Regional Seismic Characteristics of Chemical Explosions on the Eastern Margin of the Junggar Basin, Northwest China, and of Historical Semipalatinsk Nuclear Tests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Lian-Feng Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Bi Xie ◽  
Xi He ◽  
Zhen-Xing Yao
Keyword(s):  
Junggar Basin ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Eastern Margin ◽  
The North ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Tests ◽  
Chemical Explosions ◽  
Natural Earthquakes

ABSTRACT The applicability of the empirical magnitude–yield relations developed for northeast China and Korean Peninsula explosions was investigated for data from northwest China. We collected regional broadband digital seismic data from 13 chemical explosions (CEx) detonated between 6 September and 10 October 2018, on the eastern margin of the Junggar basin, northwest China, five nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, and eight natural earthquakes. Both Lg and Rayleigh-wave magnitudes (mb(Lg) and Ms, respectively) were estimated for these events. Similar to the North Korean test site, the mb(Lg)–Ms discriminant did not properly distinguish explosions from natural earthquakes at the Semipalatinsk test site. However, network-averaged P/S spectral ratios (Pg/Lg, Pn/Lg, and Pn/Sn) did successfully discriminate explosions from earthquakes at both the North Korean and the Semipalatinsk test sites at frequencies above 2.0 Hz. Based on 13 known-yield CEx, we selected an empirical magnitude–yield relation to constrain the explosive yields of five historical nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk test site. The resulting yields are lower than those previously obtained from teleseismic observations.

scholarly journals Around Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site: Progress of dose Estimations Relevant to the Consequences of Nuclear Tests

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (SupplementA) ◽  
pp. A1-A13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy F. STEPANENKO ◽  
Masaharu HOSHI ◽  
Ian K. BAILIFF ◽  
Alexander I. IVANNIKOV ◽  
Shin TOYODA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Tests

Chronological List of Nuclear Tests at the Semipalatinsk Test Site and Their Radiation Effects

Nuclear Tests ◽  
1998 ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Matuschenko ◽  
G. A. Tsyrkov ◽  
A. K. Chernyshov ◽  
Yu. V. Dubasov ◽  
G. A. Krasilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Tests

scholarly journals THE FACTOR OF IONIZING RADIATION AND THYROID CANCER IN WOMEN IN THE ALTAI KRAI

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
A. F Lazarev ◽  
Ya. N Shoikhet ◽  
L. F Pisareva ◽  
Valentina D. Petrova ◽  
S. A Terekhova
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Tests

The purpose of the study was to study the dynamics of the incidence of thyroid cancer in the female population of the Altai Territory during the period of 1992-2016. Studies were performed with the use of data of the patient register of thyroid cancer, including information on 3026 women, with the use of methods of modern medical statistics. Intensive and standardized indices were calculated for the female population, resided near to traces of nuclear explosions executed at the Semipalatinsk test site, in the zone of the most significant radiation doses (the Main group). As a comparison, incidence rates of the remaining population of the Altai Territory (the Comparison group) and average values for the region were used. The article presents results of a descriptive epidemiological study of the incidence of thyroid cancer in the Altai Territory over 25 years (1992-2016). The results of the probabilistic association of the incidence of thyroid cancer with the ionizing radiation factor due to nuclear tests at the Semipalatinsk test site were obtained. The dynamics of the incidence of thyroid cancer by the data for five-years periods (averaged data): 1992-1996; 1997-2001; 2002-2006; 2007-2011 and 2012-2016 was studied in various territories of the Altai Territory: both on the traces of nuclear explosions - the main group, and in the rest territory (the comparison group), indices of average values for the regions. There were revealed the dynamics of the incidence of thyroid cancer in tens of years after nuclear tests in the population living in the zone with the most significant doses of radiation and its gradual decrease, due to rehabilitation measures. New approaches to the formation of high cancer risk groups for thyroid cancer in the Altai Territory are substantiated.

Full Moment Tensor Solutions of U.S. Underground Nuclear Tests for Event Screening and Yield Estimation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Pasyanos ◽  
Andrea Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Moment Tensor ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Event Identification ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Explosion Monitoring ◽  
Yield Determination ◽  
Nuclear Tests ◽  
Chemical Explosions ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
Full Moment Tensor

ABSTRACT Moment tensor (MT) solutions are proving increasingly valuable in explosion monitoring, especially now that they are more routinely calculated for the unconstrained, full (six component) MT. In this study, we have calculated MTs for U.S. underground nuclear tests conducted at the Nevada National Security Site using seismic recordings primarily from the Livermore Nevada Network. We are able to determine them for 130 nuclear explosions from 1970 to 1996 for a range of yields and under a variety of material conditions, which we have supplemented with 10 additional chemical explosions at the test site. The result is an extensive database of MTs that can be used to assess the performance of important monitoring tasks such as event identification and yield determination. We test the explosion event screening on the fundamental lune of the MT eigensphere and find MT screening to be a robust discriminant between earthquakes and explosions. We then explore the estimation of moment-derived yield, in which we find that material properties are the largest contributor to differences in the estimated moment-to-yield ratio. Further research conducted on this dataset can be used to develop, test, and improve various explosion monitoring methodologies.

Estimation of Long-Term Consequences of Nuclear Tests at the Semipalatinsk Test Site for the Altai Population

Nuclear Tests ◽  
1998 ◽  
pp. 157-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakov N. Shoikhet ◽  
Anatoly I. Algazin ◽  
Valery I. Kiselev ◽  
Evgeny V. Zaitsev ◽  
Vladimir B. Kolyado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Tests ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Hydrological Behaviour of Tritium on the Former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (Kazakhstan) Determined using Stable Isotope Measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pourcelot ◽  
L. León Vintró ◽  
P.I. Mitchell ◽  
M. Burkitbayev ◽  
B. Uralbekov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Tritium Activity ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Lake Waters

<p>Tritium and stable isotope (deuterium <sup>2</sup>H and <sup>18</sup>O) concentrations have been determined in natural waters collected from shallow lakes, wells, streams and rivers inside and in the vicinity of the former Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site (NE Kazakhstan). The Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS) was one of the main proving grounds for the testing of nuclear weapons by the former Soviet Union. Tritium activity concentrations have been determined by liquid scintillation counting, while hydrogen isotopic composition have been determined using a GV-Isoprime mass spectrometer coupled to an elemental analyzer. Tritium activity concentrations recorded in lake waters (in most cases &gt;10 Bq L<sup>-1</sup>) were significantly higher than those in well, stream and the Irtysh River waters. In lake waters, enrichments in deuterium and <sup>18</sup>O (δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O varying between –5 and –64 ‰ V-SMOW and –8.4 and +5.5 ‰ V-SMOW, respectively), and high salt concentrations, strongly suggest that significant evaporation has occurred. In contrast, deuterium and tritium signatures of common’ surface and underground waters at the STS were mostly typical of present-day isotope backgrounds of natural waters in NE Kazakhstan. In STS, come salt lakes like Bajansor and Tumatsor with elevated tritium activity from 12 to 15 Bq L<sup>-1</sup> lie close to the Global Meteoric Water Line. The potential tritium source for these lakes is residual concentration of tritium after former nuclear test in STS. The study provides evidence to show that export of tritium from underground nuclear test areas and tritium enrichment produced by evaporation are both important determinants of tritium concentrations in standing waters on the Semipalatinsk test site.</p>

scholarly journals Scientometric Visualisation of the Documentary Array on Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-161
Author(s):  
Valentina V Rykova ◽  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Busygina
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Nuclear Test ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Semipalatinsk Test Site ◽  
Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site ◽  
Scientific Meetings ◽  
Analytical Services

The article presents the analysis of a documentary array on Semipalatinsk nuclear test site using analytical services of the Web of Science database. It identifies the authors, organisations, countries, leading in the publications number at the research field. Shows the journals in which articles on the studied problem are published most frequently. Enumerates scientific meetings where the problems of Semipalatinsk test site were discussed and identifies the most cited publications. Using CiteSpace software, the paper reveals and visualises research fronts and its intellectual bases by means clustering and cluster automated labelling of Semipalatinsk test site papers co-citation network. Document co-citation network and research clusters are revealed using CiteSpace software. It shows, that studies are related to research of medical and biological (genetic changes, diseases as a result of ionizing radiation) effects of nuclear tests and its effects on the environmental situation (degree of contamination of the territory); the effectiveness of various dosimetry methods to determine the degree of radiation exposure on living organisms and objects of inanimate nature. The work represents scientometric visualisation of the documentary array showing research trends on Semipalatinsk nuclear test site.

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