scholarly journals Peculiarities of HIV-positive patients coinfection with hepatitis C virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-908
Author(s):  
D V Pavlov ◽  
D Kh Shakirova ◽  
N I Galiullin ◽  
F I Nagimova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Definition Of

The review of publications on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) «satellite» infections - hepatitis B and C was made. 1329 articles published in the last 10 years concerning the problem of HIV and hepatitis B and C co-infection were found in PubMed database. The problem of viral hepatitis in HIV-infected patients remains extremely relevant nowadays. Results of numerous European studies indicate that chronic hepatitis C is ranked fifth in the list of death causes of HIV-infected patients. Most researchers agree on a more severe course of chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients. Viral hepatitis is found in 7 out of 10 HIV-infected patients. The problem of antiretroviral drugs hepatotoxicity is still not resolved. Hepatitis C viral load is generally higher in HIV-infected patients than that of HIV-negative, and the probability of progression to cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma in HIV-infected patients is 3 times higher. So the problem of HIV and viral hepatitis co-infection requires a better understanding of co-infection treatment features, the definition of clear criteria for effectiveness and safety of therapy of HIV-infected patients co-infected with viral hepatitis B and C.

Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Chronic Viral Hepatitis B and C Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-401
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Fibrosis Stage ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B

Background: Chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic viral hepatitis C (CHC) are important causes of chronic liver disease and cancer development in patients with progressive fibrosis, which are often associated with hepatic steatosis. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in Thai CHB and CHC patients and its correlation with fibrosis stage. Materials and Methods: The authors examined the liver biopsy findings of CHB and CHC patients diagnosed at Srinagarind Hospital between 2016 and 2018. Routine Hematoxylin and Eosin staining with PAS, and Masson trichrome staining were used to evaluate fibrosis and steatosis histology according to the METAVIR and SAF scoring systems. The association were evaluated by chi-square, Fisher’s exact, and Spearman’s correlation tests with statistical significance defined as p-value less than 0.05. Results: One hundred thirty-eight cases were examined. The mean age of the patients was 45 years. Chronic hepatitis C was detected in 96 patients (69.6%), and CHB was detected in 42 patients (30.4%). Liver biopsies showed steatosis in 73 patients (52.9%; grade 1: 67.1%, grade 2: 19.2%, and grade 3: 13.7%). Steatosis was associated with viral hepatitis profile (OR 2.534, 95% CI 1.087 to 5.904, p=0.031); however, the METAVIR fibrosis stage associated with the age of the patient (OR 1.059, 95% CI 1.012 to 1.109, p=0.014) and METAVIR activity (OR 4.924, 95% CI 2.443 to 9.967, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Hepatic steatosis is commonly present in Thai CHC and CHB patients, and especially in the former. Steatosis was associated with viral hepatitis profile. Hepatic fibrosis is associated only with the age of the patient and METAVIR activity. Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B, Chronic hepatitis C, Steatosis, Fibrosis, METAVIR, SAF score, Liver biopsy

Chronic viral hepatitis and inflammatory bowel disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
G.V. Volynets ◽  
◽  
A.I. Khavkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Immunosuppressive Therapy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

The article presents the results of a literature review devoted to the study of the problems of the combined course of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), and chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) – chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The frequency of occurrence of CHB and CHC in IBD in different countries is presented, which ranges from 1 to 9%. The clinical course of these combined diseases, the possibility of reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) during immunosuppressive therapy are described. Recommendations on the specifics of examination and management of patients with combined pathology of IBD and CVH are presented. Conclusion. The combined pathology of IBD and CVH is a significant public health problem around the world that requires further large-scale study. The use of immunosuppressive therapy for IBD can be accompanied by the activation of HBV and HCV infection, therefore, the management of such patients should be individualized. Key words: inflammatory bowel disease, chronic hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis C, immunosuppressive therapy

scholarly journals Ribavirin Quantification in Combination Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Larrat ◽  
Françoise Stanke-Labesque ◽  
Agnès Plages ◽  
Jean-Pierre Zarski ◽  
Germain Bessard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Ribavirin in combination with alpha 2 interferon is the consensus treatment for chronic hepatitis C. However, recent preliminary pharmacological studies have suggested that the bioavailability of ribavirin displays great interindividual variability. In order to monitor serum ribavirin levels during combination treatment, we developed and validated a quantitative assay using an approach adaptable for routine hospital laboratories. The method involved solid-phase extraction on phenyl boronic acid cartridges followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a C18-bonded silica column and a mobile phase containing 10 mM ammonium phosphate buffer (with the pH adjusted to 2.5) and UV detection (207 nm). The sensitivity, recovery, linearity of the calibration curve, intra- and interassay accuracies, precision, and stability at 4°C were consistent with its use in the laboratory routine. In addition, other nucleoside analogues sometimes used with ribavirin in patients coinfected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus did not interfere with the quantification of ribavirin levels. The ribavirin concentration was quantified in 24 serum samples from patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with a combination of ribavirin and alpha 2 interferon. The mean serum ribavirin concentration was 2.67 ± 1.06 μg/ml (n = 24) at week 12 of treatment (W12) and 3.24 ± 1.35 μg/ml (n = 24) at week 24 of treatment (W24). In addition, ribavirin concentrations displayed high interindividual variabilities: the coefficients of variation of the serum ribavirin concentrations adjusted to the administered dose were 44 and 48% at W12 and W24, respectively. Moreover, the ribavirin concentration was higher in patients with a sustained virological response (n = 11) than in patients with treatment failure (n = 13), with significant intergroup differences at W12 (P = 0.030) and W24 (P = 0.049). The present study describes a simple analytical method for the quantification of ribavirin in human serum that could be a useful tool for the monitoring of ribavirin concentrations in HCV-infected patients in order to improve the efficacy and safety of therapy with ribavirin plus interferon.

scholarly journals Comparing the safety, tolerability and quality of life in patients with chronic hepatitis B vs chronic hepatitis C treated with peginterferon alpha-2a

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Marcellin ◽  
George K. K. Lau ◽  
Stefan Zeuzem ◽  
E. Jenny Heathcote ◽  
Paul J. Pockros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B

scholarly journals Cytokine profile during occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Rodrigues de Almeida Ribeiro ◽  
Nathalia Alves Araújo de Almeida ◽  
Katrini Guidolini Martinelli ◽  
Marcia Amendola Pires ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Brandao Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Occult Hepatitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Occult Hepatitis B

Abstract Background The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the leading causes of acute, chronic and occult hepatitis (OBI) representing a serious public health threat. Cytokines are known to be important chemical mediators that regulate the differentiation, proliferation and function of immune cells. Accumulating evidence indicate that the inadequate immune responses are responsible for HBV persistency. The aim of this study were to investigate the cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17A in patients with OBI and verify if there is an association between the levels of these cytokines with the determination of clinical courses during HBV occult infection. Methods 114 patients with chronic hepatitis C were investigated through serological and molecular tests, the OBI coinfected patients were subjected to the test for cytokines using the commercial human CBA kit. As controls, ten healthy donors with no history of liver disease and 10 chronic HBV monoinfected patients of similar age to OBI patients were selected. Results Among 114 HCV patients investigated, 11 individuals had occult hepatitis B. The levels of cytokines were heterogeneous between the groups, most of the cytokines showed higher levels of production detection among OBI/HCV individuals when compared to control group and HBV monoinfected pacients. We found a high level of IL-17A in the HBV monoinfected group, high levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-2 in OBI/HCV patients. Conclusion These cytokines could be involved in the persistence of HBV DNA in hepatocytes triggers a constant immune response, inducing continuous liver inflammation, which can accelerate liver damage and favor the development of liver cirrhosis in other chronic liver diseases.

Intrahepatic immune infiltrate in chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C: Similar but not the same

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Graciela Giadans ◽  
Daniela Alejandra Ríos ◽  
Beatriz Ameigeiras ◽  
Leila Haddad ◽  
Elena Noemí De Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Immune Infiltrate
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