scholarly journals Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids IV. Schlechter's "network": Venezuela and Colombia

Lankesteriana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ossenbach ◽  
Rudolf Jenny
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
South American ◽  
History Of Botany ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
First Time

The fourth chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids again presents abridged biographical information about the botanists and orchid collectors that formed part of Schlechter’s South-American network and who traveled and worked in those countries on the continent’s northern and Caribbean coasts, through Venezuela and Colombia. In the case of Colombia, we cross the isthmus of Darien and arrive for the first time on the Pacific coast of South America. As in other chapters, brief geographical and historical introductory outlines are presented for each of these countries, followed by a narrative on those orchidologists who visited the area, chronologically by the dates of their botanical collections. Keywords/Palabras clave: biography, biografía, history of botany, historia de la botánica, Orchidaceae

scholarly journals Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids V. Schlechter's "network": Ecuador and Peru

Lankesteriana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ossenbach ◽  
Rudolf Jenny
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
South America ◽  
South American ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
History Of Botany ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
History Of

The fifth chapter of the series about Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids introduces us to those botanists and orchid collectors who travelled and worked in Ecuador and Peru and supplied Schlechter with many of the new orchid species he described. As in previous chapters, the biographies and accomplishments of these travellers are preceded by brief geographical and historical outlines for each of these countries. It is worth mentioning that the lives and orchids of such prominent figures in the orchidology of South America as F.C. Lehmann, W. Hennis, E. Bungeroth and E. Ule, who collected in Ecuador and Peru, have already been mentioned in previous chapters and are therefore omitted here. Keywords/Palabras clave: biography, biografía, history of botany, historia de la botánica, Orchidaceae For accessing the high-resolution PDF, please follow this link: https://n9.cl/836os  

scholarly journals Rudolf Schlechter's South-American orchids I. Historical and bibliographical background

Lankesteriana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Ossenbach ◽  
Rudolf Jenny
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
South American ◽  
Individual Country ◽  
History Of Botany ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Flora Of South America ◽  
Complete Bibliography

This study represents the first part of a series dedicated to the work of Rudolf Schlechter on the orchid flora of South America. The historical background of Schlechter’s botanical activity is outlined, and salient aspects of his biography, as well as his main scientific relationships, in particular with Oakes Ames, and the origins of his interest in tropical America are discussed. We also present a complete bibliography relative to Schlechter’s production on the orchid floras of South American countries, with his network of orchid collectors, growers and other purveyors, and checklists of all the new taxa that he described from each individual country.   Key words: bibliography, biography, history of botany, Orchidaceae, South America

The destruction of Bahia Solano, Colombia, on September 26, 1970 and the rejuvenation of a fault

1971 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 1041-1049
Author(s):  
J. E. Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Main Shocks ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sea Coast

abstract On September 26, 1970, three main earthquakes, followed by over 300 aftershocks, caused havoc in Puerto Mutis and neighboring towns on the Pacific Coast of the Department of Chocó, Colombia. It was the first time in the seismic history of Colombia that an old fault showed clear signs of rejuvenation. The total earthquake damage is calculated as $200,000. Although no one was killed, and only two people injured, 39 per cent of a total of 287 houses collapsed completely, and one-third of the 2,400 frightened inhabitants of Puerto Mutis were evacuated through the good offices of the Navy and Air Force, by air and sea, these being the only means of transport between Puerto Mutis and the interior of Colombia. Most of the hypocenters were normal. However, the three main shocks of September 26 had depths of about 10 km only. They took place at 12h02m29s and 14h57m02s on September 26 and at 03h38m36s on September 27 (G.M.T.). These earthquakes were felt in the central and northwestern part of the Republic and caused minor damage in the nearby towns of the sea coast.

Spanish South American Mainland

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
South American ◽  
African Slave ◽  
Spanish Conquest ◽  
Domestic Servants ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
African Slaves ◽  
History Of

This article reviews scholarship on the history and historiography of slavery in the Spanish South American Mainland. The history of African slaves on the South American mainland began with the Spanish conquistadors in the early sixteenth century. Already present in the West Indies and Mexico following the Spanish conquest and settlement of those areas, slaves now became involved in the expansion of Spanish rule southward. Small numbers accompanied the conquistadors along the Pacific coast. While most of the African slaves and slaves of African descent who participated in the conquest were soon freed, thereby establishing the roots of a growing and important free coloured population, thousands more arrived in their footsteps. In the process, the role of the African slave changed significantly. Initially, the majority of the slaves had been retainers and servants of the conquistadors who used some of the looted wealth of the Incas to acquire what was essentially an expensive status symbol. And while the slave as status symbol remained a constant throughout the history of slavery in Spanish South America, the vast majority of the new imports were destined to occupy far more demanding and onerous positions as manual labourers and domestic servants.

scholarly journals Size at maturity of the Pacific bearded brotula (Ophidiidae: Brotula clarkae): a commercially exploited species in the Pacific of Costa Rica

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-661
Author(s):  
Marcela Herrera ◽  
Tayler M. Clarke ◽  
Beatriz Naranjo-Elizondo ◽  
Mario Espinoza ◽  
Ingo S. Wehrtmann
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
South American ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Shrimp Fishery ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Size At Sexual Maturity ◽  
Management Approaches

The deep-water shrimp fishery is of great commercial importance along the Pacific coast of Latin America. In Costa Rica, shrimp resources have declined considerably over the last decade. Therefore, fisheries have shifted towards teleost species such as the Pacific bearded brotula Brotula clarkae. Little is known about the biology and life history of this species, which is becoming increasingly valuable to artisanal and semiindustrial fishers in Costa Rica. A sample of 348 B. clarkae was obtained along the Pacific coast of Costa Rica between March 2011 and July 2012 to obtain baseline information of this species. The results revealed that the size at sexual maturity of B. clarkae was 71.9 cm TL, considerably higher than previously reported for South American populations. Since the size at maturity may vary between populations in different geographic locations, detailed information of the reproductive biology of widely distributed species such as B. clarkae is critical for developing effective management approaches.

Sexual Maturity, Fecundity, Spawning, and Early Life History of Sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) off the Pacific Coast of Canada

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2126-2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mason ◽  
R. J. Beamish ◽  
G. A. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Anoplopoma Fimbria ◽  
Spawning Areas ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Male To Female

Analysis of ichthyoplankton surveys and maturity states showed that sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) spawn along the entire Pacific coast of Canada from January through April with peak spawning occurring in February. Spawning took place at depths greater than 300 m all along the continental slope and did not entail a noticeable spawning migration. Fifty percent of females and males spawned for the first time at an age of approximately 5 yr. Length at 50% maturity was approximately 58 cm for females and 52 cm for males. The adult male to female ratio during the spawning seasons of 1980 and 1981 was approximately 1:3 and was 1:1.5 during all other sampling periods. The sex ratio of juveniles was 1:1. Fecundity estimates are described by the equation F = 1.11987FL2.8244. After hatching in March and April, postlarvae moved into the surface waters and were found > 180 km offshore in late March. Juveniles were found in inside waters in July and August, attaining a length of 9 cm by early August. Juveniles may remain in inside waters until maturity when they return to the spawning areas.

Adam Zalužanský’s “De sexu plantarum” (1592): an early pioneering chapter on plant sexuality

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Funk
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
English Translation ◽  
History Of Botany ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Botanical History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

In the history of botany, Adam Zalužanský (d. 1613), a Bohemian physician, apothecary, botanist and professor at the University of Prague, is a little-known personality. Linnaeus's first biographers, for example, only knew Zalužanský from hearsay and suspected he was a native of Poland. This ignorance still pervades botanical history. Zalužanský is mentioned only peripherally or not at all. As late as the nineteenth century, a researcher would be unaware that Zalužanský’s main work Methodi herbariae libri tres actually existed in two editions from two different publishers (1592, Prague; 1604, Frankfurt). This paper introduces the life and work of Zalužanský. Special attention is paid to the chapter “De sexu plantarum” of Zalužanský’s Methodus, in which, more than one hundred years before the well-known De sexu plantarum epistola of R. J. Camerarius, the sexuality of plants is suggested. Additionally, for the first time, an English translation of Zalužanský’s chapter on plant sexuality is provided.

scholarly journals Late Pleistocene echimyid rodents (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from northern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 829-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
THAIS M.F. FERREIRA ◽  
ADRIANA ITATI OLIVARES ◽  
LEONARDO KERBER ◽  
RODRIGO P. DUTRA ◽  
LEONARDO S. AVILLA
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
South American ◽  
Squamate Reptiles ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Echimyidae (spiny rats, tree rats and the coypu) is the most diverse family of extant South American hystricognath rodents (caviomorphs). Today, they live in tropical forests (Amazonian, coastal and Andean forests), occasionally in more open xeric habitats in the Cerrado and Caatinga of northern South America, and open areas across the southern portion of the continent (Myocastor). The Quaternary fossil record of this family remains poorly studied. Here, we describe the fossil echimyids found in karst deposits from southern Tocantins, northern Brazil. The analyzed specimens are assigned to Thrichomys sp., Makalata cf. didelphoides and Proechimys sp. This is the first time that a fossil of Makalata is reported. The Pleistocene record of echimyids from this area is represented by fragmentary remains, which hinders their determination at specific levels. The data reported here contributes to the understanding of the ancient diversity of rodents of this region, evidenced until now in other groups, such as the artiodactyls, cingulates, carnivores, marsupials, and squamate reptiles.

“Filipinos are the Dandies of the Foreign Colonies”: Race, Labor Struggles, and the Transpacific Routes of Hollywood and Philippine Films, 1924–1948

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-403
Author(s):  
Denise Khor
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Cultural Encounters ◽  
Movie Theaters ◽  
Japanese Immigrants ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western City ◽  
Urban Leisure ◽  
The U.S

In the 1930s and 1940s Filipino laborers, many of whom were en route to agricultural hubs on the Pacific Coast, packed into movie theaters owned by Japanese immigrants to view Hollywood and Philippine-produced films. These cultural encounters formed an urban public sphere that connected both sides of the Pacific. Filipino patrons remade their public identities and communities through their consumption of film and urban leisure in the western city. This article traces this localized history of spectatorship and exhibition in order to reconsider prevailing understandings of the history of the U.S. West and the rise of cinema and mass commercial culture in the early twentieth century.

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