The destruction of Bahia Solano, Colombia, on September 26, 1970 and the rejuvenation of a fault

1971 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1049
Author(s):  
J. E. Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Main Shocks ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sea Coast

abstract On September 26, 1970, three main earthquakes, followed by over 300 aftershocks, caused havoc in Puerto Mutis and neighboring towns on the Pacific Coast of the Department of Chocó, Colombia. It was the first time in the seismic history of Colombia that an old fault showed clear signs of rejuvenation. The total earthquake damage is calculated as $200,000. Although no one was killed, and only two people injured, 39 per cent of a total of 287 houses collapsed completely, and one-third of the 2,400 frightened inhabitants of Puerto Mutis were evacuated through the good offices of the Navy and Air Force, by air and sea, these being the only means of transport between Puerto Mutis and the interior of Colombia. Most of the hypocenters were normal. However, the three main shocks of September 26 had depths of about 10 km only. They took place at 12h02m29s and 14h57m02s on September 26 and at 03h38m36s on September 27 (G.M.T.). These earthquakes were felt in the central and northwestern part of the Republic and caused minor damage in the nearby towns of the sea coast.

scholarly journals New Records of Rare Psychrolutid Fishes (Psychrolutidae) in the Sea of Okhotsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-684
Author(s):  
P. A. Saveliev
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
New Records ◽  
Kuril Islands ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northern Pacific ◽  
First Time

Abstract Two rare species of psychrolutid fish (Psychrolutidae) were found in the Sea of Okhotsk. Psychrolutes dolganovi was found at a depth of 142 m near Urup Island (southern Kuril Islands); earlier the species was known only from the holotype collected off the Pacific coast of Iturup Island. This species is recorded in the Sea of Okhotsk for the first time. P. pustulosus was collected at depths of 205–400 m along central part of Kuril Islands and in the northwestern part of the Sea of Okhotsk at depths of 240–294 m. A key to the species of the genus Psychrolutes inhabiting the northern Pacific Ocean is presented.

scholarly journals Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids IV. Schlechter's "network": Venezuela and Colombia

Lankesteriana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ossenbach ◽  
Rudolf Jenny
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
South American ◽  
History Of Botany ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
First Time

The fourth chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids again presents abridged biographical information about the botanists and orchid collectors that formed part of Schlechter’s South-American network and who traveled and worked in those countries on the continent’s northern and Caribbean coasts, through Venezuela and Colombia. In the case of Colombia, we cross the isthmus of Darien and arrive for the first time on the Pacific coast of South America. As in other chapters, brief geographical and historical introductory outlines are presented for each of these countries, followed by a narrative on those orchidologists who visited the area, chronologically by the dates of their botanical collections. Keywords/Palabras clave: biography, biografía, history of botany, historia de la botánica, Orchidaceae

Sexual Maturity, Fecundity, Spawning, and Early Life History of Sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) off the Pacific Coast of Canada

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2126-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mason ◽  
R. J. Beamish ◽  
G. A. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Anoplopoma Fimbria ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Male To Female

Analysis of ichthyoplankton surveys and maturity states showed that sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) spawn along the entire Pacific coast of Canada from January through April with peak spawning occurring in February. Spawning took place at depths greater than 300 m all along the continental slope and did not entail a noticeable spawning migration. Fifty percent of females and males spawned for the first time at an age of approximately 5 yr. Length at 50% maturity was approximately 58 cm for females and 52 cm for males. The adult male to female ratio during the spawning seasons of 1980 and 1981 was approximately 1:3 and was 1:1.5 during all other sampling periods. The sex ratio of juveniles was 1:1. Fecundity estimates are described by the equation F = 1.11987FL2.8244. After hatching in March and April, postlarvae moved into the surface waters and were found > 180 km offshore in late March. Juveniles were found in inside waters in July and August, attaining a length of 9 cm by early August. Juveniles may remain in inside waters until maturity when they return to the spawning areas.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

Institutions of Ancient Roman Law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Capogrossi Colognesi
Keyword(s):  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Roman Law ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Family Wealth ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Unique Source ◽  
First Time

This chapter gives a rapid overview of the history of Roman public and private institutions, from their early beginning in the semi-legendary age of the kings to the later developments of the Imperial age. A turning point has been the passage from the kingdom to the republic and the new foundation of citizenship on family wealth, instead of the exclusiveness of clan and lineages. But still more important has been the approval of the written legislation of the XII Tables giving to all citizens a sufficient knowledge of the Roman legal body of consuetudinary laws. From that moment, Roman citizenship was identified with personal freedom and the rule of law. Following political and military success, between the end of IV and the first half of III century bce Rome was capable of imposing herself as the central power in Italy and the western Mediterranean. From that moment Roman hegemony was exercised on a growing number of cities and local populations, organized in the form of Roman of Latin colonies or as Roman municipia. Only in the last century bce were these different statutes unified with the grant of Roman citizenship to all Italians. In this same period the Roman civil law, which was applied to private litigants by the Roman praetors, had become a very complex and sophisticated system of rules. With the empire the system did not change abruptly, although the Princeps did concentrate in his hands the last power of the judiciary and became the unique source of new legislation. In that way, for the first time, the Roman legal system was founded on rational and coherent schemes, becoming a model, which Antiquity transmitted to the late medieval Europe.

“Filipinos are the Dandies of the Foreign Colonies”: Race, Labor Struggles, and the Transpacific Routes of Hollywood and Philippine Films, 1924–1948

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-403
Author(s):  
Denise Khor
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Cultural Encounters ◽  
Movie Theaters ◽  
Japanese Immigrants ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western City ◽  
Urban Leisure ◽  
The U.S

In the 1930s and 1940s Filipino laborers, many of whom were en route to agricultural hubs on the Pacific Coast, packed into movie theaters owned by Japanese immigrants to view Hollywood and Philippine-produced films. These cultural encounters formed an urban public sphere that connected both sides of the Pacific. Filipino patrons remade their public identities and communities through their consumption of film and urban leisure in the western city. This article traces this localized history of spectatorship and exhibition in order to reconsider prevailing understandings of the history of the U.S. West and the rise of cinema and mass commercial culture in the early twentieth century.

scholarly journals Framing "Nova Albion": Marking possession in Richard Hakluyt’s The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation

Sederi ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Colm MacCrossan
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Sir Walter Ralegh ◽  
History Of ◽  
Territorial Claims

This article examines the textual framing of a cluster of items in Richard Hakluyt’s The Principal Navigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoveries of the English Nation (1598-1600) relating to the area on the Pacific coast of North America that Francis Drake named “Nova Albion.” Contextualised in relation to the colonial programmes of Sir Humphrey Gilbert and Sir Walter Ralegh, it explores how a variety of editorial techniques combine to encourage a particular understanding of the history of exploration in this region that privileges English territorial claims over those of Spain. What is revealed is a delicate negotiation of the tensions raised by Hakluyt’s use of pre-existing, mainly non-English materials to attempt to legitimise Drake’s actions by aligning them with the Spanish conquistadorial tradition, while at the same time down-playing the extent and significance of previous Spanish activity in that region.

scholarly journals Traces and Representations of the U.S.-Mexico Frontera

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-172
Author(s):  
Katherine G. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
The United States ◽  
Border Region ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Visual History

The following was the author’s presidential address at the annual meeting of the Pacific Coast Branch, American Historical Association, in Northridge, California, on August 4, 2017. The twentieth-century visual history of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, la frontera, offers a rich set of representations of the shared border environments. Photographs, distributed in the United States and in Mexico, allow us to trace emerging ideas about the border region and the politicized borderline. This essay explores two border visualization projects—one centered on the Mexican Revolution and the visual vocabulary of the Mexican nation and the other on the repeat photography of plant ecologists—that illustrate the simultaneous instability and power of borders.

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