the first, and that, while the glacier from Glen Arkaig blocked up Glen Gluoy, the glacier from Glen Treig formed a barrier to Glen Roy.

scholarly journals 3D Probabilistic Modelling and Uncertainty Analysis of Glacial and Post-Glacial Deposits of the City of Saguenay, Canada

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Mohammad Salsabili ◽  
Ali Saeidi ◽  
Alain Rouleau ◽  
Miroslav Nastev
Keyword(s):  
Complex Surface ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Glacial Sediments ◽  
Empirical Bayesian Kriging ◽  
Stratigraphic Architecture ◽  
Geostatistical Interpolation ◽  
Stochastic Framework ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Basal Till

Knowledge of the stratigraphic architecture and geotechnical properties of surficial soil sediments is essential for geotechnical risk assessment. In the Saguenay study area, the Quaternary deposits consist of a basal till layer and heterogeneous post-glacial deposits. Considering the stratigraphic setting and soil type heterogeneity, a multistep stochastic methodology is developed for 3D geological modelling and quantification of the associated uncertainties. This methodology is adopted for regional studies and involves geostatistical interpolation and simulation methods. Empirical Bayesian kriging (EBK) is applied to generate the bedrock topography map and determine the thickness of the till sediments and their uncertainties. The locally varying mean and variance of the EBK method enable accounting for data complexity and moderate nonstationarity. Sequential indicator simulation is then performed to determine the occurrence probability of the discontinuous post-glacial sediments (clay, sand and gravel) on top of the basal till layer. The individual thickness maps of the discontinuous soil layers and uncertainties are generated in a probabilistic manner. The proposed stochastic framework is suitable for heterogeneous soil deposits characterised with complex surface and subsurface datasets.

scholarly journals DESIGNING PLANAR MICROPHONE ARRAY FOR SOUND SOURCE LOCALIZATION

Akustika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ershov ◽  
Vadim Palchikovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Microphone Array ◽  
Sound Source Localization ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
The Individual

Mathematical background for designing planar microphone array for localization of sound sources are described shortly. The designing is based on optimization of objective function, which is maximum dynamic range of sound source localization. The design parameters are radial coordinates (distance along the beam from the center of the array) and angle coordinates (beam inclination) of the microphones. It is considered the arrays with the same radial coordinates of the microphones for each beam and the independent radial coordinates of each microphone, as well as the same inclination angle for all beams and the individual inclination angle of each beam. As constraints, it is used the minimum allowable distance between two adjacent microphones, and minimum and maximum diameter of the working area of the array. The solution of the optimization problem is performed by the Minimax method. An estimation of the resolution quality of designed arrays was carried out based on localization of three monopole sources. The array of 3 m in diameter without inclination of the beams and with different radial coordinates of the microphones on each beam was found to be the most efficient configuration among the considered ones.

Outbursts of comet Schwassmann-Wachmann 1, and the cloud of interplanetary boulders

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdenek Sekanina
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Expansion Velocity ◽  
Solid Constituent ◽  
Meteoric Material ◽  
Periodic Comet

AbstractIt is suggested that the outbursts of Periodic Comet Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 are triggered by impacts of interplanetary boulders on the surface of the comet’s nucleus. The existence of a cloud of such boulders in interplanetary space was predicted by Harwit (1967). We have used the hypothesis to calculate the characteristics of the outbursts – such as their mean rate, optically important dimensions of ejected debris, expansion velocity of the ejecta, maximum diameter of the expanding cloud before it fades out, and the magnitude of the accompanying orbital impulse – and found them reasonably consistent with observations, if the solid constituent of the comet is assumed in the form of a porous matrix of lowstrength meteoric material. A Monte Carlo method was applied to simulate the distributions of impacts, their directions and impact velocities.

The Ultrastructure of Monkey Gingival Epithelium

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
C.N. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Stratum Granulosum ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Gingival Epithelium ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Thickness

The present study demonstrates the ultrastructure of the gingival epithelium of the pig tail monkey (Macaca nemestrina). Specimens were taken from lingual and facial gingival surfaces and fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium solution (pH 7.6) for 1 hr, dehydrated, and then embedded in Epon 812.Tonofibrils are variable in number and structure according to the different region or location of the gingival epithelial cells, the main orientation of which is parallel to the long axis of the cells. The cytoplasm of the basal epithelial cells contains a great number of tonofilaments and numerous mitochondria. The basement membrane is 300 to 400 A thick. In the cells of stratum spinosum, the tonofibrils are densely packed and increased in number (fig. 1 and 3). They seem to take on a somewhat concentric arrangement around the nucleus. The filaments may occur scattered as thin fibrils in the cytoplasm or they may be arranged in bundles of different thickness. The filaments have a diameter about 50 A. In the stratum granulosum, the cells gradually become flatted, the tonofibrils are usually thin, and the individual tonofilaments are clearly distinguishable (fig. 2). The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are seldom seen in these superficial cell layers.

A Study of the Ultrastructure of Visual Cell Outer Segment Membranes, Using a Water-Miscible Embedding Medium and Differential Staining

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Outer Segment ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Visual Cell ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Chick Retina ◽  
Dark Staining ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
The Individual

Aldehyde-fixed chick retina was embedded in a water-containing resin of glutaraldehyde and urea, without dehydration. The loss of lipids and other soluble tissue components, which is severe in routine methods involving dehydration, was thereby minimized. Osmium tetroxide post-fixation was not used, lessening the amount of protein denaturation which occurred. Ultrathin sections were stained with 1, uranyl acetate and lead citrate, 2, silicotungstic acid, or 3, osmium vapor, prior to electron microscope examination of visual cell outer segment ultrastructure, at magnifications up to 800,000.Sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate (Fig. 1) showed that the individual disc membranes consisted of a central lipid core about 78Å thick in which dark-staining 40Å masses appeared to be embedded from either side.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

Some Effects of Oxidant Air Pollutants (Ozone and Peroxyacetyl Nitrate) on the Ultrastructure of Leaf Tissues

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
William W. Thomson ◽  
Elizabeth S. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Peroxyacetyl Nitrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Individual

The oxidant air pollutants, ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate, are produced in the atmosphere through the interaction of light with nitrogen oxides and gaseous hydrocarbons. These oxidants are phytotoxicants and are known to deleteriously affect plant growth, physiology, and biochemistry. In many instances they induce changes which lead to the death of cells, tissues, organs, and frequently the entire plant. The most obvious damage and biochemical changes are generally observed with leaves.Electron microscopic examination of leaves from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum L.) fumigated for .5 to 2 hours with 0.3 -1 ppm of the individual oxidants revealed that changes in the ultrastructure of the cells occurred in a sequential fashion with time following the fumigation period. Although occasional cells showed severe damage immediately after fumigation, the most obvious change was an enhanced clarity of the cell membranes.

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