scholarly journals On Legal Basis of a Claim

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
V. N. Ivakin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Grounds

The science of civil procedural law advances an opinion that it is necessary to distinguish between the  factual and legal basis of a claim. The latter needs to be singled out, since the specific claim always results from a  specific legal relationship, from the subjective right of the plaintiff to be protected. The main argument, according to  A. A. Dobrovolskiy, is not the presence of the relevant norm in the law but its practical necessity to recognize these  legal grounds as an integral part of a claim. However, the author here confuses two different issues: the expediency  and the obligatory existence of a legal basis for the claim, although in fact these are far from identical concepts.  The author also wrongfully identifies the concepts of "basis of a claim" and "basis of satisfaction of a claim", as  a result of which the legal basis of a claim is always included in the basis of a claim. This position is supported by  some other scientists who dealt with the problems of the claim (G. L. Osokina, O. V. Isaenkova). Meanwhile, if we  consider a claim as a legal phenomenon in general, then the legal basis is indeed a necessary component of the  general concept of “the basis of a claim”. However, if we turn to specific claims, then the legal basis of the claim  can be either optional (Code of Civil Procedure of the RSFSR 1964) or mandatory (Code of Civil Procedure of the  Russian Federation 2002). Currently, in accordance with paragraph 4, Part 2 of Art. 131 of the Civil Procedural Code  of the Russian Federation, the statement of claim must indicate what constitutes the violation or threat of violation  of the rights, freedoms or legitimate interests of the plaintiff. The paper draws attention to the shortcomings of  this norm, and thus suggests to remove it from the Civil Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. At the end of  the paper, it is suggested that with the development of civil procedural legislation, reference to the norms of law  in a statement of claim will become mandatory. However, the recognition by V. V. Yarkov of this provision as valid  by virtue of imposing the burden of proof on the parties seems to be unreasoned.

The Content of the Concept of «Conclusion» in the Civil Process

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Ryzhkov K. S. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
General Concept ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Civil Process ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of

The article analyzes the problems associated with the content and scope of the concept of «conclusion» in civil procedural law. The absence of a definition of the concept of «conclusion» in the current legislation is noted, as well as the discussion that exists in the scientific literature on this issue. Attention is drawn to the application of this concept to procedural institutions of various contents (expert opinion and opinion in accordance with Articles 45 and 47 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation). The aim of the study is to establish the content of the general concept of «conclusion» in the civil process by formulating its definition. To achieve this goal, the author has set the task of identifying differences between different types of conclusions in the civil process. The author also set the task of identifying common features that both expert opinions and conclusions have in accordance with Articles 45 and 47 of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. In the framework of this study, methods such as the analysis method, as well as system-structural and formal-legal methods were applied. The content of the procedural rules in their totality and comparison, including the norms of other procedural branches of law, is analyzed. The application of the above methods allowed us to fully achieve the goals and objectives of the study, to formulate scientifically based conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the author gives a general definition of the concept of «conclusion» in civil procedure law, applicable to all types of opinions that exist within the framework of the norms of the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. Attention is drawn to the nature of the conclusion as a judgment of an evaluative nature. As signs of a conclusion in a civil process, its subject (the subject of civil process) and a specific procedural form are named.

Concept of Single Civil Procedure Code: Suggestions of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Екатерина Ганичева ◽  
Ekaterina Ganicheva ◽  
Андрей Габов ◽  
Andrey Gabov ◽  
Мария Глазкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legislative Activity ◽  
The Government

This publication is the result of collective discussion at the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation of the Concept of a common code of civil procedure adopted in 2014. The article deals with the problem of harmonization of legislation governing the consideration of the various categories of cases within the jurisdiction of the courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts. Particular attention is paid to the problems of access to justice, coordination of legislative activity, taking into account the future prospects of unification of the rules and institutions governing the procedural arrangements of civil, administrative and criminal proceedings. The article describes the objective relationship between the development of an of procedural law and the law on the judicial system, which must be taken into account when solving problems to ensure the effective operation of the courts at all stages of trial and in all judicial instances. Certain problems that arose after the unification of the higher judiciary authorities are reviewed, recommendations aimed at improving the structure and organizational forms of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation are given.

scholarly journals Evidence and Establishment of Evidence Norms in CIS Countries Criminal Procedures: A Comparative Legal Analysis

Lex Russica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
S. V. Kornakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
Procedure Codes ◽  
In Cis

The paper is devoted to a comparative legal analysis of some norms of the criminal procedure laws of the CIS countries concerning evidence and establishment of evidence in criminal procedures. The paper analyzes the legal definitions of the concept of "evidence" in the CIS countries codes. It is noted that the wording used in article 74 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation is less specific than the content of the relevant norms in the legislation of other CIS countries. In particular, the replacement of the phrase "this data is established", which was used in the RSFSR Criminal Procedure Code, with the phrase "evidence is" in part 2 of article 74 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, which led to an illegal identification of the sources of evidence and the evidence itself, is critically evaluated.Some features, advantages and disadvantages of the norms of criminal procedure laws of the CIS countries containing a list of sources of evidence are revealed. The conclusion is made about a clear advantage in this respect of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, part 2 of article 74 of which contains a complete and universal list of sources of evidence. At the same time, the need to include in this list, along with the testimony of the suspect and the accused, such a source of evidence as the testimony of the defendant is argued.The paper analyzes the legislative consolidation of the concept of "evidence" in the criminal procedure codes of the CIS countries, which allowed us to critically evaluate the definition given to this concept by the Russian legislator. According to the author, the absence of the purpose for the establishment of evidence in article 85 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, namely the purpose for establishing the circumstances listed in article 73 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, as a lawful, reasoned and just resolution of the case, is a significant shortcoming of the Russian criminal-procedural law that requires special legal address. 

scholarly journals RUSSIAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS: REAL NEED OR UNNECESSARY JUDICIAL AUTHORITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
В.А. Винокуров
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Body

Через призму обязанности государства соблюдать и защищать права и свободы человека и гражданина в Российской Федерации в статье рассматриваются правовые основы возможности образования нового суда – российского суда по правам человека. Рассмотрены существующие нормативные правовые акты, устанавливающие порядок осуществления защиты органами судебной власти прав и законных интересов граждан страны и иных лиц, проживающих в России. Использованы мнения членов Совета при Президенте Российской Федерации по развитию гражданского общества и правам человека, а также участников «круглого стола», проведенного в Общественной палате Российской Федерации и посвященного вопросам создания российского суда по правам человека. По итогам проведенного анализа сделан вывод, из которого следует, что вместо создания очередного государственного органа судебной власти следует наладить эффективную работу существующей судебной системы, для чего сформулированы конкретные предложения. Through the prism of the state's obligation to respect and protect human and civil rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation, the article examines the legal basis for the possibility of forming a new court – the Russian Court of Human Rights. The existing normative legal acts establishing the procedure for the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of citizens of the country and other persons residing in Russia by the judicial authorities are considered. The opinions of the members of the Presidential Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights, as well as the participants of the "round table" held in the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation on the establishment of the Russian Court of Human Rights were used. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that instead of creating another state body of judicial power, it is necessary to establish the effective functioning of the existing judicial system, for which specific proposals are formulated.

scholarly journals On the question of responsibility for procedural unfairness in the trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-236
Author(s):  
Valentina G Laskova ◽  
Svetlana G Salmina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article deals with topical issues in modern science, the problem of abuse of rights in civil proceedings. Based on a study of the various proposals to combat such behavior and as a result of the analysis of the civil procedural law to prevent misconduct, the possible changes and additions to the existing Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Problematic Issues of Protection of Rights and Legitimate Interests of Victims of Crime

Lex Russica ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
M. A. Zheludkov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
The Status ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Amount Of Knowledge ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
The Right

The relevance of the article is that in modern society, ensuring a full fight against crime involves including a solution to various problems in the implementation of the rights and legitimate interests of persons against whom the crime has been committed. For example, in the criminal procedure the rights and obligations of “persons involved in the proceedings when checking reports of a crime are explained under the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. Alongside it provides the possibility of exercising these rights to the extent that the procedural actions and procedural decisions affect their interests, including the right not to testify against themselves, their spouses and other close relatives, the range of whom is defined in para. 4 of art. 5 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. Such persons are provided with the right to use the services of a lawyer, as well as to bring complaints about actions (inaction) and decisions of the investigating officer, the head of division of inquiry, the chief of body of inquiry, the investigator, the head of investigative body in the order established by Chapter 16 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation”. Still this sound rule lacks referencing to certain subjects defined in the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. This leads to the fact that legal guarantees for persons who have not received the status of a participant in criminal proceedings remain declarative. The analysis of criminal cases revealed many inaccuracies, legislative gaps and contradictions, which play an important role in the fact that individuals or legal entities in respect of whom the crime has been committed do not have procedural rights to protect their interests within the period up to 30 days. The article aims to develop a mechanism for their protection from the moment of registration of a crime report by law enforcement agencies, taking into account a certain amount of knowledge on the activities of persons who were involved in the criminal process.

scholarly journals Essay on the Doctrine of Administrative Procedure

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
L. L. Popov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Administrative Procedure ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Administrative Courts

The paper elucidates the history and current state of the administrative procedure doctrine, the idea of the structure of the administrative procedural code of the Russian Federation, shows the role Prof. Nadezhda G. Salishcheva and Prof. Valentin D. Sorokin plaid in the development of the theory of administrative procedure. The author highlights that the first link of administrative procedural activity and the structure of administrative procedural law have been created. The second link, namely, the creation of the Administrative Procedural Code of the Russian Federation has been completed. The third link that involves the recognition by the legal scientific community of the fact that, in the system of Russian law, administrative procedural law does exist, has taken place. And, according to strict logic, there is a need for the fourth final link in the system of administrative procedural activity, namely: the creation of an all-Russian system of administrative courts, which will require a financial basis, the availability of human resources and a modern digital infrastructure, including a unified all-Russian database of citizens and organizations brought to administrative responsibility qualified according to the constituent entity of the Russian Federation and fields (areas) of management, high-speed Internet connection with all local jurisdictional authorities. And as we can see, the system of administrative courts will meet the needs of two branches of state power — the executive branch and the judiciary.The author expresses the wish that curious scientists — administrative law experts — appear in Russian science, who would be interested in the considered scientific issue that constitutes an interesting and very important problem and proceeds researching the theory, legislation and practice of the administrative procedure.

scholarly journals Limits of application of the principle of immediacy in civil procedure

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Konstantin Sergeevich Ryzhkov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
Procedural Code ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Assessment Of Evidence

The subject of this research is the principle of immediacy as one of the fundamental principles of civil procedure, defining the content of proving cases heard in the order established by the Civil Procedural Code of the Russian Federation. The goal of this article consists in a thorough analysis of the application of principle of immediacy within the framework of proving, which is regulated by the norms of the civil procedural legislation. The relevance of this topic is substantiated by vast number of exceptions in application of the aforementioned procedural legal principle, including those set by the current legislation. This research employs such methods as analysis, systemic-structural, hermeneutic, and formal-legal. Based on the acquired results, the author determines a list instances in which the current legislation allows for the possibility of limiting the implementation of the principle of immediacy within the process of examination and assessment of evidence by the court. Analysis is also conducted into the limits of application of the principle of immediacy with regards to each individual case.

ON THE NATURE OF RELATIONSHIPS FOR RECONCILIATION AND THE DESIRABILITY OF THEIR REGULATION IN CIVIL PROCEDURAL CODES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-131
Author(s):  
S.S. KAZIKHANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Arbitration Procedure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Administrative Code ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes the changes made to the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation by the Federal Law of 26 July 2019 No. 197-FZ, related to the regulation of conciliation procedures. The question is raised as to whether the civil procedural codes should regulate relations on reconciliation and to what extent. Agreement is expressed with those authors who believe that, by their nature, the relations that develop in conciliation procedures between its participants (including in cases where the conciliation procedure is directed by a judge) are not procedural and are not part of the subject of civil procedural law. The non-procedural nature of the relationship between the judicial conciliator and the court in the procedure of judicial conciliation under the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation and the Administrative code of the Russian Federation is substantiated. It is concluded that due to the qualitatively different nature of reconciliation relations from civil procedural relations, as well as their lack of connection with the resolution of a civil case in a certain system of guarantees (civil procedural form), there is no place for articles on individual conciliation procedures among procedural norms. In this regard, it is proposed to either exclude them, or, as an option, transfer them to the appendix to the Civil Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Administrative code of the Russian Federation (just as in the Civil Procedure Code of 1964 there was an appendix, in particular, about the arbitration court).

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