Use of modern spinal braces in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Il’ya A. Shavyrin ◽  
Sergey V. Kolesov ◽  
Vitaly Yu. Levkov ◽  
Andrey N. Lobov ◽  
Boris A. Polyaev
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Idiopathic Adolescent Scoliosis ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Daily Training

This review presents an analysis of scientific papers on the conservative treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with spinal braces. Insufficient awareness of brace treatment for spinal deformities is often the reason for the negative attitude of orthopedists toward brace therapy and the conservative treatment of scoliosis in general. In world practice, braces have been the primary and scientifically proven technique for conservative treatment of intermediate forms (grades IIIII) of scoliosis in children and adolescents for over 50 years. Modern spinal braces are active orthopedic products that provide three-dimensional correction of the existing deformity and prevent the progression of scoliosis. The main goal of using braces is to eliminate the pathological displacement of the vertebrae, ribs, and pelvis to a physiological state by applying pressure to specific body areas and actively correcting the deformity. Using a brace is the only non-surgical method to treat scoliosis with scientifically proven efficiency. The poor results of using braces to treat scoliosis are primarily due to insufficient correction in the brace, non-compliance with the wearing time, and the lack of adjunctive therapy. The efficiency of brace therapy depends on three main factors that require the personal involvement of the patient: the time of wearing the corset per day, the degree of correction in the corset, and constant (daily) training of the back muscles. The results of recent multicenter studies confirm the efficiency of using braces to treat idiopathic adolescent scoliosis.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the FED Method in the Treatment of Idiopathic Scoliosis of Girls Aged 11–15 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Sandra Trzcińska ◽  
Kamil Koszela ◽  
Michał Kuszewski
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Type I ◽  
Trunk Rotation ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Scoliosis Treatment ◽  
Double Curve ◽  
Grade Ii

(1) Background: The unknown etiology of idiopathic scoliosis and its three-dimensional nature make the cause-and-effect therapeutic management difficult. A tendency to progression of scoliosis and the failure of many methods of conservative treatment have prompted the search for new methods that would stop and correct deformations. One of them is the FED method, used in the conservative treatment of idiopathic scolioses, in which all scoliotic curves are corrected. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of idiopathic scoliosis treatment with the FED and FITS methods. (2) Methods: The study included 60 randomly selected girls, aged 11 to 15 years, treated with the FED and FITS methods. They were diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis grade II according to Cobb and double-curve scoliosis type I and II according to King–Moe classification. The results of the therapy were assessed with the use of the Bunnell scoliometer. The examinations were performed before the start of the therapy—on the first day of the child’s stay—and 3 weeks after the therapy. The angle of trunk rotation and the sum of two rotations were assessed using a scoliometer. (3) Results: The performed statistical analysis demonstrated significant changes in the examined parameters in both therapeutic groups. (4) Conclusions: 1. The obtained results indicate that the FED therapy may prove to be an effective method of treating idiopathic scoliosis; however, it requires further research in a larger group of patients; 2. both methods significantly improved trunk rotation in primary and secondary scoliosis, but after using summing parameters (SDR parameter), the FED method appeared to be statistically more effective.

scholarly journals Physiotherapy in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis - current recommendations based on the recommendations of SOSORT 2011 (Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Czaprowski ◽  
Tomasz Kotwicki ◽  
Jacek Durmała ◽  
Łukasz Stoliński
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Therapeutic Recommendations ◽  
Conservative And Surgical Treatment ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Corrected Posture

Abstract SOSORT is an international scientific society interested in spinal deformities, including idiopathic scoliosis (IS). One of the main tasks of the society is to provide diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations for all professionals involved in the conservative treatment of patients with IS. As a part of treatment of scoliosis we distinguished conservative and surgical treatment. The main purpose of the conservative treatment is to stop the progression of the curvature. The aim of the therapy is to improve the quality of life, improve the aesthetics and physical capacity as well. An important element of the conservative treatment is the physiotherapy, which can be used as independent part of treatment and as a support of brace and the surgical treatment. SOSORT recommends the use of physiotherapy in the form of Physiotherapeutic Specific Exercises (PSE) and the Special Inpatient Rehabilitation (SIR). PSE used in patients with SI must have confirmed efficacy according to the requirements of the Evidence Based Medicine. Moreover, the therapy should be selected individually and include: (1) three dimensional auto-correction of deformation, (2) training in activities of daily living, (3) stabilizing the corrected posture, and (4) education of the patient and her/his parents. SIR based on 3-4-week hospital or sanatorium stay is recommended especially at the beginning of the treatment process. Physiotherapists undertaking the work with children with IS should: (1) be qualified in the use of PSE, (2) have adequate experience in techniques used in pediatric orthopedics, (3) have the ability to analyze the variability of body posture during development, (4) have the ability to exercise choice depending on the stages of formation of motor skills, and (5) work in the therapeutic team led by physician supervising the treatment.

Conformational characterization of nucleosome structure by Electron Microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Czarnota
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Gene Activation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Macromolecular Complex ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Ionic Environment ◽  
Nucleosome Structure ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Chromatin structure at the fundamental level of the nucleosome is important in vital cellular processes. Recent biochemical and genetic analyses show that nucleosome structure and structural changes are very active participants in gene expression, facilitating or inhibiting transcription and reflecting the physiological state of the cell. Structural states and transitions for this macromolecular complex, composed of DNA wound about a heterotypic octamer of variously modified histone proteins, have been measured by physico-chemical techniques and by enzyme-accessibility and are recognized to occur with various post-translational modifications, gene activation, transformation and with ionic-environment. In spite of studies which indicate various forms of nucleosome structure, all current x-ray and neutron diffraction studies have consistently resulted in only one structure, suggestive of a static conformation. In contrast, two-dimensional electron microscopy studies and three-dimensional reconstruction techniques have yielded different structures. These fundamental differences between EM and other ultrastructural studies have created a long standing quandary, which I have addressed and resolved using spectroscopic electron microscopy and statistical analyses of nucleosome images in a study of nucleosome structure with ionic environment.

scholarly journals Specific sagittal alignment patterns are already present in mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom P. C. Schlösser ◽  
René M. Castelein ◽  
Pierre Grobost ◽  
Suken A. Shah ◽  
Kariman Abelin-Genevois
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Thoracic Kyphosis ◽  
Sagittal Alignment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sagittal Profile ◽  
Thoracolumbar Kyphosis ◽  
C7 Slope ◽  
Sagittal Malalignment

Abstract Purpose The complex three-dimensional spinal deformity in AIS consists of rotated, lordotic apical areas and neutral junctional zones that modify the spine’s sagittal profile. Recently, three specific patterns of thoracic sagittal ‘malalignment’ were described for severe AIS. The aim of this study is to define whether specific patterns of pathological sagittal alignment are already present in mild AIS. Methods Lateral spinal radiographs of 192 mild (10°–20°) and 253 severe (> 45°) AIS patients and 156 controls were derived from an international consortium. Kyphosis characteristics (T4–T12 thoracic kyphosis, T10–L2 angle, C7 slope, location of the apex of kyphosis and of the inflection point) and sagittal curve types according to Abelin-Genevois were systematically compared between the three cohorts. Results Even in mild thoracic AIS, already 49% of the curves presented sagittal malalignment, mostly thoracic hypokyphosis, whereas only 13% of the (thoraco) lumbar curves and 6% of the nonscoliosis adolescents were hypokyphotic. In severe AIS, 63% had a sagittal malalignment. Hypokyphosis + thoracolumbar kyphosis occurred more frequently in high-PI and primary lumbar curves, whereas cervicothoracic kyphosis occurred more in double thoracic curves. Conclusions Pathological sagittal patterns are often already present in curves 10°–20°, whereas those are rare in non-scoliotic adolescents. This suggests that sagittal ‘malalignment’ patterns are an integral part of the early pathogenesis of AIS.

scholarly journals Investigation of in vivo three‐dimensional changes of the spinal canal after corrective surgeries of the idiopathic scoliosis

JOR Spine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaofan Han ◽  
Yong Hai ◽  
Chaochao Zhou ◽  
Peng Yin ◽  
Runsheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Changes

Correlation Between Hump Dimensions and Curve Severity in Idiopathic Scoliosis Before and After Conservative Treatment

Spine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Gabriele Aulisa ◽  
Vincenzo Guzzanti ◽  
Carlo Perisano ◽  
Emanuele Marzetti ◽  
Amerigo Menghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Curve Severity

scholarly journals THE ETIOLOGIC RELEVANCE OF 3-D PATHOANATOMY OF ADOLESCENT IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Tom Schlösser ◽  
Rob Brink ◽  
René Castelein
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Biomechanical Loading ◽  
Cross Sectional Imaging ◽  
Sectional Imaging ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT Despite many years of dedicated research into the etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, there is still no single distinct cause for this puzzling condition. In this overview, we attempt to link knowledge on the complex three-dimensional pathoanatomy of AIS, based on our ongoing research in this field, with etiopathogenic questions. Evidence from multiple recent cross-sectional imaging studies is provided that supports the hypothesis that AIS has an intrinsic biomechanical basis: an imbalance between the biomechanical loading of the upright human spine due to its unique sagittal configuration on the one hand, and the body’s compensating mechanisms on the other. The question that remains in the etiology of AIS, and the focus of our ongoing research, is to determine what causes or induces this imbalance.

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