scholarly journals Diagnosis and prevention of infectious complications of acute pancreatitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
S Yu Ivanusa ◽  
M V Lazutkin ◽  
A V Chebotar
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Minimally Invasive Surgical ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign literature, promising and most frequently used methods of diagnosis and prevention of infectious complications of acute pancreatitis are highlighted. The literature increasingly raises the question of the insufficient efficiency of the study of the concentration of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin samples and suggests new markers of systemic infection. The interest of experts in recent years turned to the study of CD64-neutrophil index, which showed a number of advantages over the previously mentioned methods of diagnosis of infectious complications of acute pancreatitis. Presepsin is actively investigated from humoral markers of inflammation. In prospective studies, he also showed high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pancreatogenic infection. Approaches to the study of the cultural composition of flora in the developed infectious complications have changed. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry and matrix associated laser desorption/ionization combined with time-of-flight separation and ion detection mass spectrometry are successfully used in this field. From the methods of prevention of infectious complications of acute pancreatitis actively investigated the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgical techniques, selective intestinal decontamination, alternative routes of administration of drugs. In this area, the latest trend is the most popular, which is confirmed by publications on the effectiveness of endarterial and endolymphatic administration of antibiotics and other drugs. Unsolved problems of accurate prediction, prevention, timely diagnosis of infectious complications of acute pancreatitis justifies the urgency of the problem and the need for further comprehensive research in this area.

scholarly journals Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry and High-Sensitivity Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Screening of Classic Drugs and New Psychoactive Substances and Metabolites in Urine of Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4000
Author(s):  
Emilia Marchei ◽  
Maria Alias Ferri ◽  
Marta Torrens ◽  
Magí Farré ◽  
Roberta Pacifici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
New Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Resolution Mass

The use of the new psychoactive substances is continuously growing and the implementation of accurate and sensible analysis in biological matrices of users is relevant and fundamental for clinical and forensic purposes. Two different analytical technologies, high-sensitivity gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) were used for a screening analysis of classic drugs and new psychoactive substances and their metabolites in urine of formed heroin addicts under methadone maintenance therapy. Sample preparation involved a liquid-liquid extraction. The UHPLC-HRMS method included Accucore™ phenyl Hexyl (100 × 2.1 mm, 2.6 μm, Thermo, USA) column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of mobile phase A (ammonium formate 2 mM in water, 0.1% formic acid) and mobile phase B (ammonium formate 2 mM in methanol/acetonitrile 50:50 (v/v), 0.1% formic acid) and a full-scan data-dependent MS2 (ddMS2) mode for substances identification (mass range 100–1000 m/z). The GC-MS method employed an ultra-Inert Intuvo GC column (HP-5MS UI, 30 m, 250 µm i.d, film thickness 0.25 µm; Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA) and electron-impact (EI) mass spectra were recorded in total ion monitoring mode (scan range 40–550 m/z). Urine samples from 296 patients with a history of opioid use disorder were examined. Around 80 different psychoactive substances and/or metabolites were identified, being methadone and metabolites the most prevalent ones. The possibility to screen for a huge number of psychotropic substances can be useful in suspected drug related fatalities or acute intoxication/exposure occurring in emergency departments and drug addiction services.

OPPORTUNITIES OF MODERN LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS OF INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
S. Ya. Ivanusa ◽  
A. M. Ivanov ◽  
M. V. Lazutkin ◽  
A. V. Chebotar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Instrumental Methods

A systematic search of literary sources in the abstract databases Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, the Cochrane Library, CyberLeninka, RSCI for 2010-2018. The search queries were: acute pancreatitis and complications, acute pancreatitis and diagnosis, acute pancreatitis and diagnosis and complications, acute pancreatitis and complications, and sepsis. The results of search and analysis of selected literature sources are presented. It was revealed that the currently used set of laboratory and instrumental methods of diagnosis of infectious complications of acute pancreatitis does not fully meet the needs of clinical practice. The most common of them are the determination of blood concentrations Of C-reactive protein and procalcitonin. At the same time, a number of disadvantages of these methods are noted. In the last decade, many new markers of systemic infection have been introduced into clinical practice. Some of them are currently being investigated in order to diagnose systemic infection in General and infectious complications of acute pancreatitis in particular. The most promising are such as presepsin, MID-regional Pro-adrenomedullinum, CD64 neutrophil index and some others.

scholarly journals Rapid and sensitive quantitation of glucose and glucose phosphates derived from storage carbohydrates using gas chromatography mass spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndsay E.A. Young ◽  
Corey O. Brizzee ◽  
Jessica K. A. Macedo ◽  
Matthew S. Gentry ◽  
Ramon C. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Phosphate Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Storage Carbohydrate ◽  
Highly Sensitive

ABSTRACTGlycogen is the primary storage carbohydrate in mammals and it is synthesized in most tissues. Glycogen contains covalently attached phosphate groups on hydroxyls of glucose units. The addition of phosphate modulates branching pattern, granular size, and crystallinity of a glycogen molecule, which all impact its accessibility to glycogen interacting enzymes during catabolism. As glycogen architecture modulates its role in metabolism, it is essential to accurately evaluate and quantify phosphate content in glycogen. Simultaneous quantitation of glucose and its phosphate esters is challenging and requires an assay with high sensitivity and a robust dynamic range. Currently, this method is lacking in the field. Herein, we describe a highly-sensitive method for the detection of both glycogen-derived glucose and glucose-phosphate esters utilizing gas-chromatography coupled mass spectrometry. Using this method, we observed higher glycogen levels in the liver compared to skeletal muscle, but skeletal muscle contained much more phosphate esters. These results confirm previous findings and establish the validity of the method. Importantly, this method can detect femtomole levels of glucose and glucose phosphate esters within an extremely robust dynamic range with excellent accuracy and reproducibility. The method can also be easily adapted for the quantification of glucose from plant starch, amylopectin or other biopolymers as well as covalently attached phosphate within them.

Gold Nanoparticles-Amplified Indirect Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay of BDE-121 Using a Monoclonal Antibody

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 5036-5043
Author(s):  
Yan Qiao ◽  
Qing-Yun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Good Recovery

In this study, we developed a monoclonal antibody against 2,3’,4,5’,6-pentabromodiphenylether (BDE-121) using a synthesized hapten, and established an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IC-ELISA), using gold nanoparticles, to amplify the signal. The monoclonal antibody showed high specificity, with a half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 2.78 ng/mL, towards BDE-121. The developed IC-ELISA exhibited high sensitivity and stability as well as good recovery. The intra-assay deviation is below 6.8% and the inter-assay deviations range from 6.5% to 8.7%. The assay of the actual samples was found to be consistent with those of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).

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