scholarly journals TASK OF SPEECH THERAPIST IN THE CARE OF NEWBORN BABIES WITH SUCKING PROBLEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Jana Tabachova ◽  
Kateřina Vitásková
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Speech Therapist ◽  
Definition Of

This article points to the importance of speech therapy already in the neonatal period. When a baby is born, he should be equipped with primary reflexes that allow us to survive (e.g. sucking and swallowing).Food intake and physiological sucking is a prerequisite for adequate development of oral motor functions. If baby is no able to suck or suction is insufficient, we stop the breastfeeding and the baby is feeding by alternative method like nursing bottle, syringe or nasogastric tube. Mother often will not return to the breastfeeding. The task of the speech therapist is using stimulation to active sufficient sucking reflex and using the child to swallow properly. When baby has no problem with swallowing, he constitutes a prerequisite for the proper development of oral motor functions and consequently speech. In the introduction of this article we deal with the theoretical definition of the problem- the classification of newborn, development of sucking and swallowing, the importance of breastfeeding. In the second part of this article we write about stimulation of sucking and swallowing in high birth weight infants and low birth weight infants. Data were obtained through interviews with parents, they completed anamnestic questionnaire, therapists observed and works with babies.

d-Penicillamine and Retinopathy of Prematurity

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-952
Author(s):  
LAJOS LAKATOS
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽  
Clinical Observations

To the Editor.— The letter to the editor by Johnson et al1 and studies by others regarding vitamin E prophylaxis for retinopathy of prematurity suggest that further research into the prevention of retinopathy of prematurity should not be limited to vitamin E. On the basis of clinical observations we reported that d-penicillamine treatment in the neonatal period was associated with a marked decrease in the incidence of severe retrolental fibroplasia among the very low birth weight infants.2

Birth Weight and Childhood Growth

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 828-834
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Binkin ◽  
Ray Yip ◽  
Lee Fleshood ◽  
Frederick L. Trowbridge
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Birth Certificate ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Supplemental Food

Most previous studies of the relationship between birth weight and childhood growth have concentrated on the growth of low birth weight infants. To examine this relationship throughout the full range of birth weights, growth data for children <5 years of age from the Tennessee Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children linked to birth certificate records for 1975 to 1985 were used. Growth status was compared for 500-g birth weight categories from 1,000 g to 4,999 g using mean Z scores and the percentage of children more than 2 SD above or less than 2 SD below the median for height for age, weight for age, and weight for height. Infants with lower birth weights were likely to remain shorter and lighter throughout childhood, especially those who were intrauterine growth retarded rather than premature. Conversely, those infants with higher birth weights were likely to remain taller and heavier and to have a higher risk of obesity. Birth weight is a strong predictor of weight and height in early childhood, not only for low birth weight children but also for those of normal and high birth weight.

Effect of Community-Initiated Kangaroo Mother Care on Fecal Biomarkers of Gut Function in Low Birth Weight Infants in North India: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bireshwar Sinha ◽  
Halvor Sommerfelt ◽  
Per Ashorn ◽  
Sarmila Mazumder ◽  
Deepak More ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
North India ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Gut Inflammation ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

This individually randomized trial was conducted to estimate the effect of promoting community-initiated Kangaroo Mother Care (ciKMC) in low birth weight (LBW) infants on gut inflammation and permeability. Participants included 200 stable LBW infants (weighing 1,500–2,250 g) in North India enrolled between May and October 2017. The ciKMC intervention included promotion and support of continuous skin-to-skin contact and exclusive breastfeeding through home visits. The mothers in the intervention arm were supported to practice ciKMC until 28 days after birth, i.e., the neonatal period, or till the baby wriggled out of KMC position, if earlier. Infant stool specimens were collected during the first week of birth, and within 1 week after end of the neonatal period. Concentrations of fecal neopterin (nmol/L), myeloperoxidase (ng/mL), and alpha-1-antitrypsin (μg/mL) were determined using ELISA, and composite enteric enteropathy (EE) score at the end of the neonatal period was calculated by principal component analysis. We did not find any substantial difference in means between the ciKMC and control arm infants in the log-transformed values of neopterin (0.03; 95% CI −0.15 to 0.21), myeloperoxidase (0.28; 95% CI −0.05 to 0.61) and alpha-1-antitrypsin (0.02; 95% CI −0.30 to 0.34). The mean (SD) composite EE score was 13.6 (7.5) in the ciKMC and 12.4 (8.3) in the control arm infants, and the adjusted difference in means was negligible, 0.4 (95% CI −1.8 to 2.7). Our findings suggest that the promotion of ciKMC did not affect gut inflammation and permeability in our target population of LBW infants in North India.

scholarly journals USE OF THE SPEECH PASSPORT IN REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL MAXILLOFACIAL MALFORMATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
Павел Токарев ◽  
Pavel Tokarev ◽  
Алексей Шулаев ◽  
Aleksey Shulaev ◽  
Ринат Салеев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Speech Activity ◽  
Speech Therapist ◽  
Rehabilitation Measures ◽  
Definition Of

Subject. The article describes the child's speech passport, as one of the important mechanisms of the rehabilitation and speech recovery in children with congenital cleft lip and palate. Purpose of the study ― evaluation of the treatment outcome in children with cleft palate with the use of a speech passport at the stage of rehabilitation. Materials and methods. The article presents the experience of the rehabilitation of more than 2,000 patients with congenital maxillofacial defects from 1998 to 2017. Results. The features of speech development were studied in 93 patients divided into two groups. The main group consisted of 56 people, in whom the definition of the algorithm of medical and logopedic aid was carried out using a speech passport, then the rehabilitation measures complex developed by us for restoring and correcting the speech function was applied. The control group included 37 people: patients who did not receive medical and speech therapy in the postoperative period, and patients who underwent rehabilitation measures in outpatient clinic at the place of residence. The speech activity indicators in patients of the compared groups had significant differences (p = 0,026), due to a more pronounced positive dynamics of speech activity recovery in the main group - the percentage of patients increased 3,6 times ― from 17,9 to 64,3 %, while in the control group the rate increased only 1,9 times ― from 21,6 up to 40,5 %. Conclusion. The developed speech passport involves a multidisciplinary approach to the child, early detection, treatment and rehabilitation. It is also can be defined as a link between health care, speech therapy and pedagogy. The child's speech passport data can be filled by a pediatrician, neurologist, maxillofacial surgeon, orthodontist, speech therapist and speech therapist defectologist at various stages of treatment and rehabilitation.

scholarly journals The repercussions of reduced energy and protein intake during the early neonatal period of very-low-birth-weight infants on their lung function during childhood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Uberos Fernández ◽  
YOLANDA Gónzalez Jimenez ◽  
Ana Campos-Martínez ◽  
María Tejerizo-Hidalgo ◽  
Elizabeth Fernández-Marín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Early Neonatal Period ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Z Scores

Background Prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia can modify lung function in children and adults. Postnatal nutrition and rapid growth catch-up may influence the long-term development of lung function. Methods This prospective observational study was based on a cohort of 334 very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates, born between 1 January 2008 and 12 December 2015. Patients with severe neurological damage, death or incomplete data record were excluded. When these infants reached a mean age of 7.7 years, a spirometry evaluation was performed, to determine FEV1, FEF25-75%, FVC and the FEV1/FVC ratio. The relation between these parameters and nutritional intake in the early neonatal period was determined by regression analysis. Results In total, 40 spirometry tests were performed. The results obtained, after adjusting for age and sex by Z-scores for the spirometry variables, showed that the schoolchildren who had been VLBW recorded significantly lower spirometry results (FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75%) than the reference values. Furthermore, there was a significant association between the FEV1/FVC ratio and the intake of macronutrients and energy in the first week of life. It is hypothesised that increasing energy intake and achieving a higher protein/energy ratio in the first week of life would improve the FEV1/FVC ratio by the time these VLBW infants reach school age. Conclusions Active nutritional management in the early neonatal period is associated with improved lung function, as reflected by the spirometry findings obtained.

CYTOLOGIC STUDY OF URINARY SEDIMENT IN THE EVALUATION OF SEX HORMONE PRODUCTION IN CHILDHOOD

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 886-891
Author(s):  
Henry K. Silver ◽  
Robert L. Kirchner
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Cytologic Examination ◽  
Urinary Sediment ◽  
Cytologic Study

Cytologic examination of desquamated cells in voided urine was performed in 236 children. The urinary sediment of 95% of girls and 80.5% of boys of all ages exhibited changes consistent with sex-hormone stimulation. Cytologic changes were most marked in the neonatal period and at puberty; during the first week of life, the most striking alteration occurred in low-birth-weight infants. Our findings suggest that the quantity of sex hormones known to be produced in both sexes throughout childhood may be sufficient to cause discernible changes in cells derived from the urogenital tract.

SWEDISH STANDARD CURVES FOR INTRA-UTERINE GROWTH

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Göran Sterky
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
National Board ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Menstrual Pattern ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Statistical Definition

The classification of newborn infants according to intra-uterine growth must take into account gestational age as well as birth weight. Also important is the intrauterine growth pattern of the population from which individual and epidemiological data are derived and to which they are to be compared. In constructing a definition of "normal" intra-uterine growth, the only practical approach now seems to be a statistical definition from data on live born infants of supposedly normal pregnancies. In Sweden it has been possible to collect such information from material compiled primarily for forensic purposes. Because the resultant curves have been published only in Swedish1, and because the birth weight at term in Sweden has been said to be the highest so far obtained2, the curves are presented here for readers from other countries. The Swedish National Board of Health instructed all maternity wards to report certain data on all infants born from July 1, 1956, to June 30, 1957. Due to various reasons, some small hospitals could not take part. After an intense correspondence to complete the reports, the material included 92,348 infants (51.7% boys). It was calculated that about 110,000 infants were born in the whole country during the period in question. Stillborn and malformed infants were excluded, as were those born to mothers with clinical diabetes mellitus and toxemia (proteinuria at two separate occasions and/or resting systolic blood pressure above 150 mm Hg). Only single births were included. The material now contained 82,011 infants (51.0% boys). Before constructing the curves, it was also decided that the normal menstrual pattern of the mothers had to be known and had to be regular with intervals within 21 to 35 days.

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