scholarly journals Detection of malignant neoplasms procoagulant activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
I A Kamalov ◽  
R S Kurtasanov
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Procoagulant Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic

Aim. To determine possibilities of malignant neoplasms procoagulant activity detection by idiopathic thrombosis ultrasound imaging.Methods. 587 patients were examined. 347 patients with malignant neoplasms diagnosed in the outpatient clinic settings of the Tatarstan Regional Clinical Cancer Center (Kazan), were included in the main group. 240 patients, in which cancer pathology was excluded, were included in the control group. The groups were matched on age, sex and frequency of venous thromboembolic complications development risk factors not caused by malignant neoplasms. Both groups underwent clinical examination and ultrasound examination of the inferior vena cava, distal abdominal aorta, iliac arteries and veins, lower extremities arteries and veins.Results. Thrombosis clinical manifestations were detected in 12 patients, including 9 patients of the main group and 3 patients of the control group. In most cases of venous thrombosis in the main group (34 people, 79%) there were no clinical signs of thrombosis and it was detected only by ultrasound examination, which allowed to detect venous thrombus in 43 patients of the main group (12.4%) and in 5 patients of the control group (2.1%; t=3.2, p <0.05).Conclusion. The inferior vena cava system venous thrombosis frequency in patients with malignant neoplasms was significantly higher than that in patients without cancer, which indicates malignant neoplasms high procoagulant activity; ultrasonography has high sensitivity in the idiopathic thrombosis detection in cancer patients, and it should be performed regardless of the presence or absence of venous thromboembolic complications clinical manifestations.

scholarly journals Pulmonary embolism prevention in out-patients with malignancies during the first year of follow-up

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
R Sh Khasanov ◽  
I A Kamalov
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Very High

Aim. To decrease the one-year mortality rate in out-patients with malignancies undergoing periodic health examination.Methods. The study included 270 patients, who were examined and followed up. The main group included 140 patients, who monthly underwent ultrasonography of inferior vena cava branches during the first year of follow-up. The control group included 130 patients, in whom ultrasonography of inferior vena cava branches was performed only if clinical manifestations of venous thrombosis were registered.Results. Venous thrombosis was diagnosed in 35 patients of the main group, including 21 cases of venous thrombosis at very high risk for embolism. In control group, ultrasonography of inferior vena cava branches was performed in 13 patients who developed clinical manifestations of venous thromboembolic events, in whom 6 patients were diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, in 3 patients venous thrombosis was assessed as at very high risk for embolism. In 24 patients (21 in the main group and 3 in the control group), targeted measures to prevent pulmonary embolism were administered, including cava filter implantation, vein ligation above the venous thrombosis at very high risk for embolism site, and crossectomy. The rest of the patients were administered conservative prevention of thromboembolism. In the main group, no deaths associated with pulmonary embolism were registered. In the control group, 19 patients died due to developing pulmonary embolism.Conclusion. Preventive measures for pulmonary embolism, selected according to the results of timely ultrasound diagnosis of venous thrombosis, may reduce the one-year mortality rate in patients with cancer.

POLYMORPHISM OF GENE IL2-330Т>>G AND EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-2 IN PATIENTS WITH VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS OF POLYTRAUMA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. Мироманов ◽  
В. Доржеев ◽  
Н. Мироманова ◽  
Ю. Витковский
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Analysis Point

Введение. Политравма отличается особой тяжестью клинических проявлений, сопровождается значительным нарушением жизненно важных функций организма, трудностью диагностики и лечения, частым развитием разнообразных осложнений, длительным периодом пребывания в стационаре и высокой инвалидизацией. Тромбоэмболические осложнения при политравме встречаются в 40–77% случаев и характеризуются скрытым клиническим течением, трудностью лечения и высокой летальностью. Цель исследования. Изучить влияние полиморфизма гена IL2-330T{>{G на экспрессию интерлейкина-2 (IL-2) у пациентов с венозными тромбоэмболическими осложнениями (ВТЭО) политравмы в Забайкальском крае. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 114 пациентов (71,9% мужчин и 28,1% женщин) в возрасте от 20 до 40 лет с политравмой. Критерий включения в исследование: политравма с индексом по шкале ISS более 9. Первая группа — 73 пациента с неосложнённым течением политравмы, вторая группа — 41 пациент с ВТЭО политравмы. Контрольную группу составили 100 практически здоровых мужчин и женщин в возрасте от 20 до 40 лет. Материалом для молекулярно-генетического анализа служили образцы ДНК, выделенные из периферической крови. Для исследования выбрана точковая мутация IL-2 в позиции 330 (Т{>{G). Результаты. У пациентов с ВТЭО политравмы регистрировали более частое носительство генотипа -330T/T гена IL2; наличие этого генотипа сопровождалось увеличением продукции IL-2. Заключение. Идентификация генов и раскрытие их влияния на экспрессию кодируемых молекул способствует более глубокому пониманию патогенетических механизмов развития осложнений. Introduction. Polytrauma is characterized by a specifi c severity of clinical manifestations, is accompanied by a signifi cant impairment of vital body functions, the diffi culty of diagnosis and treatment, frequent development of various complications, prolonged period of hospitalization and high disability. Thromboembolic complications of polytrauma occur in 40–77% of cases and characterized by latent clinical course, diffi culties in treatment and high mortality. The aim was to study the eff ect of gene IL2-330T{>{G polymorphism on the expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2) at patients with venous thromboembolic complications (VTE) of polytrauma in Zabaykalskiy Krai. Materials and methods. The study included 114 patients (71,9% men and 28,1% women) with polytrauma aged from 20 to 40 years. Inclusion criteria: polytrauma with index according ISS scale more than 9. First group — 73 patients with uncomplicated polytrauma, second group — 41 patients with VTE of polytrauma. Control group consisted of 100 practically healthy men and women aged from 20 to 40 years. DNA samples isolated from the peripheral blood were the material for molecular genetic analysis. Point mutation of IL-2 at position 330 (T{>{G) was selected for study. Results. Genotype -330T/T of IL2 gene was registered more frequently at patients with VTE of polytrauma; the presence of this genotype was accompanied by increased production of IL-2. Conclusion. Identifi cation of genes and their eff ects on the expression of encoded molecules assists more overall understanding of pathogenetic mechanisms of complications development.

scholarly journals Optimization of proper diagnosis of thromboses associated with high risk of embolism in patients with neoplasms

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
I A Kamalov ◽  
I R Agliullin ◽  
M G Tukhbatullin
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Antineoplastic Treatment

Aim. To optimize a proper diagnosis of thromboses associated with high risk of embolism and pulmonary embolism prevention in patients with neoplasms. Methods. Ultrasonography of veins of lower extremities, iliac veins and the distal part of inferior vena cava was performed in patients with and without neoplasms in a prospective study to detect thromboses associated with high risk of embolism and thrombophlebitis. Ultrasonography was performed once in control group subjects, and before and during specialized antineoplastic treatment (surgical, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) in patients of the main group, the results were compared. A detection of a new thrombus in previously intact venous segment of inferior vena cava system was assessed as a high risk for pulmonary embolism. Results. Thromboses associated with high risk of embolism and thrombophlebitis were found in 6 patients of control group, in 5 patients of the main group before and in 27 patients of the main group while at specialized antineoplastic treatment. Specific measures for pulmonary embolism prevention were taken immediately in all of the cases according to ultrasonography results after the detection of thromboses associated with high risk of embolism. No fatal cases of pulmonary embolism were registered both in main (before and while at treatment) and control groups. Conclusion. Ultrasonography of veins of lower extremities, iliac veins and the distal part of inferior vena cava in patients with neoplasms before the start of specialized antineoplastic treatment allows to optimize the choice of prevention measures for pulmonary embolism and thus significantly decreases mortality from pulmonary embolism.

scholarly journals Required frequency of ultrasonography for detection of thrombosis with high risk for embolism in patients with malignancies

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
I A Kamalov ◽  
I R Agliullin ◽  
M G Tukhbatullin ◽  
I R Safin
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Venous Blood Flow

Aim. To determine the optimal terms for detection of thrombosis with high risk for embolism in patients with malignancies receiving specialized treatment. Methods. 117 patients (50 males, 67 females - the main group) with malignancies were randomly picked out (using the random numbers tables) underwent daily ultrasonography of inferior vena cava tributaries for detection of thrombosis with high risk for embolism. Ultrasonography of inferior vena cava distal part, both common iliac veins and veins of lower extremities was done in patients while on surgical treatment, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The control group consisted of 130 patients (58 males, 72 females) with malignancies in whom ultrasonography was performed only if clinical signs of venous thrombosis were present. Results. Ultrasonic features of venous blood flow decrease (spontaneous contrast phenomenon) in veins of lower extremities were found in 27 out of 117 main group patients on the second day. On the third day features of saphenous veins thrombosis were found in 13 patients. On the fourth day, 4 patients were diagnosed with iliofemoral thrombosis. 5 more patients developed ultrasonic features of venous blood flow decrease (spontaneous contrast phenomenon) on the fourth and fifth day. Signs of thrombosis progression and floating thrombus were found in 6 patients on the 6th and 7th day. No fatal cases of pulmonary embolism were registered in the main group. 10 patients of the control group had clinical signs of inferior vena cava tributaries and underwent distal part of inferior vena cava, both common iliac veins and veins of lower extremities ultrasonography while on specialized treatment. 5 cases of pulmonary embolism were reported in the rest of the control group patients (120 patients). Conclusion. Inferior vena cava tributaries thrombosis with high risk for embolism in patients with malignancies can be reliably detected by repeating ultrasonography every 3-4 days; Reliable diagnosis of thrombosis with high risk for embolism by means of ultrasonography during the post-surgical period allows to prevent pulmonary embolism in a timely and targeted manner.

scholarly journals Prevention of Venous Thromboembolic Complications in Wounded with Gunshot Femur Fractures

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
V. F Zubritskyi ◽  
A. P Koltovich ◽  
K. N Nikolaev ◽  
S. I Kapustin ◽  
S. N Dvortsevoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Specialized Care ◽  
Deep Vein

Analysis of different measures for the prevention of venous thromboembolic complications (VTEC) in 128 wounded with gunshot femur fractures was performed. Patients from control group (58) received pharmacologic prevention only at the step of specialized medical care provision. In the main group (70) combined VTEC prevention was provided at both the step of expert and specialized care. Rate of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) made up 27.1% in the main group and 55.2% (p

Thromboembolic complications prevention in the obstetric practice

2017 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O.V. Grishchenko ◽  
◽  
V.V. Bobrytska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Obstetric Practice ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
And Control

The objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Enoxaparin-Pharmex for the prevention of thrombotic complications (pulmonary embolism) in the postoperative period in patients with moderate risk of these complications. Patients and methods. The study included 50 women after a caesarean section had an average degree of risk of pulmonary embolism. Patients were divided into the main group (n=25) and control group (n=25) in accordance with the treatment: patients of the main group received postoperative Еnoxaparin- Pharmex, group comparisons enoxaparin sodium (brand foreign manufacturer’s). Patients in both groups received the drug at a dose of 20 mg for 5 days, 1 time per day subcutaneously. Results. The research data analysis showed identity results of hemostasiogram of patients in the main group and the comparison group, no side effects after treatment in both groups. Conclusion. The clinical studies suggest the drug Enoxaparin-Pharmex is effective, safe LMWH, which can be used to prevent troboembolic complications, including post-operative treatment in obstetric practice. Spectrum of Enoxaparin-Pharmex can be extended to the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic conditions of varying severity with appropriate doses of the drug. Key words: Enoxaparin-Pharmex, prevention of pulmonary embolism.

scholarly journals Role of Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval in Patients on Chronic Anticoagulation Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savannah Fletcher ◽  
Adam Plotnik ◽  
Ravi N. Srinivasa ◽  
Jeffrey Forris Beecham Chick ◽  
John M. Moriarty
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava Filter ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Vena Cava Filter ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic

Abstract Purpose of review Describe the role of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) retrieval in patients on chronic anticoagulation given the overlap of these treatment options in the management of patients with venous thromboembolic disease. Recent findings Despite the increase in IVCF retrievals since the Food and Drug Administration safety communications in 2010 and 2014, retrieval rates remain low. Previous studies have shown that longer filter dwell times are associated with greater risk for filter complications and more difficulty with filter retrievals. Recent findings suggest that complications are more frequent in the first 30 days after placement. Summary The decision to retrieve an optional IVCF is individualized and requires diligent follow-up with consistent re-evaluation of the need for the indwelling IVCF, particularly in those on long-term anticoagulation therapy.

Retrieval of Bard Simon Nitinol inferior vena cava filters: Approaches, technical successes, complications, and clinical outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 026835552092598
Author(s):  
Jacob J Bundy ◽  
Jeffrey Forris Beecham Chick ◽  
Ravi N Srinivasa ◽  
Kyle J Cooper ◽  
Joseph J Gemmete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava Filters ◽  
Vena Cava Filters ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Vena Cava Thrombosis ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

Objective The Simon Nitinol filter is a bi-level filtration device designed for permanent implantation that is no longer commercially available, but may result in similar complications to current commercially available long term indwelling temporary or permanent filters. Complications related to indwelling inferior vena cava filters include inferior vena cava thrombosis, inferior vena cava penetration, filter migration, and filter fracture. There is a paucity of reports describing the technical aspects related to retrieval of Simon Nitinol filters. Materials and methods This study consisted of five patients with Simon Nitinol filters and describes the indication for retrieval, the retrieval techniques used to remove the filters, technical success, complications, and clinical course. Results The indications for retrieval included: abdominal pain ( n = 2; 40%), iliocaval thrombosis ( n = 1; 20%), identification of an intracardiac filter fragment ( n = 1; 20%), and recurrent venous thromboembolic events ( n = 1; 20%). Retrieval techniques included: biopsy forceps ( n = 3; 60%), excimer laser extraction sheaths ( n = 3; 60%), hangman modified loop snares ( n = 3; 60%), rigid endobronchial forceps ( n = 2; 40%), and balloon deflection ( n = 2; 40%). All filters were successfully retrieved. One patient developed a post-procedural intramuscular hematoma near the site of right internal jugular sheath placement. Conclusions Simon Nitinol filters may be retrieved safely and effectively using advanced inferior vena cava filter retrieval techniques.

Supplemental Use of Inferior Vena Cava Filters: A Review of An Institutional Experience.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1279-1279
Author(s):  
Parminder Singh ◽  
Robert G. Lerner ◽  
Tarun Chugh ◽  
Hoang Lai ◽  
Wilbert S Aronov
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
Ivc Filter ◽  
Filter Placement ◽  
Ivc Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Post Filter

Abstract Introduction: Increasing use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters in recent years as a preventative measure against pulmonary embolism (PE) has raised concern for usage outside of accepted guidelines. Based on the American College of Chest Physicians 2004 guidelines for the initial treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and PE, and the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma 2002 guidelines for prophylaxis of PE, placement of an IVC filter is indicated in patients who either have, or are at high risk for thromboembolism, but have a contraindication for anticoagulation, a complication of anticoagulant treatment, or recurrent thromboembolism despite adequate anticoagulation. The purpose of our study is to identify patients who meet the guidelines for IVC filter placement and to compare clinical outcomes with those who did not meet the guidelines. Methods: Charts of 558 patients who received IVC filter placement were reviewed from Jan 1, 2004 to Dec 31, 2007. Patients were divided into two groups called within-guidelines or supplemental. The within-guidelines group included patients that met the criteria described above. The supplemental indication group included patients who did not have a contraindication or failure of anticoagulation. Patient characteristics and clinical outcomes between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results: The within-guidelines group had 362 patients and the supplemental group had 196 patients. While there were more males in the within-guidelines group, age, race, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality were comparable between the two groups. Clinical follow-up in patients with a supplemental indication showed 1 (0.5%) case of post-filter PE, 2 (1%) cases of IVC thrombosis, 7 (3.6%) cases of DVT. Patients who were in the within-guidelines indication group had 4 (1.1%) cases of post-filter PE, 13 (3.6%) cases of IVC thrombosis, and 34 (9.4%) cases of DVT. All patients who developed post-filter PE had a prior DVT at the time of filter placement, and the risk of developing post-filter IVC thrombosis and PE is higher in patients with prior thromboembolic disease. Conversely, patients who did not have a VTE event before filter placement were at a significantly lower risk of developing IVC thrombosis and PE. Conclusion: Anticoagulation should be initiated at the earliest possible time in patients treated with an IVC filter to prevent subsequent venous thromboembolic disease. Our data does not support the use of IVC filter in patients who can tolerate anticoagulation and have no prior venous thromboembolic event due to the low risk of developing pulmonary embolism

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