Claiming Credit: Stories of Movement Influence as Outcomes

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Analytical Problem ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Institutional Politics ◽  
Desirable Outcome ◽  
Short And Long Term

Taking credit for achieving some desirable outcome is an essential element of politics, and the stakes of doing so are particularly high for social protest movements. Popular narratives of social change assign some movements a critical role for promoting change, but ignore the influence of others. Winning acceptance of a preferred narrative of influence is a neglected, but important, social movement outcome. I use disparate stories of movement success in claiming credit to underscore the analytical problem of why some challengers end up deriving credit, both in the short and long term, for their efforts, while others don't. Movement activists and their competitors offer narratives of past influence as a kind of claims-making activity to serve current political goals. In this way, the process of claiming credit is analogous to that of establishing a reputation. I examine contextual factors likely to affect why some social movements, and some social movement actors, may be better positioned, or more interested, in promoting a narrative of their own influence than others. I argue that movement factions that place identifiable individuals in prominent positions in institutional politics are more likely to be able to promote their story of influence, but paradoxically this comes with a narrative that emphasizes the importance of mainstream politics. I conclude with a call for more research on the process and the outcomes of contests for credit.

Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Susan D. Housholder-Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Recommended Care ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Pharmacologic Management ◽  
Short And Long Term

Of the nearly 1.4 million hospitalizations for acute coronary syndromes in 2006, approximately two-thirds were for unstable angina (UA) or non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Given the high risk for in-hospital ischemic events and late mortality in patients with UA/NSTEMI, it is critical to accurately and rapidly diagnose these patients, stratify their level of risk, and provide appropriate pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment that maximizes anti-ischemic benefit and minimizes risk of bleeding. Appropriate in-hospital care following intervention is critical for optimizing both short- and long-term outcomes. However, evidence suggests that up to 26% of opportunities to provide guidelines-recommended care are missed. Nurses can play a critical role in ensuring that patients receive guidelines-based care. This review examines the most recent recommendations for the diagnosis and pharmacologic management of patients with UA/NSTEMI and discusses ways in which nursing staff can contribute to minimizing patient risk and optimizing patient benefit.

Cody’s Books

LOGOS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
David Emblidge
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Street Violence ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The University

Cody’s Books, in Berkeley, California, had its roots during the mid-1950s in the left-wing sympathies of its founders, the husband–wife team of Fred and Patricia Cody. Serving the University of California nearby, the much admired bookstore became a hangout and haven for intellectually curious students and faculty. In the social protest movements of the 1960s, the store functioned as a refuge from street violence as students and police clashed outside. When long-term employee Andy Ross bought the shop upon the Codys’ retirement, it was a thriving business but soon ran into challenges from encroaching chain stores and the emergence of online shopping. Ross responded variously: sometimes with ambitious, effective bookselling tactics, sometimes with ineffective resentment towards consumers who had abandoned the store. Attempts to survive through risky refinancing and the infusion of foreign investment money to support expansion into San Francisco all backfired. The last Cody’s branch closed ignominiously in 2008.

Institutional Distrust, Institutional Participation, and Protest Behavior in the European Social Movement Sector

Contention ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-75
Author(s):  
Matthew Schoene
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Movement Activity ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Institutional Participation

Institutional distrust has become a pervasive element of global society in general and European society in particular. Concurrently, participation in institutions is also declining, raising concerns about the effectiveness of civil society. Distrust of institutions like the political, education, legal-judicial, and law enforcement systems is linked to declining participation in mainstream political behaviors like voting, but it is unclear how individuals’ trust of and participation in certain institutions affects social movement activity and participation in protest. Here, I use recent European protest movements to better understand the link between institutional distrust, institutional participation, and social protest. Using the 7th wave of the European Social Survey, I construct several multilevel mixed-effects logistic regressions predicting participation in four forms of protest: signing petitions, boycotting products, wearing protest badges, and participating in demonstrations. It turns out that, while institutional distrust is moderately and positively linked to certain forms of protest, those who partake in mainstream political institutions are far more likely to participate in all forms of protest.

Predicting the Short- and Long-Term Helpfulness of Premarital Counseling: The Critical Role of Counseling Quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter R. Schumm ◽  
Anthony B. Walker ◽  
R. Roudi Nazarinia ◽  
Darwin A. West ◽  
Cynthia Atwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Premarital Counseling ◽  
Short And Long Term

Nonlinear Hierarchical MPC for Maximizing Aircraft Thermal Endurance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Leister ◽  
Justin P. Koeln
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Thermal Management System ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Control Of Linear Systems ◽  
High Computational Efficiency

Abstract In modern high-performance aircraft, the Fuel Thermal Management System (FTMS) plays a critical role in the overall thermal energy management of the aircraft. Actuator and state constraints in the FTMS limit the thermal endurance and capabilities of the aircraft. Thus, an effective control strategy must plan and execute optimized transient fuel mass and temperature trajectories subject to these constraints over the entire course of operation. For the control of linear systems, hierarchical Model Predictive Control (MPC) has shown to be an effective approach to coordinating both short- and long-term system operation with reduced computational complexity. However, for controlling nonlinear systems, common approaches to system linearization may no longer be effective due to the long prediction horizons of upper-level controllers. This paper explores the limitations of using linear models for hierarchical MPC of the nonlinear FTMS found in aircraft. Numerical simulation results show that linearized models work well for lower-level controllers with short prediction horizons but lead to significant reductions in aircraft thermal endurance when used for upper-level controllers with long prediction horizons. Therefore, a mixed-linearity hierarchical MPC formulation is presented with a nonlinear upper-level controller and a linear lower-level controller to achieve both high performance and high computational efficiency.

Social Movements

2020 ◽  
pp. 365-365
Author(s):  
Marilena Simiti
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis

Greece has a sustained political tradition of social movement activity. From the restoration of democracy in 1974 to the recent financial crisis Greece has experienced numerous episodes of collective action, ranging from peaceful demonstrations to violent protests. This chapter delineates the trajectory of major social movements (the student, feminist, ecological, alter-globalization movements, the anti-austerity protests, the Greek Indignados as well as the urban disruption of December 2008) underlining that social protest has not been pacified in contemporary Greek society. Even though protest is a normal and ubiquitous aspect of political life, social movement activists have not retreated from the use of confrontational protest, nor has political conflict become more institutionalized. On the other hand, the Greek social movement sector has also witnessed significant long-term shifts since 1974, including the diminishing influence of political parties on movements, the transnationalization of contention, and the increased heterogeneity and fluidity of collective identities, as well as the proliferation of non-state-centric forms of political activism. The chapter concludes with some reflections on future challenges for social movement studies in Greece.

scholarly journals Moving Beyond a Peak Mentality: Plateaus, Shoulders, Oscillations and Other ‘Anomalous’ Behavior-Driven Shapes in COVID-19 Outbreaks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Weitz ◽  
Sang Woo Park ◽  
Ceyhun Eksin ◽  
Jonathan Dushoff
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
United States Public Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Disease Dynamics ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Local Levels

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 200,000 reported deaths globally, of which more than 50,000 have been reported in the United States. Public health interventions have had significant impacts in reducing transmission and in averting even more deaths. Nonetheless, in many jurisdictions (both at national and local levels) the decline of cases and fatalities after apparent epidemic peaks has not been rapid. Instead, the asymmetric decline in cases appears, in some cases, to be consistent with plateau- or shoulder-like phenomena. Here we explore a model of fatality-driven awareness in which individual protective measures increase with death rates. In this model, epidemic dynamics can be characterized by plateaus, shoulders, and lag-driven oscillations after exponential rises at the outset of disease dynamics. We also show that incorporating long-term awareness can avoid peak resurgence and accelerate epidemic decline. We suggest that awareness of the severity of the short- and long-term epidemic is likely to play a critical role in disease dynamics, beyond that imposed by intervention-driven policies.

scholarly journals Activists and Non-Activists: Differential Activist Identification in the Tea Party and Occupy Movements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Klein
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Identity Politics ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Tea Party ◽  
Wall Street ◽  
Identity Negotiations ◽  
Short And Long Term

Semantically, “activist” and “activism” are convenient descriptors for participants in social movements and are commonly used by social movement scholars. This study demonstrates, however, that these labels obscure the complex decisions participants make in negotiating their involvement. Few researchers examine the importance of deconstructing traditional assumptions of activist identities and the nuances in activist negotiation and identification. Using qualitative research methods, this paper explores whether social movement participants engage in complex identity negotiations wherein they interactionally situate and critically assess their involvement. This research draws on in-depth interviews conducted with 58 social movement participants from two local-level, contemporary social movements: The Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street Movements. Respondents provided complex narratives about their activist and non-activist identities, which became apparent through analyzing the interviews using thematic coding. The findings show that respondents do negotiate their identities along a spectrum from activist to non-activist through interaction with other participants and critical assessment of their own involvement. These findings also reveal that the process of differential activist identification has short- and long-term implications for participant involvement and collective identity where disagreements over the activist label can fracture the organization and sustainability of a movement. By assessing the ways movement participants identify with activism and how they use their identification through interaction to promote or deconstruct group solidarity, we can begin to explore the consequences of this type of identity politics for contemporary social movements.

Social Movements

2020 ◽  
pp. 365-383
Author(s):  
Marilena Simiti
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Social Protest ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Recent Financial Crisis

Greece has a sustained political tradition of social movement activity. From the restoration of democracy in 1974 to the recent financial crisis Greece has experienced numerous episodes of collective action, ranging from peaceful demonstrations to violent protests. This chapter delineates the trajectory of major social movements (the student, feminist, ecological, alter-globalization movements, the anti-austerity protests, the Greek Indignados as well as the urban disruption of December 2008) underlining that social protest has not been pacified in contemporary Greek society. Even though protest is a normal and ubiquitous aspect of political life, social movement activists have not retreated from the use of confrontational protest, nor has political conflict become more institutionalized. On the other hand, the Greek social movement sector has also witnessed significant long-term shifts since 1974, including the diminishing influence of political parties on movements, the transnationalization of contention, and the increased heterogeneity and fluidity of collective identities, as well as the proliferation of non-state-centric forms of political activism. The chapter concludes with some reflections on future challenges for social movement studies in Greece.

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