The Right to Repair Goods in the Era of Digitalization and Globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
P. L. Likhter
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Warranty Period ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

Today, large companies are increasingly using controversial strategies related to the violation of the buyer’s rights to repair the goods both during and after the expiration of the warranty period. This is primarily manifested in the restriction of access to the necessary information on the product repairing, hindering the work of independent service organizations, intentional complication of parts during their design, unreasonably high degree of integration of units, lack of a sufficient number of spare parts on the market, etc. As a rule, such actions distort the principles of integrity and transparency, which, in turn, entails risks to consumer and environmental safety. This issue is of particular relevance in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, when sellers of medical equipment restrict the possibility of its restoration by independent specialists, and also prevent the distribution of the necessary software. Based on the results of the work, it is concluded that it is advisable to establish boundaries for the conduct of market participants to stimulate the production of durable and maintainable goods in order to transit to a circular economy.

scholarly journals A Review of Reductionist versus Systems Perspectives towards ‘Doing the Right Strategies Right’ for Circular Economy Implementation

Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Raquel Balanay ◽  
Anthony Halog
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
The Right ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Analytical Frameworks ◽  
Reductionist Approach

This systematic review examines the importance of a systems/holistic approach in analyzing and addressing the footprints/impacts of business-as-usual activities regarding the development of a circular economy (CE). Recent works on why current CE approaches have to be examined in terms of reductionist vs. systems perspectives are reviewed to tackle questions pertaining to the right or the wrong way of CE implementation. ‘Doing the right thing right’ is essential for sustainability—the ultimate goal of a CE, which must be viewed as a system to begin with. The limited reductionist approach overlooks and thus cannot prognosticate on the formidable unintended consequences that emerge from ‘doing the right things wrong’, consequences that become too costly to undo. The systems approach, being holistic, is complicated and difficult to pursue but open to exciting opportunities to integrate innovations in CE analysis and implementation. Complexity is an inherent downside of the systems approach. However, both approaches are complementary, as reductionist models can be combined to create a system of comprehensive analysis to correct the approach towards implementation of current CE initiatives. This review reports that advancements in systems analytical frameworks and tools are highly important for creating general guidelines on CE analysis and implementation.

Biocatalysis and biomass conversion: enabling a circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2176) ◽  
pp. 20190274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Sheldon
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Precious Metal Catalysts ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Forestry Residues ◽  
The Right

This paper is based on a lecture presented to the Royal Society in London on 24 June 2019. Two of the grand societal and technological challenges of the twenty-first century are the ‘greening' of chemicals manufacture and the ongoing transition to a sustainable, carbon neutral economy based on renewable biomass as the raw material, a so-called bio-based economy. These challenges are motivated by the need to eliminate environmental degradation and mitigate climate change. In a bio-based economy, ideally waste biomass, particularly agricultural and forestry residues and food supply chain waste, are converted to liquid fuels, commodity chemicals and biopolymers using clean, catalytic processes. Biocatalysis has the right credentials to achieve this goal. Enzymes are biocompatible, biodegradable and essentially non-hazardous. Additionally, they are derived from inexpensive renewable resources which are readily available and not subject to the large price fluctuations which undermine the long-term commercial viability of scarce precious metal catalysts. Thanks to spectacular advances in molecular biology the landscape of biocatalysis has dramatically changed in the last two decades. Developments in (meta)genomics in combination with ‘big data’ analysis have revolutionized new enzyme discovery and developments in protein engineering by directed evolution have enabled dramatic improvements in their performance. These developments have their confluence in the bio-based circular economy. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Science to enable the circular economy'.

scholarly journals Challenges and Controversies in the Genetic Diagnosis of Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Saputra ◽  
Kishore Raj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diagnosis ◽  
Spastic Paraplegia ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias ◽  
Gene Testing ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gene Panels ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Purpose of Review The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of disorders characterised by progressive lower limb weakness and spasticity. We address the challenges and controversies involved in the genetic diagnosis of HSP. Recent Findings There is a large and rapidly expanding list of genes implicated in HSP, making it difficult to keep gene testing panels updated. There is also a high degree of phenotypic overlap between HSP and other disorders, leading to problems in choosing the right panel to analyse. We discuss genetic testing strategies for overcoming these diagnostic hurdles, including the use of targeted sequencing gene panels, whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing. Personalised treatments for HSP are on the horizon, and a genetic diagnosis may hold the key to access these treatments. Summary Developing strategies to overcome the challenges and controversies in HSP may hold the key to a rapid and accurate genetic diagnosis.

scholarly journals Origin, Traject and Distribution of Renal Arteries (Arteriae renalis) in Chinchilla lanigera

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Cristian MARTONOS ◽  
Cristian DEZDROBITU ◽  
Florin STAN ◽  
Aurel DAMIAN ◽  
Alexandru GUDEA
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Lateral Part ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Aorta Abdominalis ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

For the present study a number of 5 female chinchilla carcasses were used. The animals were slaughtered for commercial purpuses (fur). The anatomical dissection started with the identification of the aorta (Aorta abdominalis). The next step was the intra-arterial injection of a colouring substance. The carcasses was fixed in the formaldehyde solution and subsequently the renal arteries were dissected. The first renal artery was the right renal artery (Arteria renalis dextra) and, at 0,5 cm caudally, the left renal artery (Arteria renalis sinister) arose . The origin of those arteries were disposed on the lateral part of the abdominal aorta.The origin, traject and distribution of renal arteries on the studied species have a high degree of similarity with the literature dates described for leporids.

scholarly journals Enhanced Cognitive Walkthrough: Development of the Cognitive Walkthrough Method to Better Predict, Identify, and Present Usability Problems

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Ola Bligård ◽  
Anna-Lisa Osvalder
Keyword(s):  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Infusion Pumps ◽  
Usability Problems ◽  
Cognitive Walkthrough ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Potential Use

To avoid use errors when handling medical equipment, it is important to develop products with a high degree of usability. This can be achieved by performing usability evaluations in the product development process to detect and mitigate potential usability problems. A commonly used method is cognitive walkthrough (CW), but this method shows three weaknesses: poor high-level perspective, insufficient categorisation of detected usability problems, and difficulties in overviewing the analytical results. This paper presents a further development of CW with the aim of overcoming its weaknesses. The new method is called enhanced cognitive walkthrough (ECW). ECW is a proactive analytical method for analysis of potential usability problems. The ECW method has been employed to evaluate user interface designs of medical equipment such as home-care ventilators, infusion pumps, dialysis machines, and insulin pumps. The method has proved capable of identifying several potential use problems in designs.

scholarly journals Waste management based on circular economy principles

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 04014
Author(s):  
Olga Guman ◽  
Ekaterina Wegner-Kozlova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Economic Collaboration

Waste management has strategic implications in contemporary world. The demand in combination of economic development with environmental safety is urging to focus on capacities of non-linear economy. Waste management should redirect its efforts to reduction, recycling and treatment techniques, which view the wastes as resources. The goal of this paper is to study theoretical and practical issues of waste management based on circular economy principles from perspective of cross-disciplinary eco-economic collaboration.

scholarly journals Subjective Experience of Speech Depending on the Acoustic Treatment in an Ordinary Room

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12274
Author(s):  
Emma Arvidsson ◽  
Erling Nilsson ◽  
Delphine Bard-Hagberg ◽  
Ola J. I. Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Reverberation Time ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Acoustic Environments ◽  
The Right ◽  
Acoustic Treatment ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Speech Clarity

In environments such as classrooms and offices, complex tasks are performed. A satisfactory acoustic environment is critical for the performance of such tasks. To ensure a good acoustic environment, the right acoustic treatment must be used. The relation between different room acoustic treatments and how they affect speech perception in these types of rooms is not yet fully understood. In this study, speech perception was evaluated for three different configurations using absorbers and diffusers. Twenty-nine participants reported on their subjective experience of speech in respect of different configurations in different positions in a room. They judged sound quality and attributes related to speech perception. In addition, the jury members ranked the different acoustic environments. The subjective experience was related to the different room acoustic treatments and the room acoustic parameters of speech clarity, reverberation time and sound strength. It was found that people, on average, rated treatments with a high degree of absorption as best. This configuration had the highest speech clarity value and lowest values for reverberation time and sound strength. The perceived sound quality could be correlated to speech clarity, while attributes related to speech perception had the strongest association with reverberation time.

scholarly journals Grand Duchess Alexandra Petrovna (nun Anastasia) and the activities of the Pokrovsky monastery-hospital in Kiev in the late XIX and early XX century

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-477
Author(s):  
N N Blokhina
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Novel Treatment ◽  
Work Atmosphere ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Right ◽  
Special Atmosphere

The article describes the activities of the Pokrovsky monastery-hospital in Kiev, created by the efforts of the Grand Duchess Alexandra Petrovna (1838-1900), who took the monastic vows in 1889 under the name Anastasia. The monastery became widely known in the late XIX - early XX century for the highly skilled medical aid provided to the population since its inception up to the events of 1917. It was a unique complex of medical settings located in the same area and equipped with modern medical equipment comparable with the many World’s clinics of that time. In this monastery-hospital, pilgrims with different diseases who came at Pokrovsky monastery in Kiev were provided the required qualified, affordable medical care. Thanks to the Grand Duchess Alexandra Petrovna, her attentive attitude to all the latest innovations, novel treatment methods were developed and introduced to the work of monastery medical settings. In addition, she was able to create a special atmosphere and goodwill towards the sick. But, being engaged in devising new methods of providing medical care to patients, she was able to create a special and inviting atmosphere with respect to the patient. With the ever-increasing circle of her organizational and economic activities, being in charge of the monastery-hospital problems of great importance, Grand Duchess reserved the right to nurse her patients. She worked by vocation, at the behest of the soul. Her example of selfless labor in the monastery medical settings where monastic sisters held the medical staff responsibilities for the patients care was important for all of the staff. Her assistants - Sisters of Charity - she fostered by her own example of selfless aid to a sick person. This favorable work atmosphere was very effective helping cure the sick.

scholarly journals Penerapan Metode Rank Order Centroid dan Additive Ratio Assessment Pada Aplikasi Rekomendasi Supplier

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
Ronny Addenan ◽  
◽  
Wilda Susanti ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Support System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Computerized Decision Support ◽  
K Value ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Right

PT.Yanmarindo Perkasa is a company in the sale of diesel engines, generators, tooling tools and engine spare parts. Many suppliers want to distribute their goods through PT.Yanmarindo Perkasa, thus demanding the company to choose the right supplier, in order to ensure the smooth fulfillment of stock items. The process of selecting suppliers is still done manually with criteria limited to quantitative criteria, so that the process takes a long time and the results are not precise. The purpose of this study is to build a decision support system for supplier recommendations quickly and precisely in meeting the company's needs. The supplier selection process uses the Rank-Order Centroid (ROC) method in weighting the criteria and the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) for ranking. ARAS value obtained is the K value that is ranked to get the best supplier by using a computerized decision support system. The application of these two methods can speed up the results of decisions, does not take a long time and the results obtained are also maximum.

scholarly journals The Circular Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 298-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽  
Marlene De Jesús Morales Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Resources And Capabilities ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this document is to analyze the Circular Economy (CE) model from the point of view of the resources and capacities of the organization. How is the application of the Circular Economy model related to Strategic Management? At first glance, it seems that the CE is operating within an operational level with a social impact, but it also has implications that allow us to think that it can be used as an internal resource of the company that, if applied in the right way, can become a competitive advantage, in other words, the application of the CE is related to Strategic Management through the point of view based on resources and capabilities. Therefore, the present investigation has a descriptive-correlational nature, which was analyzed through Peng's VRIO framework.

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