scholarly journals Importance of neurotransmitters in the regulation of the reproductive system

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
Alina O. Ivanova ◽  
Maria I. Yarmolinskaya ◽  
Natalia N. Tkachenko ◽  
Ekaterina A. Kondratyeva
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Pituitary Insufficiency ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Relationship

Hypothesis/aims of study. Recently, due to empowering the improvement of care for patients with traumatic brain injury and creating effective methods of intensive therapy for severe brain lesions of various genesis, there has been a tendency towards an increased number of patients who have gone out of a coma into an unconscious state a vegetative state or an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (BS / UWS). The functions of the brain stem and hypothalamus in patients in a BS / UWS are preserved. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of the relationship between the regulation of sex steroid hormones and the secretion of neurotransmitters. Study design, materials and methods. The study was performed using systematic analysis and compilation of literature data obtained by foreign and domestic authors over the period from 1931 to 2018. Results. This article reviews publications covering the relationship between the regulation of sex steroid hormones and the secretion of neurotransmitters, as well as their effect on the reproductive system. The theory of neurosecretion depicting the mechanisms of positive and negative feedback of the synthesis of neurotransmitters and sex steroid hormones, and the characteristics of the secretion machineries for sex hormones with normogonadotropic and hypogonadotropic pituitary insufficiency, and nonendocrine manifestations of the pathology of the hypothalamus is highlighted in this review. Conclusion. The hormonal profile of patients with chronic disorders of consciousness remains almost unstudied. A further study of the hormonal profile in this patient category will create the prerequisites for the development of pathogenetically substantiated hormone-modifying replacement therapy, which may have a positive effect on the dynamics of recovery of consciousness and improve treatment outcomes.

Reproductive system related endocrine activity in man: B. Sex steroid hormones

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (3_Supplc) ◽  
pp. S40-S42
Author(s):  
D.A. Adamopoulos ◽  
P. Vassilopoulos ◽  
N. Kapolla ◽  
L. Kontogeorgos
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Endocrine Activity

scholarly journals HORMONE-ASSOCIATED METABOLIC DISORDERS OF THE ORAL CAVITY ORGANS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
George Khodorovskyi ◽  
Lyubov Panina ◽  
Tetiana Shchurko
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

There is emerging evidence of a possible relationship between the oral cavity and reproductive organs. Recent studies suggest these functional relations. The aim of this review was to synthesize the available evidence on this relationship. Clinical observation established that sex hormones enhance gingival inflammation in periodontal healthy women during pregnancy and that periodontal condition is associated with variation of sex hormones in blood. Estrogen regulates DNA synthesis in human gingival epithelial cells and periodontal ligament, estrogen reduces down regulation of cytokines. Estrogen and progesterone affect the periodontium via appropriate receptors (estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor). They are localized in human periodontium, demonstrating that periodontal tissues are the target tissues for these hormones. Testosterone receptors are found in the periodontal tissues. It inhibits prostaglandin secretion and reduces interleukin production. At the same time testosterone stimulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, also enhances matrix synthesis by fibroblast, osteoblasts, and periodontal ligament. The role of testosterone in the formation of teeth is demonstrated in the paper. In females and males, in saliva there are sex steroid hormones. The study examined the entry mode of hormones into saliva. The results suggest that lipid soluble unconjugated steroids (estriol, testosterone, progesterone) enter saliva via intracellular route; the conjugated steroids (lipid insoluble (dehydroepiandrosterone, conjugated estrogens)) enter via the ‘tight junctions’ (infiltrations through the tight junctions between the acinar cells). Recent evidence indicates that organs of the oral cavity (salivary glands, periodontal tissues, oral epithelial cells mucus) produce ghrelin-hormone which affects organs of the reproductive system directly or indirectly via hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. In all these organs, there is an appropriate receptor. In conclusion, the organs of oral cavity and organs of reproductive system are functionally linked by sex steroid hormones and ghrelin, besides that periodont can influence ovaries by neuro-reflectory link.  

scholarly journals Sex Steroid Hormones and Cell Dynamics in the Periodontium

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelo Mariotti
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Cell Dynamics ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Use ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Relationship

The biological changes that occur in tissues of the periodontium during puberty, the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, menopause, and oral contraceptive use have heightened interest in the relationship between sex steroid hormones and periodontal health. These clinical observations coupled with tissue specificity of hormone localization, identification of hormone receptors, as well as the metabolism of hormones have strongly suggested that periodontal tissues are targets for androgens, estrogens, and progestins. The etiologies of periodontal endocrinopathies are diverse; nonetheless, periodontal pathologies may be a consequence of the actions and interactions of sex steroid hormones on specific cells found in the periodontium.

scholarly journals Associations between female lung cancer risk and sex steroid hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide epidemiological evidence on endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zeng ◽  
Zhuoyu Yang ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Yan Wen ◽  
Zheng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Exposure ◽  
Female Lung Cancer

Abstract Background Published findings suggest sex differences in lung cancer risk and a potential role for sex steroid hormones. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of sex steroid hormone exposure specifically on the risk of lung cancer in women. Methods The PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for female lung cancer risk associated with sex steroid hormones were calculated overall and by study design, publication year, population, and smoking status. Sensitivity analysis, publication bias, and subgroup analysis were performed. Results Forty-eight studies published between 1987 and 2019 were included in the study with a total of 31,592 female lung cancer cases and 1,416,320 subjects without lung cancer. Overall, higher levels of sex steroid hormones, both endogenous (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.98) and exogenous (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80–0.93), significantly decreased the risk of female lung cancer by 10% (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86–0.95). The risk of lung cancer decreased more significantly with a higher level of sex steroid hormones in non-smoking women (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78–0.99) than in smoking women (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77–1.03), especially in Asia women (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74–0.96). Conclusions Our meta-analysis reveals an association between higher levels of sex steroid hormone exposure and the decreased risk of female lung cancer. Surveillance of sex steroid hormones might be used for identifying populations at high risk for lung cancer, especially among non-smoking women.

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