scholarly journals Peritoneal endometriosis and infertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Е. K. Ailamazyan ◽  
G. A. Savitsky ◽  
D. А. Niauri ◽  
S. M. Gorbushin
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Peritoneal Endometriosis ◽  
Uterine Infertility

Peritoneal endometriosis and infertility in most of patients (in 80%) are pathogenetically conjugated. Both peritoneal endometriosis and infertility are based in ovarian failure. These women have a low endometrial receptivity for blastocysts implantation (retardation development of glands, vessels, and stroma; changes in the microrelief of the epithelium). Even at the beginning of the menstruation patients with peritoneal endometriosis and infertility have cells with a great adhesive and proliferative potential in the endometrium. This kind of cells have an ability for long autonomous existence. Ovarian failure in these women is a promotion factor for development of the retrograde menstruation. In these conditions the endometrial cells with adhesive potential are frequently bringing in the abdominal cavity. Active endometrium heterotopias support the ovarian failure and create conditions for uterine infertility (implantation disorders).

scholarly journals Role of iron overload-induced macrophage apoptosis in the pathogenesis of peritoneal endometriosis

Reproduction ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. R199-R207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Pirdel ◽  
Manijeh Pirdel
Keyword(s):  
Iron Overload ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
No Production ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Peritoneal Endometriosis ◽  
Macrophage Apoptosis ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies

This article presents an overview of the involvement of iron overload-induced nitric oxide (NO) overproduction in apoptosis of peritoneal macrophages of women with endometriosis. We have postulated that the peritoneal iron overload originated from retrograde menstruation or bleeding lesions in the ectopic endometrium, which may contribute to the development of endometriosis by a wide range of mechanisms, including oxidative damage and chronic inflammation. Excessive NO production may also be associated with impaired clearance of endometrial cells by macrophages, which promotes cell growth in the peritoneal cavity. Therefore, further research of the mechanisms and consequences of macrophage apoptosis in endometriosis helps discover novel therapeutic strategies that are designed to prevent progression of endometriosis.

scholarly journals The History of the Discovery of Ectopic Epithelial Cells in Lower Peritoneal Organs: The So-Called Mucosal Invasion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-84
Author(s):  
Marwan Habiba ◽  
Donatella Lippi ◽  
Giuseppe Benagiano
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Direct Infiltration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stepwise Evolution ◽  
Ovarian Endometriomas ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

Through microscopy, early researchers identified the epithelium on the inner surfaces of the uterus, cervix and Fallopian tubes. The identification of ectopic epithelium was gradual, starting from the gross pathology study of unusual cystic lesions. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, attention focused on the epithelium as a critical component. The term ‘adenomyoma’ was coined around eighteen eighty to designate the majority of mucosa-containing lesions. Several theories were advanced to explain its aetiology. In the main, lesions were considered to arise from invasion from uterine epithelium; implantation of endometrium through retrograde menstruation; hematogenous or lymphatic spread; or from embryonic remnants. Although initially widely rejected, around 1920, an almost unanimous consensus formed on the endometrial nature of epithelial invasions. During the following years, adenomyosis and endometriosis came to be used to distinguished lesions within or outside the uterus. Adenomyosis was attributed to direct infiltration of uterine mucosa into the myometrium, and endometriosis to the implantation of endometrial cells and stroma into the peritoneal cavity through retrograde menstruation. Around the same time, ovarian lesions, initially described as ovarian hematomas or chocolate cysts, were regarded as a form of endometriosis. Three variants of endometriosis were thus described: superficial peritoneal, deep nodular and ovarian endometriomas. Ectopic epithelium has long been recognised as having similarities to tubal, or cervical epithelium. Lesions containing mixed epithelium are often termed Müllerianosis. This article demonstrates the stepwise evolution of knowledge, the role of the pioneers and the difficulties that needed to be overcome. It also demonstrates the value of collaboration and the inter-connected nature of the scientific endeavour.

scholarly journals Catamenial pneumothorax with bubbling up on the diaphragmatic defects: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Dong ◽  
Chun-Li Wu ◽  
Yin-liang Sheng ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Guan-Chao Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Lung Lesion ◽  
Parietal Pleura ◽  
Catamenial Pneumothorax ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Thoracic Endometriosis

Abstract Background Catamenial pneumothorax is characterized by spontaneous recurring pneumothorax during menstruation, which is a common clinical manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome. There are still controversies about its pathogenesis. Case presentation A 43-year-old woman with a history of endometriosis came to our hospital due to recurring pneumothorax during menstruation. Uniportal Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) exploration was performed on the eve of menstruating. We thoroughly explored the diaphragm, visceral and parietal pleura: The lung surface was scattered with yellowish-brown implants; no bullae were found; multiple diaphragmatic defects were found on the dome. And surprisingly, we caught a fascinating phenomenon: Bubbles were slipping into pleural cavity through diaphragmatic defects. We excised the diaphragmatic lesions and wedge resected the right upper lung lesion; cleared the deposits and flushed the thoracic cavity with pure iodophor. Diaphragmatic lesions confirmed the presence of endometriosis, and interestingly enough, microscopically, endometrial cells were shedding with impending menses. After a series of intraoperative operations and postoperative endocrine therapy, the disease did not recur after a period of follow-up. Conclusion We have witnessed the typical signs of catamenial pneumothorax at the accurate timing: Not only observed the process of gas migration macroscopically, but also obtained pathological evidence of diaphragmatic periodic perforation microscopically, which is especially precious and confirms the existing theory that retrograde menstruation leads to diaphragmatic endometriosis, and the diaphragmatic fenestration is obtained due to the periodic activities of ectopic endometrium.

scholarly journals Clinical applications of endometrial receptivity tests in patients with recurrent implantation failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Ioan BOLEAC ◽  
◽  
Manuela NEAGU ◽  
Anca CORICOVAC ◽  
Dorina CODREANU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Implantation Failure ◽  
Recurrent Implantation Failure ◽  
Endometrial Cells

Recurrent implantation failure is represented by the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after transfer of at least 4 good-quality embryos in a minimum of 3 fresh or frozen cycles in a woman under the age of 40 years. One of the recent approaches in studying the window of implantation was building the expression profile of the genes of the endometrial cells. We performed a retrospective study which investigated if endometrial receptivity tests improved the outcomes of IVF procedures in patients with recurrent implantation failure. We enrolled 47 couples with RIF and divided them in 2 groups: the first group of 22 couples performed the ERA test and the embryo transfer according to the result of the test; the second group of 27 couples had the embryo transfer done without the ERA test. Our conclusion was that the ERA test did not improve the outcomes for patients with recurrent implantation failure.

scholarly journals Endometrial Infertility in Patients of Late Reproductive age (a review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
K. V. Uryupina ◽  
I. I. Kutsenko ◽  
E. I. Kravtsova ◽  
J. V. Kudlai ◽  
I. I. Kravtsov
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproduction ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Uterine Infertility

Background. Endometrial infertility is a frequent cause of failure in assisted reproduction. Causes of endometrial infertility are manifold and require comprehensive assessment for a successful choice of treatment strategy.Objectives. A review of infertility concepts accounting for endometrial infertility in women of late reproductive age.Methods. Bibliographic analysis: sources for review were mined in the PubMed, MedLine, eLibrary and Cyberleninka databases at a depth of 10 years. Keyword queries were: endometrial factors of infertility, uterine infertility [маточные факторы бесплодия], causes of infertility. Selected articles related to female infertility and, particularly, endometrial factors of infertility. Low-informative articles were not considered.Results. A total of 51 sources were analysed, with 36 selected in the review. The reviewed evidence suggests that endometrial female infertility in late reproductive age is associated with cumulative gynaecological pathology and age-related change adversely impacting endometrial receptivity and synchrony with embryo maturation in assisted reproductive protocols.Conclusion. Determining the functional status of endometrium is prerequisite for the outcome prognosis in assisted reproduction due to feasible failures to conceive with a vital embryo but reduced endometrial receptivity. This observation warrants a timely diagnosis and treatment of endometrial disorders prior to having assisted reproductive interventions. Woman’s age is the main predictor of successful pregnancy in IVF/ICSI protocols. Among the main markers of successful implantation is endometrial thickness. Uterine infertility may relate to impaired local immunity and autoimmune responses in uterine cavity. The most common mechanisms of uterine infertility are associated uterine myoma, endometriosis and endometritis. Women with uterine infertility attempting IVF/ICSI procedures often exhibit asynchronous endometrial development relative to the embryo maturity for implantation.

scholarly journals Decreased Cytotoxicity of Peripheral and Peritoneal Natural Killer Cell in Endometriosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
InCheul Jeung ◽  
Keunyoung Cheon ◽  
Mee-Ran Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Abnormal Immune Response

Endometriosis causes significant chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility and affects 10% of all women. In endometriosis, ectopic endometrium surviving after retrograde menstruation exhibits an abnormal immune response characterized by increased levels of activated macrophages and inflammatory cytokines. Particularly, dysfunctional natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease by either facilitating or inhibiting the survival, implantation, and proliferation of endometrial cells. NK cells in the peritoneum and peritoneal fluid exhibit reduced levels of cytotoxicity in women with endometriosis. Several cytokines and inhibitory factors in the serum and peritoneal fluid also dysregulate NK cell cytotoxicity. Additionally, increased numbers of immature peripheral NK cells and induction of NK cell apoptosis are evident in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis. The high rate of endometriosis recurrence after pharmaceutical or surgical treatment, which is associated with dysfunctional NK cells, indicates that new immunomodulatory management strategies are required. A good understanding of immune dysfunction would enable improvement of current treatments for endometriosis.

Tissue and molecular effects of the cavitated solution in the endometrial receptivity rehabilitation of patients with the uterine infertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
O. A. Melkozerova ◽  
N. V. Bashmakova ◽  
G. N. Chistyakova ◽  
A. V. Esareva ◽  
O. G. Barlit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Molecular Effects ◽  
Uterine Infertility

scholarly journals Decreased Indian hedgehog signaling activates autophagy in endometriosis and adenomyosis

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Zhou ◽  
Yangying Peng ◽  
Qingqing Xia ◽  
Dewen Yan ◽  
Huiping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Indian Hedgehog ◽  
Marker Protein ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Molecule Inhibitor ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
Autophagic Activity

Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling regulates endometrial receptivity and is an indispensable mediator of embryonic implantation. Hedgehog signaling is known to regulate autophagy, and aberrant regulation of autophagy is critically implicated in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis. However, potential dysregulation of Ihh signaling and its role in autophagy modulation in these diseases remain obscure. In this study, we found that components of Ihh signaling were significantly decreased, whereas the autophagy marker protein, LC3BII, was significantly increased in endometrial tissues of women with endometriosis or adenomyosis. Inhibition of Ihh signaling with the small molecule inhibitor, GANT61, or Gli1 silencing in primary endometrial stromal cells increased autophagic activity, as measured by the LC3 turnover assay and tandem mCherry-eGFP-LC3B fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we observed that GANT61 treatment significantly attenuated hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death, whereas disruption of autophagy with chloroquine diminished this effect. Collectively, these findings reveal that Ihh signaling is suppressed in endometrial tissues of patients with endometriosis or adenomyosis. This abnormal decrease may contribute to endometrial autophagy activation, which may promote aberrant survival of endometrial cells in ectopic sites in these two gynecological diseases.

Chronic endometritis in women with endometriosis-associated infertility

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Mekan R. Orazov ◽  
Victor E. Radzinsky ◽  
Snezhana V. Volkova ◽  
Marina B. Khamoshina ◽  
Ludmila M. Mikhaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Endometrial Receptivity ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Adaptation Mechanisms

The article highlights modern ideas about the role of the endometrium in the genesis of reproductive failures. A crucial place of chronic endometritis in the structure of the endometrial infertility factor in endometriosis is noted. Given the frequent association of chronic endometritis and endometriosis, common features of these diseases have been identified. The characteristic of endometrial microbiota in infertility, chronic endometritis and endometriosis is given. An extremely important area of scientific research is precisely the interaction between the microbiota of the endometrium and its immunity, and not just the confirmation of the presence of microorganisms in the endometrium. The modern aspects of the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic endometritis and endometriosis are described. The main pathogenetic determinants of chronic endometritis are the failure of adaptation mechanisms to the constant effects of microbes and, as a consequence, the decrease and inferiority of the immune response and the development of autoimmune reactions. The modern paradigm for the development and progression of endometriosis involves the presence of bacterial contamination of the endometrium and the abdominal cavity, which in turn becomes a trigger for genetically-epigenetic modifications of cells, launching different cascades that underlie reproductive function disorders. The pathogenetically significant relationship between chronic endometritis and endometriosis is highlighted. It was revealed that chronic endometritis can be both a cause and a consequence of endometriosis. Disorders of the endometrial receptivity in chronic endometritis associated with endometriosis, their importance in the implementation of endometrial infertility are described. The important role of the microbiome in the formation of reproductive disorders is noted.

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