Obesity in the Elderly — On the Role of Adipokines in Prostate Cancer Progression

2012 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Adriano Angelucci ◽  
Mauro Bologna ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Frequent Site

The prostate is the most frequent site of cancer in men aged 68 years and older. Although prostate cancer is frequently a slow-progressing cancer, the increase in lifespan is posing new challenges in order to avoid prostate cancer-associated mortality. Epidemiological studies have clearly demonstrated that the westernised lifestyle and diet may fuel prostate cancer incidence and mortality, and the associated current pandemic of obesity is becoming one of the principal risk factors for age-related chronic diseases. Obesity and ageing seem to contribute independently to deregulating adipose tissue homoeostasis and in turn systemic metabolism. Nowadays, adipose tissue is recognised as an active and complex endocrine and immunological organ able to control the homoeostasis of different distant organs through the release of a variety of factors, collectively termed adipokines. These factors are master regulators of energy balance and immune response and may account for some of the most frequent obesity- and age-related health problems, including cancer. The dissection of mechanisms leading to altered metabolic control by adipose tissue will eventually indicate a new preventive strategy for prostate cancer.

4013 POSTER Obesity in the Elderly: on the Role of Adipokines in Prostate Cancer Progression

2011 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. S277
Author(s):  
A. Angelucci ◽  
G. Pace ◽  
P. Sanitá ◽  
C. Vicentini ◽  
M. Bologna
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Prostate Cancer Progression

scholarly journals Emerging Roles for Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Prostate Cancer Malignant Behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5560
Author(s):  
Alejandro Álvarez-Artime ◽  
Belén García-Soler ◽  
Rosa María Sainz ◽  
Juan Carlos Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Endocrine Organs

In addition to its well-known role as an energy repository, adipose tissue is one of the largest endocrine organs in the organism due to its ability to synthesize and release different bioactive molecules. Two main types of adipose tissue have been described, namely white adipose tissue (WAT) with a classical energy storage function, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) with thermogenic activity. The prostate, an exocrine gland present in the reproductive system of most mammals, is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) that contributes to maintaining glandular homeostasis in conjunction with other cell types of the microenvironment. In pathological conditions such as the development and progression of prostate cancer, adipose tissue plays a key role through paracrine and endocrine signaling. In this context, the role of WAT has been thoroughly studied. However, the influence of BAT on prostate tumor development and progression is unclear and has received much less attention. This review tries to bring an update on the role of different factors released by WAT which may participate in the initiation, progression and metastasis, as well as to compile the available information on BAT to discuss and open a new field of knowledge about the possible protective role of BAT in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals The Dual Role of Vitamin K2 in “Bone-Vascular Crosstalk”: Opposite Effects on Bone Loss and Vascular Calcification

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1222
Author(s):  
Domitilla Mandatori ◽  
Letizia Pelusi ◽  
Valeria Schiavone ◽  
Caterina Pipino ◽  
Natalia Di Pietro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Vitamin K2 ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Calcium Deposition ◽  
Age Related

Osteoporosis (OP) and vascular calcification (VC) represent relevant health problems that frequently coexist in the elderly population. Traditionally, they have been considered independent processes, and mainly age-related. However, an increasing number of studies have reported their possible direct correlation, commonly defined as “bone-vascular crosstalk”. Vitamin K2 (VitK2), a family of several natural isoforms also known as menaquinones (MK), has recently received particular attention for its role in maintaining calcium homeostasis. In particular, VitK2 deficiency seems to be responsible of the so-called “calcium paradox” phenomenon, characterized by low calcium deposition in the bone and its accumulation in the vessel wall. Since these events may have important clinical consequences, and the role of VitK2 in bone-vascular crosstalk has only partially been explained, this review focuses on its effects on the bone and vascular system by providing a more recent literature update. Overall, the findings reported here propose the VitK2 family as natural bioactive molecules that could be able to play an important role in the prevention of bone loss and vascular calcification, thus encouraging further in-depth studies to achieve its use as a dietary food supplement.

167: Role of trefoil factor-3 peptide (TFF3) in prostate cancer progression

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nowak ◽  
C. Merz ◽  
A. Von Maessenhausen ◽  
W. Vogel ◽  
D. Boehm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Prostate Cancer Progression ◽  
Trefoil Factor ◽  
Trefoil Factor 3

Abstract 65: Restoration of Growth Differentiation Factor 11 Protects Against Stroke in Mice

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjali Chauhan ◽  
Jacob Hudobenko ◽  
Anthony Patrizz ◽  
Louise D McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Delayed Treatment ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Infarct Area ◽  
Age Related

Introduction: GDF 11 is a member of the transforming growth factor β superfamily. Loss of GDF11 occurs with aging and declining levels correlate with several detrimental age-associated phenotypes in both peripheral tissues and brain. Restoration of GDF11 enhances neurogenesis and cognitive function in aged mice. Brain expression of GDF11 has not been investigated after stroke. Stroke differentially affects the elderly. In this work we examined the role of GDF11 in aging, stroke and its potential utility as a neuroprotective agent. Methods: Male C57/BL6NCrl young (2-3 months) and aged (19-21) mice were used. Brain GDF11 expression was evaluated in young and aged mice by western blot. Focal ischemia was induced with a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Mice were randomly assigned into two groups and were subjected to 90 min MCAO. Group 1 received vehicle (phosphate buffered saline) and group 2 was administered rGDF11 (100 ug/kg., ip) at the onset of ischemia. In additional experiments, the efficacy of delayed treatment (3 h after ischemia) with rGDF11 was tested. These mice were subjected to a 60 min MCAO. Mice were euthanized after 24 hours and 7 days respectively and brains were harvested to estimate infarct area. Results: A significant decrease in brain GDF11 levels was observed in aged mice as compared to young (p<0.05). Additionally, a significant decline in brain GDF11 expression was observed after stroke at 24 hours vs. sham groups (p<0.05). A significant decrease in cortical and hemispheric infarct area was observed in the rGDF11 group (cortical 48.73±1.05; hemisphere 49.68±3.58) as compared to vehicle group (60.54±4.88; 61.35±6.03), when GDF was administered at the time of ischemia. Delayed treatment with rGDF11 also reduced infarct at 7 days. Conclusions: Brain GDF11 levels decline with age and after stroke. Supplementation with rGDF11 ameliorates stroke induced injury in young mice at 24h and 7 days. These finding suggest potential role of GDF11 in age and stroke. Restoration of age-related loss of GDF may be a viable therapy for stroke.

136 Periprostatic adipose tissue acts as a driving force for the local invasion of prostate cancer in obesity: Role of the CCR3/CCL7 axis

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e136-e136a
Author(s):  
M. Roumiguie ◽  
V. Laurent ◽  
A. Toulet ◽  
F. Zaidi ◽  
P. Valet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Local Invasion
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